cmd/containerboot: introduce TS_STATE env var

Fixes #12180
Fixed #13409

Signed-off-by: Lee Briggs <lee@leebriggs.co.uk>

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@4f3212b61783c3c68e8309a0f18a699764811cda # v3.27.1
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@aa578102511db1f4524ed59b8cc2bae4f6e88195 # v3.27.6
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@4f3212b61783c3c68e8309a0f18a699764811cda # v3.27.1
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@aa578102511db1f4524ed59b8cc2bae4f6e88195 # v3.27.6
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@4f3212b61783c3c68e8309a0f18a699764811cda # v3.27.1
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@aa578102511db1f4524ed59b8cc2bae4f6e88195 # v3.27.6

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: checkout
       uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
     - name: Restore Cache
-      uses: actions/cache@6849a6489940f00c2f30c0fb92c6274307ccb58a # v4.1.2
+      uses: actions/cache@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57 # v4.2.0
       with:
         # Note: unlike the other setups, this is only grabbing the mod download
         # cache, rather than the whole mod directory, as the download cache
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ jobs:
         cache: false
 
     - name: Restore Cache
-      uses: actions/cache@6849a6489940f00c2f30c0fb92c6274307ccb58a # v4.1.2
+      uses: actions/cache@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57 # v4.2.0
       with:
         # Note: unlike the other setups, this is only grabbing the mod download
         # cache, rather than the whole mod directory, as the download cache
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: checkout
       uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
     - name: Restore Cache
-      uses: actions/cache@6849a6489940f00c2f30c0fb92c6274307ccb58a # v4.1.2
+      uses: actions/cache@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57 # v4.2.0
       with:
         # Note: unlike the other setups, this is only grabbing the mod download
         # cache, rather than the whole mod directory, as the download cache
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: checkout
       uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
     - name: Restore Cache
-      uses: actions/cache@6849a6489940f00c2f30c0fb92c6274307ccb58a # v4.1.2
+      uses: actions/cache@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57 # v4.2.0
       with:
         # Note: unlike the other setups, this is only grabbing the mod download
         # cache, rather than the whole mod directory, as the download cache
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: checkout
       uses: actions/checkout@692973e3d937129bcbf40652eb9f2f61becf3332 # v4.1.7
     - name: Restore Cache
-      uses: actions/cache@6849a6489940f00c2f30c0fb92c6274307ccb58a # v4.1.2
+      uses: actions/cache@1bd1e32a3bdc45362d1e726936510720a7c30a57 # v4.2.0
       with:
         # Note: unlike the other setups, this is only grabbing the mod download
         # cache, rather than the whole mod directory, as the download cache

Makefile

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ publishdevoperator: ## Build and publish k8s-operator image to location specifie
 	@test "${REPO}" != "ghcr.io/tailscale/tailscale" || (echo "REPO=... must not be ghcr.io/tailscale/tailscale" && exit 1)
 	@test "${REPO}" != "tailscale/k8s-operator" || (echo "REPO=... must not be tailscale/k8s-operator" && exit 1)
 	@test "${REPO}" != "ghcr.io/tailscale/k8s-operator" || (echo "REPO=... must not be ghcr.io/tailscale/k8s-operator" && exit 1)
-	TAGS="${TAGS}" REPOS=${REPO} PLATFORM=${PLATFORM} PUSH=true TARGET=operator ./build_docker.sh
+	TAGS="${TAGS}" REPOS=${REPO} PLATFORM=${PLATFORM} PUSH=true TARGET=k8s-operator ./build_docker.sh
 
 publishdevnameserver: ## Build and publish k8s-nameserver image to location specified by ${REPO}
 	@test -n "${REPO}" || (echo "REPO=... required; e.g. REPO=ghcr.io/${USER}/tailscale" && exit 1)
@@ -116,7 +116,6 @@ sshintegrationtest: ## Run the SSH integration tests in various Docker container
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 ./tool/go build -o ssh/tailssh/testcontainers/tailscaled ./cmd/tailscaled && \
 	echo "Testing on ubuntu:focal" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:focal" -t ssh-ubuntu-focal ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
 	echo "Testing on ubuntu:jammy" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:jammy" -t ssh-ubuntu-jammy ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
-	echo "Testing on ubuntu:mantic" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:mantic" -t ssh-ubuntu-mantic ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
 	echo "Testing on ubuntu:noble" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=ubuntu:noble" -t ssh-ubuntu-noble ssh/tailssh/testcontainers && \
 	echo "Testing on alpine:latest" && docker build --build-arg="BASE=alpine:latest" -t ssh-alpine-latest ssh/tailssh/testcontainers
 

VERSION.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.77.0
+1.79.0

build_docker.sh

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ case "$TARGET" in
       --annotations="${ANNOTATIONS}" \
       /usr/local/bin/containerboot
     ;;
-  operator)
+  k8s-operator)
     DEFAULT_REPOS="tailscale/k8s-operator"
     REPOS="${REPOS:-${DEFAULT_REPOS}}"
     go run github.com/tailscale/mkctr \

client/tailscale/localclient.go

@@ -493,6 +493,17 @@ func (lc *LocalClient) DebugAction(ctx context.Context, action string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// DebugActionBody invokes a debug action with a body parameter, such as
+// "debug-force-prefer-derp".
+// These are development tools and subject to change or removal over time.
+func (lc *LocalClient) DebugActionBody(ctx context.Context, action string, rbody io.Reader) error {
+	body, err := lc.send(ctx, "POST", "/localapi/v0/debug?action="+url.QueryEscape(action), 200, rbody)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error %w: %s", err, body)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // DebugResultJSON invokes a debug action and returns its result as something JSON-able.
 // These are development tools and subject to change or removal over time.
 func (lc *LocalClient) DebugResultJSON(ctx context.Context, action string) (any, error) {

cmd/checkmetrics/checkmetrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+// checkmetrics validates that all metrics in the tailscale client-metrics
+// are documented in a given path or URL.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"tailscale.com/ipn/store/mem"
+	"tailscale.com/tsnet"
+	"tailscale.com/tstest/integration/testcontrol"
+	"tailscale.com/util/httpm"
+)
+
+var (
+	kbPath = flag.String("kb-path", "", "filepath to the client-metrics knowledge base")
+	kbUrl  = flag.String("kb-url", "", "URL to the client-metrics knowledge base page")
+)
+
+func main() {
+	flag.Parse()
+	if *kbPath == "" && *kbUrl == "" {
+		log.Fatalf("either -kb-path or -kb-url must be set")
+	}
+
+	var control testcontrol.Server
+	ts := httptest.NewServer(&control)
+	defer ts.Close()
+
+	td, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "testcontrol")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(td)
+
+	// tsnet is used not used as a Tailscale client, but as a way to
+	// boot up Tailscale, have all the metrics registered, and then
+	// verifiy that all the metrics are documented.
+	tsn := &tsnet.Server{
+		Dir:        td,
+		Store:      new(mem.Store),
+		UserLogf:   log.Printf,
+		Ephemeral:  true,
+		ControlURL: ts.URL,
+	}
+	if err := tsn.Start(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer tsn.Close()
+
+	log.Printf("checking that all metrics are documented, looking for: %s", tsn.Sys().UserMetricsRegistry().MetricNames())
+
+	if *kbPath != "" {
+		kb, err := readKB(*kbPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("reading kb: %v", err)
+		}
+		missing := undocumentedMetrics(kb, tsn.Sys().UserMetricsRegistry().MetricNames())
+
+		if len(missing) > 0 {
+			log.Fatalf("found undocumented metrics in %q: %v", *kbPath, missing)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if *kbUrl != "" {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+
+		kb, err := getKB(ctx, *kbUrl)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("getting kb: %v", err)
+		}
+		missing := undocumentedMetrics(kb, tsn.Sys().UserMetricsRegistry().MetricNames())
+
+		if len(missing) > 0 {
+			log.Fatalf("found undocumented metrics in %q: %v", *kbUrl, missing)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func readKB(path string) (string, error) {
+	b, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("reading file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return string(b), nil
+}
+
+func getKB(ctx context.Context, url string) (string, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, httpm.GET, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("creating request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("getting kb page: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code: %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	b, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("reading body: %w", err)
+	}
+	return string(b), nil
+}
+
+func undocumentedMetrics(b string, metrics []string) []string {
+	var missing []string
+	for _, metric := range metrics {
+		if !strings.Contains(b, metric) {
+			missing = append(missing, metric)
+		}
+	}
+	return missing
+}

cmd/containerboot/healthz.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"log"
-	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"sync"
 )
@@ -23,29 +22,29 @@ type healthz struct {
 func (h *healthz) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	h.Lock()
 	defer h.Unlock()
+
 	if h.hasAddrs {
 		w.Write([]byte("ok"))
 	} else {
-		http.Error(w, "node currently has no tailscale IPs", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		http.Error(w, "node currently has no tailscale IPs", http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
 	}
 }
 
-// runHealthz runs a simple HTTP health endpoint on /healthz, listening on the
-// provided address. A containerized tailscale instance is considered healthy if
+func (h *healthz) update(healthy bool) {
+	h.Lock()
+	defer h.Unlock()
+
+	if h.hasAddrs != healthy {
+		log.Println("Setting healthy", healthy)
+	}
+	h.hasAddrs = healthy
+}
+
+// healthHandlers registers a simple health handler at /healthz.
+// A containerized tailscale instance is considered healthy if
 // it has at least one tailnet IP address.
-func runHealthz(addr string, h *healthz) {
-	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("error listening on the provided health endpoint address %q: %v", addr, err)
-	}
-	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+func healthHandlers(mux *http.ServeMux) *healthz {
+	h := &healthz{}
 	mux.Handle("GET /healthz", h)
-	log.Printf("Running healthcheck endpoint at %s/healthz", addr)
-	hs := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
-
-	go func() {
-		if err := hs.Serve(lis); err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed running health endpoint: %v", err)
-		}
-	}()
+	return h
 }

cmd/containerboot/kube.go

@@ -9,30 +9,56 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 
 	"tailscale.com/kube/kubeapi"
 	"tailscale.com/kube/kubeclient"
+	"tailscale.com/kube/kubetypes"
 	"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
 )
 
-// storeDeviceID writes deviceID to 'device_id' data field of the named
-// Kubernetes Secret.
-func storeDeviceID(ctx context.Context, secretName string, deviceID tailcfg.StableNodeID) error {
-	s := &kubeapi.Secret{
-		Data: map[string][]byte{
-			"device_id": []byte(deviceID),
-		},
-	}
-	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, secretName, s, "tailscale-container")
+// kubeClient is a wrapper around Tailscale's internal kube client that knows how to talk to the kube API server. We use
+// this rather than any of the upstream Kubernetes client libaries to avoid extra imports.
+type kubeClient struct {
+	kubeclient.Client
+	stateSecret string
+	canPatch    bool // whether the client has permissions to patch Kubernetes Secrets
 }
 
-// storeDeviceEndpoints writes device's tailnet IPs and MagicDNS name to fields
-// 'device_ips', 'device_fqdn' of the named Kubernetes Secret.
-func storeDeviceEndpoints(ctx context.Context, secretName string, fqdn string, addresses []netip.Prefix) error {
+func newKubeClient(root string, stateSecret string) (*kubeClient, error) {
+	if root != "/" {
+		// If we are running in a test, we need to set the root path to the fake
+		// service account directory.
+		kubeclient.SetRootPathForTesting(root)
+	}
+	var err error
+	kc, err := kubeclient.New("tailscale-container")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error creating kube client: %w", err)
+	}
+	if (root != "/") || os.Getenv("TS_KUBERNETES_READ_API_SERVER_ADDRESS_FROM_ENV") == "true" {
+		// Derive the API server address from the environment variables
+		// Used to set http server in tests, or optionally enabled by flag
+		kc.SetURL(fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:%s", os.Getenv("KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST"), os.Getenv("KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS")))
+	}
+	return &kubeClient{Client: kc, stateSecret: stateSecret}, nil
+}
+
+// storeDeviceID writes deviceID to 'device_id' data field of the client's state Secret.
+func (kc *kubeClient) storeDeviceID(ctx context.Context, deviceID tailcfg.StableNodeID) error {
+	s := &kubeapi.Secret{
+		Data: map[string][]byte{
+			kubetypes.KeyDeviceID: []byte(deviceID),
+		},
+	}
+	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, kc.stateSecret, s, "tailscale-container")
+}
+
+// storeDeviceEndpoints writes device's tailnet IPs and MagicDNS name to fields 'device_ips', 'device_fqdn' of client's
+// state Secret.
+func (kc *kubeClient) storeDeviceEndpoints(ctx context.Context, fqdn string, addresses []netip.Prefix) error {
 	var ips []string
 	for _, addr := range addresses {
 		ips = append(ips, addr.Addr().String())
@@ -44,16 +70,28 @@ func storeDeviceEndpoints(ctx context.Context, secretName string, fqdn string, a
 
 	s := &kubeapi.Secret{
 		Data: map[string][]byte{
-			"device_fqdn": []byte(fqdn),
-			"device_ips":  deviceIPs,
+			kubetypes.KeyDeviceFQDN: []byte(fqdn),
+			kubetypes.KeyDeviceIPs:  deviceIPs,
 		},
 	}
-	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, secretName, s, "tailscale-container")
+	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, kc.stateSecret, s, "tailscale-container")
+}
+
+// storeHTTPSEndpoint writes an HTTPS endpoint exposed by this device via 'tailscale serve' to the client's state
+// Secret. In practice this will be the same value that gets written to 'device_fqdn', but this should only be called
+// when the serve config has been successfully set up.
+func (kc *kubeClient) storeHTTPSEndpoint(ctx context.Context, ep string) error {
+	s := &kubeapi.Secret{
+		Data: map[string][]byte{
+			kubetypes.KeyHTTPSEndpoint: []byte(ep),
+		},
+	}
+	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, kc.stateSecret, s, "tailscale-container")
 }
 
 // deleteAuthKey deletes the 'authkey' field of the given kube
 // secret. No-op if there is no authkey in the secret.
-func deleteAuthKey(ctx context.Context, secretName string) error {
+func (kc *kubeClient) deleteAuthKey(ctx context.Context) error {
 	// m is a JSON Patch data structure, see https://jsonpatch.com/ or RFC 6902.
 	m := []kubeclient.JSONPatch{
 		{
@@ -61,7 +99,7 @@ func deleteAuthKey(ctx context.Context, secretName string) error {
 			Path: "/data/authkey",
 		},
 	}
-	if err := kc.JSONPatchResource(ctx, secretName, kubeclient.TypeSecrets, m); err != nil {
+	if err := kc.JSONPatchResource(ctx, kc.stateSecret, kubeclient.TypeSecrets, m); err != nil {
 		if s, ok := err.(*kubeapi.Status); ok && s.Code == http.StatusUnprocessableEntity {
 			// This is kubernetes-ese for "the field you asked to
 			// delete already doesn't exist", aka no-op.
@@ -72,22 +110,19 @@ func deleteAuthKey(ctx context.Context, secretName string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-var kc kubeclient.Client
-
-func initKubeClient(root string) {
-	if root != "/" {
-		// If we are running in a test, we need to set the root path to the fake
-		// service account directory.
-		kubeclient.SetRootPathForTesting(root)
+// storeCapVerUID stores the current capability version of tailscale and, if provided, UID of the Pod in the tailscale
+// state Secret.
+// These two fields are used by the Kubernetes Operator to observe the current capability version of tailscaled running in this container.
+func (kc *kubeClient) storeCapVerUID(ctx context.Context, podUID string) error {
+	capVerS := fmt.Sprintf("%d", tailcfg.CurrentCapabilityVersion)
+	d := map[string][]byte{
+		kubetypes.KeyCapVer: []byte(capVerS),
 	}
-	var err error
-	kc, err = kubeclient.New("tailscale-container")
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Error creating kube client: %v", err)
+	if podUID != "" {
+		d[kubetypes.KeyPodUID] = []byte(podUID)
 	}
-	if (root != "/") || os.Getenv("TS_KUBERNETES_READ_API_SERVER_ADDRESS_FROM_ENV") == "true" {
-		// Derive the API server address from the environment variables
-		// Used to set http server in tests, or optionally enabled by flag
-		kc.SetURL(fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:%s", os.Getenv("KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST"), os.Getenv("KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS")))
+	s := &kubeapi.Secret{
+		Data: d,
 	}
+	return kc.StrategicMergePatchSecret(ctx, kc.stateSecret, s, "tailscale-container")
 }

cmd/containerboot/kube_test.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 		cfg     *settings
 		wantErr bool
 		wantCfg *settings
-		kc      kubeclient.Client
+		kc      *kubeClient
 	}{
 		{
 			name: "TS_AUTHKEY set, state Secret exists",
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return nil, nil
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, true, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return nil, &kubeapi.Status{Code: 404}
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return nil, &kubeapi.Status{Code: 404}
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return nil, &kubeapi.Status{Code: 403}
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 				AuthKey:    "foo",
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, errors.New("broken")
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 		{
@@ -127,14 +127,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, true, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return nil, &kubeapi.Status{Code: 404}
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 		},
 		{
 			// Interactive login using URL in Pod logs
@@ -145,28 +145,28 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return &kubeapi.Secret{}, nil
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 		},
 		{
 			name: "TS_AUTHKEY not set, state Secret contains auth key, we do not have RBAC to patch it",
 			cfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return false, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return &kubeapi.Secret{Data: map[string][]byte{"authkey": []byte("foo")}}, nil
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
@@ -177,14 +177,14 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 			cfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret: "foo",
 			},
-			kc: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
+			kc: &kubeClient{stateSecret: "foo", Client: &kubeclient.FakeClient{
 				CheckSecretPermissionsImpl: func(context.Context, string) (bool, bool, error) {
 					return true, false, nil
 				},
 				GetSecretImpl: func(context.Context, string) (*kubeapi.Secret, error) {
 					return &kubeapi.Secret{Data: map[string][]byte{"authkey": []byte("foo")}}, nil
 				},
-			},
+			}},
 			wantCfg: &settings{
 				KubeSecret:         "foo",
 				AuthKey:            "foo",
@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ func TestSetupKube(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
-		kc = tt.kc
+		kc := tt.kc
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if err := tt.cfg.setupKube(context.Background()); (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
+			if err := tt.cfg.setupKube(context.Background(), kc); (err != nil) != tt.wantErr {
 				t.Errorf("settings.setupKube() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, tt.wantErr)
 			}
 			if diff := cmp.Diff(*tt.cfg, *tt.wantCfg); diff != "" {

cmd/containerboot/main.go

@@ -52,11 +52,17 @@
 //     ${TS_CERT_DOMAIN}, it will be replaced with the value of the available FQDN.
 //     It cannot be used in conjunction with TS_DEST_IP. The file is watched for changes,
 //     and will be re-applied when it changes.
-//   - TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT: if specified, an HTTP health endpoint will be
-//     served at /healthz at the provided address, which should be in form [<address>]:<port>.
-//     If not set, no health check will be run. If set to :<port>, addr will default to 0.0.0.0
-//     The health endpoint will return 200 OK if this node has at least one tailnet IP address,
-//     otherwise returns 503.
+//   - TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT: deprecated, use TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK instead and optionally
+//     set TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT. Will be removed in 1.82.0.
+//   - TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT: the address and port to serve local metrics and health
+//     check endpoints if enabled via TS_ENABLE_METRICS and/or TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK.
+//     Defaults to [::]:9002, serving on all available interfaces.
+//   - TS_ENABLE_METRICS: if true, a metrics endpoint will be served at /metrics on
+//     the address specified by TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT. See https://tailscale.com/kb/1482/client-metrics
+//     for more information on the metrics exposed.
+//   - TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK: if true, a health check endpoint will be served at /healthz on
+//     the address specified by TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT. The health endpoint will return 200
+//     OK if this node has at least one tailnet IP address, otherwise returns 503.
 //     NB: the health criteria might change in the future.
 //   - TS_EXPERIMENTAL_VERSIONED_CONFIG_DIR: if specified, a path to a
 //     directory that containers tailscaled config in file. The config file needs to be
@@ -99,6 +105,7 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"math"
 	"net"
+	"net/http"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
@@ -114,6 +121,7 @@ import (
 	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
 	"tailscale.com/ipn"
 	kubeutils "tailscale.com/k8s-operator"
+	"tailscale.com/kube/kubetypes"
 	"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
 	"tailscale.com/types/logger"
 	"tailscale.com/types/ptr"
@@ -160,9 +168,13 @@ func main() {
 	bootCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 60*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 
+	var kc *kubeClient
 	if cfg.InKubernetes {
-		initKubeClient(cfg.Root)
-		if err := cfg.setupKube(bootCtx); err != nil {
+		kc, err = newKubeClient(cfg.Root, cfg.KubeSecret)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("error initializing kube client: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := cfg.setupKube(bootCtx, kc); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("error setting up for running on Kubernetes: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -178,12 +190,32 @@ func main() {
 	}
 	defer killTailscaled()
 
-	if cfg.LocalAddrPort != "" && cfg.MetricsEnabled {
-		m := &metrics{
-			lc:            client,
-			debugEndpoint: cfg.DebugAddrPort,
+	var healthCheck *healthz
+	if cfg.HealthCheckAddrPort != "" {
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+
+		log.Printf("Running healthcheck endpoint at %s/healthz", cfg.HealthCheckAddrPort)
+		healthCheck = healthHandlers(mux)
+
+		close := runHTTPServer(mux, cfg.HealthCheckAddrPort)
+		defer close()
+	}
+
+	if cfg.localMetricsEnabled() || cfg.localHealthEnabled() {
+		mux := http.NewServeMux()
+
+		if cfg.localMetricsEnabled() {
+			log.Printf("Running metrics endpoint at %s/metrics", cfg.LocalAddrPort)
+			metricsHandlers(mux, client, cfg.DebugAddrPort)
 		}
-		runMetrics(cfg.LocalAddrPort, m)
+
+		if cfg.localHealthEnabled() {
+			log.Printf("Running healthcheck endpoint at %s/healthz", cfg.LocalAddrPort)
+			healthCheck = healthHandlers(mux)
+		}
+
+		close := runHTTPServer(mux, cfg.LocalAddrPort)
+		defer close()
 	}
 
 	if cfg.EnableForwardingOptimizations {
@@ -292,12 +324,18 @@ authLoop:
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Remove any serve config and advertised HTTPS endpoint that may have been set by a previous run of
+	// containerboot, but only if we're providing a new one.
 	if cfg.ServeConfigPath != "" {
-		// Remove any serve config that may have been set by a previous run of
-		// containerboot, but only if we're providing a new one.
+		log.Printf("serve proxy: unsetting previous config")
 		if err := client.SetServeConfig(ctx, new(ipn.ServeConfig)); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to unset serve config: %v", err)
 		}
+		if hasKubeStateStore(cfg) {
+			if err := kc.storeHTTPSEndpoint(ctx, ""); err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("failed to update HTTPS endpoint in tailscale state: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	if hasKubeStateStore(cfg) && isTwoStepConfigAuthOnce(cfg) {
@@ -305,11 +343,17 @@ authLoop:
 		// authkey is no longer needed. We don't strictly need to
 		// wipe it, but it's good hygiene.
 		log.Printf("Deleting authkey from kube secret")
-		if err := deleteAuthKey(ctx, cfg.KubeSecret); err != nil {
+		if err := kc.deleteAuthKey(ctx); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("deleting authkey from kube secret: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 
+	if hasKubeStateStore(cfg) {
+		if err := kc.storeCapVerUID(ctx, cfg.PodUID); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("storing capability version and UID: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	w, err = client.WatchIPNBus(ctx, ipn.NotifyInitialNetMap|ipn.NotifyInitialState)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("rewatching tailscaled for updates after auth: %v", err)
@@ -329,12 +373,9 @@ authLoop:
 		certDomain        = new(atomic.Pointer[string])
 		certDomainChanged = make(chan bool, 1)
 
-		h             = &healthz{} // http server for the healthz endpoint
-		healthzRunner = sync.OnceFunc(func() { runHealthz(cfg.HealthCheckAddrPort, h) })
+		triggerWatchServeConfigChanges sync.Once
 	)
-	if cfg.ServeConfigPath != "" {
-		go watchServeConfigChanges(ctx, cfg.ServeConfigPath, certDomainChanged, certDomain, client)
-	}
+
 	var nfr linuxfw.NetfilterRunner
 	if isL3Proxy(cfg) {
 		nfr, err = newNetfilterRunner(log.Printf)
@@ -435,7 +476,7 @@ runLoop:
 				// fails.
 				deviceID := n.NetMap.SelfNode.StableID()
 				if hasKubeStateStore(cfg) && deephash.Update(&currentDeviceID, &deviceID) {
-					if err := storeDeviceID(ctx, cfg.KubeSecret, n.NetMap.SelfNode.StableID()); err != nil {
+					if err := kc.storeDeviceID(ctx, n.NetMap.SelfNode.StableID()); err != nil {
 						log.Fatalf("storing device ID in Kubernetes Secret: %v", err)
 					}
 				}
@@ -508,8 +549,11 @@ runLoop:
 					resetTimer(false)
 					backendAddrs = newBackendAddrs
 				}
-				if cfg.ServeConfigPath != "" && len(n.NetMap.DNS.CertDomains) != 0 {
-					cd := n.NetMap.DNS.CertDomains[0]
+				if cfg.ServeConfigPath != "" {
+					cd := certDomainFromNetmap(n.NetMap)
+					if cd == "" {
+						cd = kubetypes.ValueNoHTTPS
+					}
 					prev := certDomain.Swap(ptr.To(cd))
 					if prev == nil || *prev != cd {
 						select {
@@ -551,17 +595,21 @@ runLoop:
 				// TODO (irbekrm): instead of using the IP and FQDN, have some other mechanism for the proxy signal that it is 'Ready'.
 				deviceEndpoints := []any{n.NetMap.SelfNode.Name(), n.NetMap.SelfNode.Addresses()}
 				if hasKubeStateStore(cfg) && deephash.Update(&currentDeviceEndpoints, &deviceEndpoints) {
-					if err := storeDeviceEndpoints(ctx, cfg.KubeSecret, n.NetMap.SelfNode.Name(), n.NetMap.SelfNode.Addresses().AsSlice()); err != nil {
+					if err := kc.storeDeviceEndpoints(ctx, n.NetMap.SelfNode.Name(), n.NetMap.SelfNode.Addresses().AsSlice()); err != nil {
 						log.Fatalf("storing device IPs and FQDN in Kubernetes Secret: %v", err)
 					}
 				}
 
-				if cfg.HealthCheckAddrPort != "" {
-					h.Lock()
-					h.hasAddrs = len(addrs) != 0
-					h.Unlock()
-					healthzRunner()
+				if healthCheck != nil {
+					healthCheck.update(len(addrs) != 0)
 				}
+
+				if cfg.ServeConfigPath != "" {
+					triggerWatchServeConfigChanges.Do(func() {
+						go watchServeConfigChanges(ctx, cfg.ServeConfigPath, certDomainChanged, certDomain, client, kc)
+					})
+				}
+
 				if egressSvcsNotify != nil {
 					egressSvcsNotify <- n
 				}
@@ -751,3 +799,22 @@ func tailscaledConfigFilePath() string {
 	log.Printf("Using tailscaled config file %q to match current capability version %d", filePath, tailcfg.CurrentCapabilityVersion)
 	return filePath
 }
+
+func runHTTPServer(mux *http.ServeMux, addr string) (close func() error) {
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("failed to listen on addr %q: %v", addr, err)
+	}
+	srv := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := srv.Serve(ln); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("failed running server: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return func() error {
+		err := srv.Shutdown(context.Background())
+		return errors.Join(err, ln.Close())
+	}
+}

cmd/containerboot/main_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 	"tailscale.com/ipn"
+	"tailscale.com/kube/egressservices"
 	"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
 	"tailscale.com/tstest"
 	"tailscale.com/types/netmap"
@@ -57,6 +58,16 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("error unmarshaling tailscaled config: %v", err)
 	}
+	serveConf := ipn.ServeConfig{TCP: map[uint16]*ipn.TCPPortHandler{80: {HTTP: true}}}
+	serveConfBytes, err := json.Marshal(serveConf)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error unmarshaling serve config: %v", err)
+	}
+	egressSvcsCfg := egressservices.Configs{"foo": {TailnetTarget: egressservices.TailnetTarget{FQDN: "foo.tailnetxyx.ts.net"}}}
+	egressSvcsCfgBytes, err := json.Marshal(egressSvcsCfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error unmarshaling egress services config: %v", err)
+	}
 
 	dirs := []string{
 		"var/lib",
@@ -73,14 +84,16 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	files := map[string][]byte{
-		"usr/bin/tailscaled":                    fakeTailscaled,
-		"usr/bin/tailscale":                     fakeTailscale,
-		"usr/bin/iptables":                      fakeTailscale,
-		"usr/bin/ip6tables":                     fakeTailscale,
-		"dev/net/tun":                           []byte(""),
-		"proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward":          []byte("0"),
-		"proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding": []byte("0"),
-		"etc/tailscaled/cap-95.hujson":          tailscaledConfBytes,
+		"usr/bin/tailscaled":                         fakeTailscaled,
+		"usr/bin/tailscale":                          fakeTailscale,
+		"usr/bin/iptables":                           fakeTailscale,
+		"usr/bin/ip6tables":                          fakeTailscale,
+		"dev/net/tun":                                []byte(""),
+		"proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward":               []byte("0"),
+		"proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding":      []byte("0"),
+		"etc/tailscaled/cap-95.hujson":               tailscaledConfBytes,
+		"etc/tailscaled/serve-config.json":           serveConfBytes,
+		"etc/tailscaled/egress-services-config.json": egressSvcsCfgBytes,
 	}
 	resetFiles := func() {
 		for path, content := range files {
@@ -101,6 +114,26 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 
 	argFile := filepath.Join(d, "args")
 	runningSockPath := filepath.Join(d, "tmp/tailscaled.sock")
+	var localAddrPort, healthAddrPort int
+	for _, p := range []*int{&localAddrPort, &healthAddrPort} {
+		ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":0")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to open listener: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := ln.Close(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to close listener: %v", err)
+		}
+		port := ln.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+		*p = port
+	}
+	metricsURL := func(port int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/metrics", port)
+	}
+	healthURL := func(port int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/healthz", port)
+	}
+
+	capver := fmt.Sprintf("%d", tailcfg.CurrentCapabilityVersion)
 
 	type phase struct {
 		// If non-nil, send this IPN bus notification (and remember it as the
@@ -119,6 +152,8 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 		// WantFatalLog is the fatal log message we expect from containerboot.
 		// If set for a phase, the test will finish on that phase.
 		WantFatalLog string
+
+		EndpointStatuses map[string]int
 	}
 	runningNotify := &ipn.Notify{
 		State: ptr.To(ipn.Running),
@@ -147,6 +182,11 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
 						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false",
 					},
+					// No metrics or health by default.
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(9002): -1,
+						healthURL(9002):  -1,
+					},
 				},
 				{
 					Notify: runningNotify,
@@ -453,10 +493,11 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					Notify: runningNotify,
 					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
-						"authkey":     "tskey-key",
-						"device_fqdn": "test-node.test.ts.net",
-						"device_id":   "myID",
-						"device_ips":  `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"authkey":          "tskey-key",
+						"device_fqdn":      "test-node.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "myID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -546,9 +587,10 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock set --accept-dns=false",
 					},
 					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
-						"device_fqdn": "test-node.test.ts.net",
-						"device_id":   "myID",
-						"device_ips":  `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"device_fqdn":      "test-node.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "myID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -575,10 +617,11 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					Notify: runningNotify,
 					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
-						"authkey":     "tskey-key",
-						"device_fqdn": "test-node.test.ts.net",
-						"device_id":   "myID",
-						"device_ips":  `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"authkey":          "tskey-key",
+						"device_fqdn":      "test-node.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "myID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
 					},
 				},
 				{
@@ -593,10 +636,11 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					},
 					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
-						"authkey":     "tskey-key",
-						"device_fqdn": "new-name.test.ts.net",
-						"device_id":   "newID",
-						"device_ips":  `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"authkey":          "tskey-key",
+						"device_fqdn":      "new-name.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "newID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -700,6 +744,199 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			Name: "metrics_enabled",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT": fmt.Sprintf("[::]:%d", localAddrPort),
+				"TS_ENABLE_METRICS":  "true",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false",
+					},
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): 200,
+						healthURL(localAddrPort):  -1,
+					},
+				}, {
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "health_enabled",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT":     fmt.Sprintf("[::]:%d", localAddrPort),
+				"TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK": "true",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false",
+					},
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): -1,
+						healthURL(localAddrPort):  503, // Doesn't start passing until the next phase.
+					},
+				}, {
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): -1,
+						healthURL(localAddrPort):  200,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "metrics_and_health_on_same_port",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT":     fmt.Sprintf("[::]:%d", localAddrPort),
+				"TS_ENABLE_METRICS":      "true",
+				"TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK": "true",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false",
+					},
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): 200,
+						healthURL(localAddrPort):  503, // Doesn't start passing until the next phase.
+					},
+				}, {
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): 200,
+						healthURL(localAddrPort):  200,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "local_metrics_and_deprecated_health",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT":       fmt.Sprintf("[::]:%d", localAddrPort),
+				"TS_ENABLE_METRICS":        "true",
+				"TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT": fmt.Sprintf("[::]:%d", healthAddrPort),
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false",
+					},
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): 200,
+						healthURL(healthAddrPort): 503, // Doesn't start passing until the next phase.
+					},
+				}, {
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+					EndpointStatuses: map[string]int{
+						metricsURL(localAddrPort): 200,
+						healthURL(healthAddrPort): 200,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "serve_config_no_kube",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_SERVE_CONFIG": filepath.Join(d, "etc/tailscaled/serve-config.json"),
+				"TS_AUTHKEY":      "tskey-key",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=mem: --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false --authkey=tskey-key",
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "serve_config_kube",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST":       kube.Host,
+				"KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS": kube.Port,
+				"TS_SERVE_CONFIG":               filepath.Join(d, "etc/tailscaled/serve-config.json"),
+			},
+			KubeSecret: map[string]string{
+				"authkey": "tskey-key",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=kube:tailscale --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false --authkey=tskey-key",
+					},
+					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
+						"authkey": "tskey-key",
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
+						"authkey":          "tskey-key",
+						"device_fqdn":      "test-node.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "myID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"https_endpoint":   "no-https",
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "egress_svcs_config_kube",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST":        kube.Host,
+				"KUBERNETES_SERVICE_PORT_HTTPS":  kube.Port,
+				"TS_EGRESS_SERVICES_CONFIG_PATH": filepath.Join(d, "etc/tailscaled/egress-services-config.json"),
+			},
+			KubeSecret: map[string]string{
+				"authkey": "tskey-key",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantCmds: []string{
+						"/usr/bin/tailscaled --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock --state=kube:tailscale --statedir=/tmp --tun=userspace-networking",
+						"/usr/bin/tailscale --socket=/tmp/tailscaled.sock up --accept-dns=false --authkey=tskey-key",
+					},
+					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
+						"authkey": "tskey-key",
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Notify: runningNotify,
+					WantKubeSecret: map[string]string{
+						"authkey":          "tskey-key",
+						"device_fqdn":      "test-node.test.ts.net",
+						"device_id":        "myID",
+						"device_ips":       `["100.64.0.1"]`,
+						"tailscale_capver": capver,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Name: "egress_svcs_config_no_kube",
+			Env: map[string]string{
+				"TS_EGRESS_SERVICES_CONFIG_PATH": filepath.Join(d, "etc/tailscaled/egress-services-config.json"),
+				"TS_AUTHKEY":                     "tskey-key",
+			},
+			Phases: []phase{
+				{
+					WantFatalLog: "TS_EGRESS_SERVICES_CONFIG_PATH is only supported for Tailscale running on Kubernetes",
+				},
+			},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
@@ -796,7 +1033,26 @@ func TestContainerBoot(t *testing.T) {
 					return nil
 				})
 				if err != nil {
-					t.Fatal(err)
+					t.Fatalf("phase %d: %v", i, err)
+				}
+
+				for url, want := range p.EndpointStatuses {
+					err := tstest.WaitFor(2*time.Second, func() error {
+						resp, err := http.Get(url)
+						if err != nil && want != -1 {
+							return fmt.Errorf("GET %s: %v", url, err)
+						}
+						if want > 0 && resp.StatusCode != want {
+							defer resp.Body.Close()
+							body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+							return fmt.Errorf("GET %s, want %d, got %d\n%s", url, want, resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+						}
+
+						return nil
+					})
+					if err != nil {
+						t.Fatalf("phase %d: %v", i, err)
+					}
 				}
 			}
 			waitLogLine(t, 2*time.Second, cbOut, "Startup complete, waiting for shutdown signal")
@@ -955,6 +1211,12 @@ func (l *localAPI) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if r.Method != "GET" {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("unsupported method %q", r.Method))
 		}
+	case "/localapi/v0/usermetrics":
+		if r.Method != "GET" {
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("unsupported method %q", r.Method))
+		}
+		w.Write([]byte("fake metrics"))
+		return
 	default:
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("unsupported path %q", r.URL.Path))
 	}

cmd/containerboot/metrics.go

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ package main
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log"
-	"net"
 	"net/http"
 
 	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
@@ -64,28 +62,18 @@ func (m *metrics) handleDebug(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	proxy(w, r, debugURL, http.DefaultClient.Do)
 }
 
-// runMetrics runs a simple HTTP metrics endpoint at <addr>/metrics, forwarding
+// metricsHandlers registers a simple HTTP metrics handler at /metrics, forwarding
 // requests to tailscaled's /localapi/v0/usermetrics API.
 //
 // In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, it also proxies debug paths to tailscaled's debug
 // endpoint if configured to ease migration for a breaking change serving user
 // metrics instead of debug metrics on the "metrics" port.
-func runMetrics(addr string, m *metrics) {
-	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("error listening on the provided metrics endpoint address %q: %v", addr, err)
+func metricsHandlers(mux *http.ServeMux, lc *tailscale.LocalClient, debugAddrPort string) {
+	m := &metrics{
+		lc:            lc,
+		debugEndpoint: debugAddrPort,
 	}
 
-	mux := http.NewServeMux()
 	mux.HandleFunc("GET /metrics", m.handleMetrics)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/", m.handleDebug) // TODO(tomhjp): Remove for 1.82.0 release.
-
-	log.Printf("Running metrics endpoint at %s/metrics", addr)
-	ms := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
-
-	go func() {
-		if err := ms.Serve(ln); err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed running metrics endpoint: %v", err)
-		}
-	}()
 }

cmd/containerboot/serve.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
 	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
 	"tailscale.com/ipn"
+	"tailscale.com/kube/kubetypes"
+	"tailscale.com/types/netmap"
 )
 
 // watchServeConfigChanges watches path for changes, and when it sees one, reads
@@ -26,21 +28,21 @@ import (
 // applies it to lc. It exits when ctx is canceled. cdChanged is a channel that
 // is written to when the certDomain changes, causing the serve config to be
 // re-read and applied.
-func watchServeConfigChanges(ctx context.Context, path string, cdChanged <-chan bool, certDomainAtomic *atomic.Pointer[string], lc *tailscale.LocalClient) {
+func watchServeConfigChanges(ctx context.Context, path string, cdChanged <-chan bool, certDomainAtomic *atomic.Pointer[string], lc *tailscale.LocalClient, kc *kubeClient) {
 	if certDomainAtomic == nil {
-		panic("cd must not be nil")
+		panic("certDomainAtomic must not be nil")
 	}
 	var tickChan <-chan time.Time
 	var eventChan <-chan fsnotify.Event
 	if w, err := fsnotify.NewWatcher(); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("failed to create fsnotify watcher, timer-only mode: %v", err)
+		log.Printf("serve proxy: failed to create fsnotify watcher, timer-only mode: %v", err)
 		ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
 		defer ticker.Stop()
 		tickChan = ticker.C
 	} else {
 		defer w.Close()
 		if err := w.Add(filepath.Dir(path)); err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed to add fsnotify watch: %v", err)
+			log.Fatalf("serve proxy: failed to add fsnotify watch: %v", err)
 		}
 		eventChan = w.Events
 	}
@@ -59,24 +61,62 @@ func watchServeConfigChanges(ctx context.Context, path string, cdChanged <-chan
 			// k8s handles these mounts. So just re-read the file and apply it
 			// if it's changed.
 		}
-		if certDomain == "" {
-			continue
-		}
 		sc, err := readServeConfig(path, certDomain)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed to read serve config: %v", err)
+			log.Fatalf("serve proxy: failed to read serve config: %v", err)
 		}
 		if prevServeConfig != nil && reflect.DeepEqual(sc, prevServeConfig) {
 			continue
 		}
-		log.Printf("Applying serve config")
-		if err := lc.SetServeConfig(ctx, sc); err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed to set serve config: %v", err)
+		validateHTTPSServe(certDomain, sc)
+		if err := updateServeConfig(ctx, sc, certDomain, lc); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("serve proxy: error updating serve config: %v", err)
+		}
+		if kc != nil && kc.canPatch {
+			if err := kc.storeHTTPSEndpoint(ctx, certDomain); err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("serve proxy: error storing HTTPS endpoint: %v", err)
+			}
 		}
 		prevServeConfig = sc
 	}
 }
 
+func certDomainFromNetmap(nm *netmap.NetworkMap) string {
+	if len(nm.DNS.CertDomains) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return nm.DNS.CertDomains[0]
+}
+
+func updateServeConfig(ctx context.Context, sc *ipn.ServeConfig, certDomain string, lc *tailscale.LocalClient) error {
+	// TODO(irbekrm): This means that serve config that does not expose HTTPS endpoint will not be set for a tailnet
+	// that does not have HTTPS enabled. We probably want to fix this.
+	if certDomain == kubetypes.ValueNoHTTPS {
+		return nil
+	}
+	log.Printf("serve proxy: applying serve config")
+	return lc.SetServeConfig(ctx, sc)
+}
+
+func validateHTTPSServe(certDomain string, sc *ipn.ServeConfig) {
+	if certDomain != kubetypes.ValueNoHTTPS || !hasHTTPSEndpoint(sc) {
+		return
+	}
+	log.Printf(
+		`serve proxy: this node is configured as a proxy that exposes an HTTPS endpoint to tailnet,
+		(perhaps a Kubernetes operator Ingress proxy) but it is not able to issue TLS certs, so this will likely not work.
+		To make it work, ensure that HTTPS is enabled for your tailnet, see https://tailscale.com/kb/1153/enabling-https for more details.`)
+}
+
+func hasHTTPSEndpoint(cfg *ipn.ServeConfig) bool {
+	for _, tcpCfg := range cfg.TCP {
+		if tcpCfg.HTTPS {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // readServeConfig reads the ipn.ServeConfig from path, replacing
 // ${TS_CERT_DOMAIN} with certDomain.
 func readServeConfig(path, certDomain string) (*ipn.ServeConfig, error) {

cmd/containerboot/settings.go

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ type settings struct {
 	DaemonExtraArgs               string
 	ExtraArgs                     string
 	InKubernetes                  bool
+	State                         string
 	UserspaceMode                 bool
 	StateDir                      string
 	AcceptDNS                     *bool
@@ -67,18 +68,16 @@ type settings struct {
 	PodIP               string
 	PodIPv4             string
 	PodIPv6             string
-	HealthCheckAddrPort string // TODO(tomhjp): use the local addr/port instead.
+	PodUID              string
+	HealthCheckAddrPort string
 	LocalAddrPort       string
 	MetricsEnabled      bool
+	HealthCheckEnabled  bool
 	DebugAddrPort       string
 	EgressSvcsCfgPath   string
 }
 
 func configFromEnv() (*settings, error) {
-	defaultLocalAddrPort := ""
-	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv("POD_IP"); ok && v != "" {
-		defaultLocalAddrPort = fmt.Sprintf("%s:9002", v)
-	}
 	cfg := &settings{
 		AuthKey:                               defaultEnvs([]string{"TS_AUTHKEY", "TS_AUTH_KEY"}, ""),
 		Hostname:                              defaultEnv("TS_HOSTNAME", ""),
@@ -91,6 +90,7 @@ func configFromEnv() (*settings, error) {
 		DaemonExtraArgs:                       defaultEnv("TS_TAILSCALED_EXTRA_ARGS", ""),
 		ExtraArgs:                             defaultEnv("TS_EXTRA_ARGS", ""),
 		InKubernetes:                          os.Getenv("KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST") != "",
+		State:                                 defaultEnv("TS_STATE", ""),
 		UserspaceMode:                         defaultBool("TS_USERSPACE", true),
 		StateDir:                              defaultEnv("TS_STATE_DIR", ""),
 		AcceptDNS:                             defaultEnvBoolPointer("TS_ACCEPT_DNS"),
@@ -105,11 +105,26 @@ func configFromEnv() (*settings, error) {
 		PodIP:                                 defaultEnv("POD_IP", ""),
 		EnableForwardingOptimizations:         defaultBool("TS_EXPERIMENTAL_ENABLE_FORWARDING_OPTIMIZATIONS", false),
 		HealthCheckAddrPort:                   defaultEnv("TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT", ""),
-		LocalAddrPort:                         defaultEnv("TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT", defaultLocalAddrPort),
-		MetricsEnabled:                        defaultBool("TS_METRICS_ENABLED", false),
+		LocalAddrPort:                         defaultEnv("TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT", "[::]:9002"),
+		MetricsEnabled:                        defaultBool("TS_ENABLE_METRICS", false),
+		HealthCheckEnabled:                    defaultBool("TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK", false),
 		DebugAddrPort:                         defaultEnv("TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT", ""),
 		EgressSvcsCfgPath:                     defaultEnv("TS_EGRESS_SERVICES_CONFIG_PATH", ""),
+		PodUID:                                defaultEnv("POD_UID", ""),
 	}
+
+	if cfg.State == "" {
+		if cfg.InKubernetes && cfg.KubeSecret != "" {
+			cfg.State = "kube:" + cfg.KubeSecret
+		} else {
+			cfg.State = "mem:"
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(cfg.State, "mem:") && !strings.HasPrefix(cfg.State, "kube:") && !strings.HasPrefix(cfg.State, "ssm:") {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid TS_STATE value %q; must start with 'mem:', 'kube:', or 'ssm:'", cfg.State)
+	}
+
 	podIPs, ok := os.LookupEnv("POD_IPS")
 	if ok {
 		ips := strings.Split(podIPs, ",")
@@ -135,6 +150,35 @@ func configFromEnv() (*settings, error) {
 }
 
 func (s *settings) validate() error {
+
+	// Validate TS_STATE if set
+	if s.State != "" {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(s.State, "mem:") && 
+		   !strings.HasPrefix(s.State, "kube:") && 
+		   !strings.HasPrefix(s.State, "ssm:") {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid TS_STATE value %q; must start with 'mem:', 'kube:', or 'ssm:'", s.State)
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasPrefix(s.State, "kube:") && !s.InKubernetes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("TS_STATE specifies Kubernetes state but the runtime environment is not Kubernetes")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check legacy settings and ensure no conflicts if TS_STATE is set
+	if s.State != "" {
+		if s.KubeSecret != "" {
+			log.Printf("[warning] TS_STATE is set; ignoring legacy TS_KUBE_SECRET")
+		}
+		if s.StateDir != "" {
+			log.Printf("[warning] TS_STATE is set; ignoring legacy TS_STATE_DIR")
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Fallback to legacy checks if TS_STATE is not set
+		if s.KubeSecret != "" && !s.InKubernetes {
+			return fmt.Errorf("TS_KUBE_SECRET is set but the runtime environment is not Kubernetes")
+		}
+	}
+
 	if s.TailscaledConfigFilePath != "" {
 		dir, file := path.Split(s.TailscaledConfigFilePath)
 		if _, err := os.Stat(dir); err != nil {
@@ -181,11 +225,12 @@ func (s *settings) validate() error {
 		return errors.New("TS_EXPERIMENTAL_ENABLE_FORWARDING_OPTIMIZATIONS is not supported in userspace mode")
 	}
 	if s.HealthCheckAddrPort != "" {
+		log.Printf("[warning] TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT is deprecated and will be removed in 1.82.0. Please use TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK and optionally TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT instead.")
 		if _, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(s.HealthCheckAddrPort); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing TS_HEALTH_CHECK_ADDR_PORT value %q: %w", s.HealthCheckAddrPort, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT value %q: %w", s.HealthCheckAddrPort, err)
 		}
 	}
-	if s.LocalAddrPort != "" {
+	if s.localMetricsEnabled() || s.localHealthEnabled() {
 		if _, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(s.LocalAddrPort); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT value %q: %w", s.LocalAddrPort, err)
 		}
@@ -195,13 +240,20 @@ func (s *settings) validate() error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("error parsing TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT value %q: %w", s.DebugAddrPort, err)
 		}
 	}
+	if s.HealthCheckEnabled && s.HealthCheckAddrPort != "" {
+		return errors.New("TS_HEALTHCHECK_ADDR_PORT is deprecated and will be removed in 1.82.0, use TS_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECK and optionally TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT")
+	}
+	if s.EgressSvcsCfgPath != "" && !(s.InKubernetes && s.KubeSecret != "") {
+		return errors.New("TS_EGRESS_SERVICES_CONFIG_PATH is only supported for Tailscale running on Kubernetes")
+	}
+	
 	return nil
 }
 
 // setupKube is responsible for doing any necessary configuration and checks to
 // ensure that tailscale state storage and authentication mechanism will work on
 // Kubernetes.
-func (cfg *settings) setupKube(ctx context.Context) error {
+func (cfg *settings) setupKube(ctx context.Context, kc *kubeClient) error {
 	if cfg.KubeSecret == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -210,6 +262,7 @@ func (cfg *settings) setupKube(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("some Kubernetes permissions are missing, please check your RBAC configuration: %v", err)
 	}
 	cfg.KubernetesCanPatch = canPatch
+	kc.canPatch = canPatch
 
 	s, err := kc.GetSecret(ctx, cfg.KubeSecret)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -292,6 +345,14 @@ func hasKubeStateStore(cfg *settings) bool {
 	return cfg.InKubernetes && cfg.KubernetesCanPatch && cfg.KubeSecret != ""
 }
 
+func (cfg *settings) localMetricsEnabled() bool {
+	return cfg.LocalAddrPort != "" && cfg.MetricsEnabled
+}
+
+func (cfg *settings) localHealthEnabled() bool {
+	return cfg.LocalAddrPort != "" && cfg.HealthCheckEnabled
+}
+
 // defaultEnv returns the value of the given envvar name, or defVal if
 // unset.
 func defaultEnv(name, defVal string) string {

cmd/containerboot/tailscaled.go

@@ -62,17 +62,22 @@ func startTailscaled(ctx context.Context, cfg *settings) (*tailscale.LocalClient
 // tailscaledArgs uses cfg to construct the argv for tailscaled.
 func tailscaledArgs(cfg *settings) []string {
 	args := []string{"--socket=" + cfg.Socket}
-	switch {
-	case cfg.InKubernetes && cfg.KubeSecret != "":
-		args = append(args, "--state=kube:"+cfg.KubeSecret)
-		if cfg.StateDir == "" {
-			cfg.StateDir = "/tmp"
+	if cfg.State != "" {
+		args = append(args, "--state="+cfg.State)
+	} else {
+		// Fallback logic for legacy state configuration
+		switch {
+		case cfg.InKubernetes && cfg.KubeSecret != "":
+			args = append(args, "--state=kube:"+cfg.KubeSecret)
+			if cfg.StateDir == "" {
+				cfg.StateDir = "/tmp"
+			}
+			fallthrough
+		case cfg.StateDir != "":
+			args = append(args, "--statedir="+cfg.StateDir)
+		default:
+			args = append(args, "--state=mem:", "--statedir=/tmp")
 		}
-		fallthrough
-	case cfg.StateDir != "":
-		args = append(args, "--statedir="+cfg.StateDir)
-	default:
-		args = append(args, "--state=mem:", "--statedir=/tmp")
 	}
 
 	if cfg.UserspaceMode {

cmd/derper/cert.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
@@ -53,8 +54,9 @@ func certProviderByCertMode(mode, dir, hostname string) (certProvider, error) {
 }
 
 type manualCertManager struct {
-	cert     *tls.Certificate
-	hostname string
+	cert       *tls.Certificate
+	hostname   string // hostname or IP address of server
+	noHostname bool   // whether hostname is an IP address
 }
 
 // NewManualCertManager returns a cert provider which read certificate by given hostname on create.
@@ -74,7 +76,11 @@ func NewManualCertManager(certdir, hostname string) (certProvider, error) {
 	if err := x509Cert.VerifyHostname(hostname); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cert invalid for hostname %q: %w", hostname, err)
 	}
-	return &manualCertManager{cert: &cert, hostname: hostname}, nil
+	return &manualCertManager{
+		cert:       &cert,
+		hostname:   hostname,
+		noHostname: net.ParseIP(hostname) != nil,
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func (m *manualCertManager) TLSConfig() *tls.Config {
@@ -88,7 +94,7 @@ func (m *manualCertManager) TLSConfig() *tls.Config {
 }
 
 func (m *manualCertManager) getCertificate(hi *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error) {
-	if hi.ServerName != m.hostname {
+	if hi.ServerName != m.hostname && !m.noHostname {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cert mismatch with hostname: %q", hi.ServerName)
 	}
 

cmd/derper/cert_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"math/big"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Verify that in --certmode=manual mode, we can use a bare IP address
+// as the --hostname and that GetCertificate will return it.
+func TestCertIP(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	const hostname = "1.2.3.4"
+
+	priv, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P224(), rand.Reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	serialNumberLimit := new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 128)
+	serialNumber, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, serialNumberLimit)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ip := net.ParseIP(hostname)
+	if ip == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid IP address %q", hostname)
+	}
+	template := &x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: serialNumber,
+		Subject: pkix.Name{
+			Organization: []string{"Tailscale Test Corp"},
+		},
+		NotBefore: time.Now(),
+		NotAfter:  time.Now().Add(30 * 24 * time.Hour),
+
+		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature,
+		ExtKeyUsage:           []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
+		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
+		IPAddresses:           []net.IP{ip},
+	}
+	derBytes, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, template, template, &priv.PublicKey, priv)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	certOut, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(dir, hostname+".crt"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := pem.Encode(certOut, &pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: derBytes}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to write data to cert.pem: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := certOut.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Error closing cert.pem: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	keyOut, err := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(dir, hostname+".key"), os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	privBytes, err := x509.MarshalPKCS8PrivateKey(priv)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to marshal private key: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := pem.Encode(keyOut, &pem.Block{Type: "PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privBytes}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to write data to key.pem: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := keyOut.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Error closing key.pem: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	cp, err := certProviderByCertMode("manual", dir, hostname)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	back, err := cp.TLSConfig().GetCertificate(&tls.ClientHelloInfo{
+		ServerName: "", // no SNI
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GetCertificate: %v", err)
+	}
+	if back == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GetCertificate returned nil")
+	}
+}

cmd/derper/derper.go

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ var (
 	configPath  = flag.String("c", "", "config file path")
 	certMode    = flag.String("certmode", "letsencrypt", "mode for getting a cert. possible options: manual, letsencrypt")
 	certDir     = flag.String("certdir", tsweb.DefaultCertDir("derper-certs"), "directory to store LetsEncrypt certs, if addr's port is :443")
-	hostname    = flag.String("hostname", "derp.tailscale.com", "LetsEncrypt host name, if addr's port is :443")
+	hostname    = flag.String("hostname", "derp.tailscale.com", "LetsEncrypt host name, if addr's port is :443. When --certmode=manual, this can be an IP address to avoid SNI checks")
 	runSTUN     = flag.Bool("stun", true, "whether to run a STUN server. It will bind to the same IP (if any) as the --addr flag value.")
 	runDERP     = flag.Bool("derp", true, "whether to run a DERP server. The only reason to set this false is if you're decommissioning a server but want to keep its bootstrap DNS functionality still running.")
 

cmd/derper/derper_test.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package main
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"strings"
@@ -138,5 +137,4 @@ func TestTemplate(t *testing.T) {
 	if !strings.Contains(str, "Debug info") {
 		t.Error("Output is missing debug info")
 	}
-	fmt.Println(buf.String())
 }

cmd/get-authkey/main.go

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ func main() {
 		ClientID:     clientID,
 		ClientSecret: clientSecret,
 		TokenURL:     baseURL + "/api/v2/oauth/token",
-		Scopes:       []string{"device"},
 	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()

cmd/gitops-pusher/gitops-pusher.go

@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ func apply(cache *Cache, client *http.Client, tailnet, apiKey string) func(conte
 		}
 
 		if cache.PrevETag == "" {
-			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming local file is correct and recording that")
-			cache.PrevETag = localEtag
+			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming the latest control etag")
+			cache.PrevETag = controlEtag
 		}
 
 		log.Printf("control: %s", controlEtag)
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ func test(cache *Cache, client *http.Client, tailnet, apiKey string) func(contex
 		}
 
 		if cache.PrevETag == "" {
-			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming local file is correct and recording that")
-			cache.PrevETag = localEtag
+			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming the latest control etag")
+			cache.PrevETag = controlEtag
 		}
 
 		log.Printf("control: %s", controlEtag)
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ func getChecksums(cache *Cache, client *http.Client, tailnet, apiKey string) fun
 		}
 
 		if cache.PrevETag == "" {
-			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming local file is correct and recording that")
-			cache.PrevETag = Shuck(localEtag)
+			log.Println("no previous etag found, assuming control etag")
+			cache.PrevETag = Shuck(controlEtag)
 		}
 
 		log.Printf("control: %s", controlEtag)

cmd/k8s-operator/connector.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	reasonConnectorCreationFailed = "ConnectorCreationFailed"
+	reasonConnectorCreating       = "ConnectorCreating"
 	reasonConnectorCreated        = "ConnectorCreated"
 	reasonConnectorInvalid        = "ConnectorInvalid"
 
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ func (a *ConnectorReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Reque
 	setStatus := func(cn *tsapi.Connector, _ tsapi.ConditionType, status metav1.ConditionStatus, reason, message string) (reconcile.Result, error) {
 		tsoperator.SetConnectorCondition(cn, tsapi.ConnectorReady, status, reason, message, cn.Generation, a.clock, logger)
 		var updateErr error
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldCnStatus, cn.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldCnStatus, &cn.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			updateErr = a.Client.Status().Update(ctx, cn)
 		}
@@ -134,17 +136,24 @@ func (a *ConnectorReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Reque
 	}
 
 	if err := a.validate(cn); err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("error validating Connector spec: %w", err)
 		message := fmt.Sprintf(messageConnectorInvalid, err)
 		a.recorder.Eventf(cn, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonConnectorInvalid, message)
 		return setStatus(cn, tsapi.ConnectorReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonConnectorInvalid, message)
 	}
 
 	if err = a.maybeProvisionConnector(ctx, logger, cn); err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("error creating Connector resources: %w", err)
+		reason := reasonConnectorCreationFailed
 		message := fmt.Sprintf(messageConnectorCreationFailed, err)
-		a.recorder.Eventf(cn, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonConnectorCreationFailed, message)
-		return setStatus(cn, tsapi.ConnectorReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonConnectorCreationFailed, message)
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			reason = reasonConnectorCreating
+			message = fmt.Sprintf("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+			err = nil
+			logger.Info(message)
+		} else {
+			a.recorder.Eventf(cn, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reason, message)
+		}
+
+		return setStatus(cn, tsapi.ConnectorReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reason, message)
 	}
 
 	logger.Info("Connector resources synced")
@@ -189,6 +198,7 @@ func (a *ConnectorReconciler) maybeProvisionConnector(ctx context.Context, logge
 			isExitNode: cn.Spec.ExitNode,
 		},
 		ProxyClassName: proxyClass,
+		proxyType:      proxyTypeConnector,
 	}
 
 	if cn.Spec.SubnetRouter != nil && len(cn.Spec.SubnetRouter.AdvertiseRoutes) > 0 {
@@ -233,27 +243,27 @@ func (a *ConnectorReconciler) maybeProvisionConnector(ctx context.Context, logge
 		return err
 	}
 
-	_, tsHost, ips, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl)
+	dev, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if tsHost == "" {
-		logger.Debugf("no Tailscale hostname known yet, waiting for connector pod to finish auth")
+	if dev == nil || dev.hostname == "" {
+		logger.Debugf("no Tailscale hostname known yet, waiting for Connector Pod to finish auth")
 		// No hostname yet. Wait for the connector pod to auth.
 		cn.Status.TailnetIPs = nil
 		cn.Status.Hostname = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	cn.Status.TailnetIPs = ips
-	cn.Status.Hostname = tsHost
+	cn.Status.TailnetIPs = dev.ips
+	cn.Status.Hostname = dev.hostname
 
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (a *ConnectorReconciler) maybeCleanupConnector(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, cn *tsapi.Connector) (bool, error) {
-	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(cn.Name, a.tsnamespace, "connector")); err != nil {
+	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(cn.Name, a.tsnamespace, "connector"), proxyTypeConnector); err != nil {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to cleanup Connector resources: %w", err)
 	} else if !done {
 		logger.Debugf("Connector cleanup not done yet, waiting for next reconcile")

cmd/k8s-operator/depaware.txt

@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ tailscale.com/cmd/k8s-operator dependencies: (generated by github.com/tailscale/
         k8s.io/api/storage/v1beta1                                   from k8s.io/client-go/applyconfigurations/storage/v1beta1+
         k8s.io/api/storagemigration/v1alpha1                         from k8s.io/client-go/applyconfigurations/storagemigration/v1alpha1+
         k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions        from k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1
-     💣 k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1     from sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/webhook/conversion
+     💣 k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1     from sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/webhook/conversion+
         k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/equality                         from k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1+
         k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors                           from k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/managedfields/internal+
         k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/meta                             from k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/validation+

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/chart/templates/deployment.yaml

@@ -35,9 +35,13 @@ spec:
         {{- toYaml . | nindent 8 }}
       {{- end }}
       volumes:
-      - name: oauth
-        secret:
-          secretName: operator-oauth
+        - name: oauth
+          {{- with .Values.oauthSecretVolume }}
+          {{- toYaml . | nindent 10 }}
+          {{- else }}
+          secret:
+            secretName: operator-oauth
+          {{- end }}
       containers:
         - name: operator
           {{- with .Values.operatorConfig.securityContext }}

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/chart/templates/operator-rbac.yaml

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ kind: ServiceAccount
 metadata:
   name: operator
   namespace: {{ .Release.Namespace }}
+  {{- with .Values.operatorConfig.serviceAccountAnnotations }}
+  annotations:
+    {{- toYaml . | nindent 4 }}
+  {{- end }}
 ---
 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
 kind: ClusterRole
@@ -30,6 +34,10 @@ rules:
 - apiGroups: ["tailscale.com"]
   resources: ["recorders", "recorders/status"]
   verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
+- apiGroups: ["apiextensions.k8s.io"]
+  resources: ["customresourcedefinitions"]
+  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
+  resourceNames: ["servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com"]
 ---
 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
@@ -65,6 +73,9 @@ rules:
 - apiGroups: ["rbac.authorization.k8s.io"]
   resources: ["roles", "rolebindings"]
   verbs: ["get", "create", "patch", "update", "list", "watch"]
+- apiGroups: ["monitoring.coreos.com"]
+  resources: ["servicemonitors"]
+  verbs: ["get", "list", "update", "create", "delete"]
 ---
 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
 kind: RoleBinding

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/chart/values.yaml

@@ -3,11 +3,26 @@
 
 # Operator oauth credentials. If set a Kubernetes Secret with the provided
 # values will be created in the operator namespace. If unset a Secret named
-# operator-oauth must be precreated.
+# operator-oauth must be precreated or oauthSecretVolume needs to be adjusted.
+# This block will be overridden by oauthSecretVolume, if set.
 oauth: {}
   # clientId: ""
   # clientSecret: ""
 
+# Secret volume.
+# If set it defines the volume the oauth secrets will be mounted from.
+# The volume needs to contain two files named `client_id` and `client_secret`.
+# If unset the volume will reference the Secret named operator-oauth.
+# This block will override the oauth block.
+oauthSecretVolume: {}
+  # csi:
+  #   driver: secrets-store.csi.k8s.io
+  #   readOnly: true
+  #   volumeAttributes:
+  #     secretProviderClass: tailscale-oauth
+  #
+  ## NAME is pre-defined!
+
 # installCRDs determines whether tailscale.com CRDs should be installed as part
 # of chart installation. We do not use Helm's CRD installation mechanism as that
 # does not allow for upgrading CRDs.
@@ -40,6 +55,9 @@ operatorConfig:
   podAnnotations: {}
   podLabels: {}
 
+  serviceAccountAnnotations: {}
+  # eks.amazonaws.com/role-arn: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/tailscale-operator-role
+
   tolerations: []
 
   affinity: {}

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/crds/tailscale.com_proxyclasses.yaml

@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ spec:
                       description: |-
                         Setting enable to true will make the proxy serve Tailscale metrics
                         at <pod-ip>:9002/metrics.
+                        A metrics Service named <proxy-statefulset>-metrics will also be created in the operator's namespace and will
+                        serve the metrics at <service-ip>:9002/metrics.
 
                         In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, this field also serves as the default value for
                         .spec.statefulSet.pod.tailscaleContainer.debug.enable. From 1.82.0, both
@@ -81,6 +83,25 @@ spec:
 
                         Defaults to false.
                       type: boolean
+                    serviceMonitor:
+                      description: |-
+                        Enable to create a Prometheus ServiceMonitor for scraping the proxy's Tailscale metrics.
+                        The ServiceMonitor will select the metrics Service that gets created when metrics are enabled.
+                        The ingested metrics for each Service monitor will have labels to identify the proxy:
+                        ts_proxy_type: ingress_service|ingress_resource|connector|proxygroup
+                        ts_proxy_parent_name: name of the parent resource (i.e name of the Connector, Tailscale Ingress, Tailscale Service or ProxyGroup)
+                        ts_proxy_parent_namespace: namespace of the parent resource (if the parent resource is not cluster scoped)
+                        job: ts_<proxy type>_[<parent namespace>]_<parent_name>
+                      type: object
+                      required:
+                        - enable
+                      properties:
+                        enable:
+                          description: If Enable is set to true, a Prometheus ServiceMonitor will be created. Enable can only be set to true if metrics are enabled.
+                          type: boolean
+                  x-kubernetes-validations:
+                    - rule: '!(has(self.serviceMonitor) && self.serviceMonitor.enable  && !self.enable)'
+                      message: ServiceMonitor can only be enabled if metrics are enabled
                 statefulSet:
                   description: |-
                     Configuration parameters for the proxy's StatefulSet. Tailscale
@@ -1384,11 +1405,12 @@ spec:
                             securityContext:
                               description: |-
                                 Container security context.
-                                Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.
-                                By default the operator:
-                                - sets 'privileged: true' for the init container
-                                - set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that
-                                are created for Services or Connector.
+                                Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.
+                                By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged
+                                for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.
+                                You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by
+                                installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created
+                                by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752
                                 https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context
                               type: object
                               properties:
@@ -1707,11 +1729,12 @@ spec:
                             securityContext:
                               description: |-
                                 Container security context.
-                                Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.
-                                By default the operator:
-                                - sets 'privileged: true' for the init container
-                                - set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that
-                                are created for Services or Connector.
+                                Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.
+                                By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged
+                                for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.
+                                You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by
+                                installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created
+                                by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752
                                 https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context
                               type: object
                               properties:

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/manifests/operator.yaml

@@ -541,6 +541,8 @@ spec:
                                         description: |-
                                             Setting enable to true will make the proxy serve Tailscale metrics
                                             at <pod-ip>:9002/metrics.
+                                            A metrics Service named <proxy-statefulset>-metrics will also be created in the operator's namespace and will
+                                            serve the metrics at <service-ip>:9002/metrics.
 
                                             In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, this field also serves as the default value for
                                             .spec.statefulSet.pod.tailscaleContainer.debug.enable. From 1.82.0, both
@@ -548,9 +550,28 @@ spec:
 
                                             Defaults to false.
                                         type: boolean
+                                    serviceMonitor:
+                                        description: |-
+                                            Enable to create a Prometheus ServiceMonitor for scraping the proxy's Tailscale metrics.
+                                            The ServiceMonitor will select the metrics Service that gets created when metrics are enabled.
+                                            The ingested metrics for each Service monitor will have labels to identify the proxy:
+                                            ts_proxy_type: ingress_service|ingress_resource|connector|proxygroup
+                                            ts_proxy_parent_name: name of the parent resource (i.e name of the Connector, Tailscale Ingress, Tailscale Service or ProxyGroup)
+                                            ts_proxy_parent_namespace: namespace of the parent resource (if the parent resource is not cluster scoped)
+                                            job: ts_<proxy type>_[<parent namespace>]_<parent_name>
+                                        properties:
+                                            enable:
+                                                description: If Enable is set to true, a Prometheus ServiceMonitor will be created. Enable can only be set to true if metrics are enabled.
+                                                type: boolean
+                                        required:
+                                            - enable
+                                        type: object
                                 required:
                                     - enable
                                 type: object
+                                x-kubernetes-validations:
+                                    - message: ServiceMonitor can only be enabled if metrics are enabled
+                                      rule: '!(has(self.serviceMonitor) && self.serviceMonitor.enable  && !self.enable)'
                             statefulSet:
                                 description: |-
                                     Configuration parameters for the proxy's StatefulSet. Tailscale
@@ -1851,11 +1872,12 @@ spec:
                                                     securityContext:
                                                         description: |-
                                                             Container security context.
-                                                            Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.
-                                                            By default the operator:
-                                                            - sets 'privileged: true' for the init container
-                                                            - set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that
-                                                            are created for Services or Connector.
+                                                            Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.
+                                                            By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged
+                                                            for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.
+                                                            You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by
+                                                            installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created
+                                                            by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752
                                                             https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context
                                                         properties:
                                                             allowPrivilegeEscalation:
@@ -2174,11 +2196,12 @@ spec:
                                                     securityContext:
                                                         description: |-
                                                             Container security context.
-                                                            Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.
-                                                            By default the operator:
-                                                            - sets 'privileged: true' for the init container
-                                                            - set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that
-                                                            are created for Services or Connector.
+                                                            Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.
+                                                            By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged
+                                                            for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.
+                                                            You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by
+                                                            installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created
+                                                            by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752
                                                             https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context
                                                         properties:
                                                             allowPrivilegeEscalation:
@@ -4646,6 +4669,16 @@ rules:
         - list
         - watch
         - update
+    - apiGroups:
+        - apiextensions.k8s.io
+      resourceNames:
+        - servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com
+      resources:
+        - customresourcedefinitions
+      verbs:
+        - get
+        - list
+        - watch
 ---
 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
@@ -4726,6 +4759,16 @@ rules:
         - update
         - list
         - watch
+    - apiGroups:
+        - monitoring.coreos.com
+      resources:
+        - servicemonitors
+      verbs:
+        - get
+        - list
+        - update
+        - create
+        - delete
 ---
 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
 kind: Role

cmd/k8s-operator/deploy/manifests/proxy.yaml

@@ -39,6 +39,4 @@ spec:
                 fieldRef:
                   fieldPath: metadata.uid
           securityContext:
-            capabilities:
-              add:
-                - NET_ADMIN
+            privileged: true

cmd/k8s-operator/dnsrecords.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
@@ -98,7 +99,15 @@ func (dnsRR *dnsRecordsReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.
 		return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 	}
 
-	return reconcile.Result{}, dnsRR.maybeProvision(ctx, headlessSvc, logger)
+	if err := dnsRR.maybeProvision(ctx, headlessSvc, logger); err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			logger.Infof("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+		} else {
+			return reconcile.Result{}, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 }
 
 // maybeProvision ensures that dnsrecords ConfigMap contains a record for the

cmd/k8s-operator/e2e/ingress_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+package e2e
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/wait"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/config"
+	kube "tailscale.com/k8s-operator"
+	"tailscale.com/tstest"
+)
+
+// See [TestMain] for test requirements.
+func TestIngress(t *testing.T) {
+	if tsClient == nil {
+		t.Skip("TestIngress requires credentials for a tailscale client")
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cfg := config.GetConfigOrDie()
+	cl, err := client.New(cfg, client.Options{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Apply nginx
+	createAndCleanup(t, ctx, cl, &corev1.Pod{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "nginx",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"app.kubernetes.io/name": "nginx",
+			},
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.PodSpec{
+			Containers: []corev1.Container{
+				{
+					Name:  "nginx",
+					Image: "nginx",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	// Apply service to expose it as ingress
+	svc := &corev1.Service{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "test-ingress",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"tailscale.com/expose": "true",
+			},
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.ServiceSpec{
+			Selector: map[string]string{
+				"app.kubernetes.io/name": "nginx",
+			},
+			Ports: []corev1.ServicePort{
+				{
+					Name:     "http",
+					Protocol: "TCP",
+					Port:     80,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	createAndCleanup(t, ctx, cl, svc)
+
+	// TODO: instead of timing out only when test times out, cancel context after 60s or so.
+	if err := wait.PollUntilContextCancel(ctx, time.Millisecond*100, true, func(ctx context.Context) (done bool, err error) {
+		maybeReadySvc := &corev1.Service{ObjectMeta: objectMeta("default", "test-ingress")}
+		if err := get(ctx, cl, maybeReadySvc); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		isReady := kube.SvcIsReady(maybeReadySvc)
+		if isReady {
+			t.Log("Service is ready")
+		}
+		return isReady, nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error waiting for the Service to become Ready: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var resp *http.Response
+	if err := tstest.WaitFor(time.Second*60, func() error {
+		// TODO(tomhjp): Get the tailnet DNS name from the associated secret instead.
+		// If we are not the first tailnet node with the requested name, we'll get
+		// a -N suffix.
+		resp, err = tsClient.HTTPClient.Get(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s-%s:80", svc.Namespace, svc.Name))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error trying to reach service: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected status: %v; response body s", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/e2e/main_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+package e2e
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/go-logr/zapr"
+	"github.com/tailscale/hujson"
+	"go.uber.org/zap/zapcore"
+	"golang.org/x/oauth2/clientcredentials"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
+	logf "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/log"
+	kzap "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/log/zap"
+	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
+)
+
+const (
+	e2eManagedComment = "// This is managed by the k8s-operator e2e tests"
+)
+
+var (
+	tsClient   *tailscale.Client
+	testGrants = map[string]string{
+		"test-proxy": `{
+			"src": ["tag:e2e-test-proxy"],
+			"dst": ["tag:k8s-operator"],
+			"app": {
+				"tailscale.com/cap/kubernetes": [{
+					"impersonate": {
+						"groups": ["ts:e2e-test-proxy"],
+					},
+				}],
+			},
+		}`,
+	}
+)
+
+// This test suite is currently not run in CI.
+// It requires some setup not handled by this code:
+// - Kubernetes cluster with tailscale operator installed
+// - Current kubeconfig context set to connect to that cluster (directly, no operator proxy)
+// - Operator installed with --set apiServerProxyConfig.mode="true"
+// - ACLs that define tag:e2e-test-proxy tag. TODO(tomhjp): Can maybe replace this prereq onwards with an API key
+// - OAuth client ID and secret in TS_API_CLIENT_ID and TS_API_CLIENT_SECRET env
+// - OAuth client must have auth_keys and policy_file write for tag:e2e-test-proxy tag
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	code, err := runTests(m)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	os.Exit(code)
+}
+
+func runTests(m *testing.M) (int, error) {
+	zlog := kzap.NewRaw([]kzap.Opts{kzap.UseDevMode(true), kzap.Level(zapcore.DebugLevel)}...).Sugar()
+	logf.SetLogger(zapr.NewLogger(zlog.Desugar()))
+	tailscale.I_Acknowledge_This_API_Is_Unstable = true
+
+	if clientID := os.Getenv("TS_API_CLIENT_ID"); clientID != "" {
+		cleanup, err := setupClientAndACLs()
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			err = errors.Join(err, cleanup())
+		}()
+	}
+
+	return m.Run(), nil
+}
+
+func setupClientAndACLs() (cleanup func() error, _ error) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	credentials := clientcredentials.Config{
+		ClientID:     os.Getenv("TS_API_CLIENT_ID"),
+		ClientSecret: os.Getenv("TS_API_CLIENT_SECRET"),
+		TokenURL:     "https://login.tailscale.com/api/v2/oauth/token",
+		Scopes:       []string{"auth_keys", "policy_file"},
+	}
+	tsClient = tailscale.NewClient("-", nil)
+	tsClient.HTTPClient = credentials.Client(ctx)
+
+	if err := patchACLs(ctx, tsClient, func(acls *hujson.Value) {
+		for test, grant := range testGrants {
+			deleteTestGrants(test, acls)
+			addTestGrant(test, grant, acls)
+		}
+	}); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return func() error {
+		return patchACLs(ctx, tsClient, func(acls *hujson.Value) {
+			for test := range testGrants {
+				deleteTestGrants(test, acls)
+			}
+		})
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func patchACLs(ctx context.Context, tsClient *tailscale.Client, patchFn func(*hujson.Value)) error {
+	acls, err := tsClient.ACLHuJSON(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	hj, err := hujson.Parse([]byte(acls.ACL))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	patchFn(&hj)
+
+	hj.Format()
+	acls.ACL = hj.String()
+	if _, err := tsClient.SetACLHuJSON(ctx, *acls, true); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func addTestGrant(test, grant string, acls *hujson.Value) error {
+	v, err := hujson.Parse([]byte(grant))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Add the managed comment to the first line of the grant object contents.
+	v.Value.(*hujson.Object).Members[0].Name.BeforeExtra = hujson.Extra(fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s\n", e2eManagedComment, test))
+
+	if err := acls.Patch([]byte(fmt.Sprintf(`[{"op": "add", "path": "/grants/-", "value": %s}]`, v.String()))); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func deleteTestGrants(test string, acls *hujson.Value) error {
+	grants := acls.Find("/grants")
+
+	var patches []string
+	for i, g := range grants.Value.(*hujson.Array).Elements {
+		members := g.Value.(*hujson.Object).Members
+		if len(members) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		comment := strings.TrimSpace(string(members[0].Name.BeforeExtra))
+		if name, found := strings.CutPrefix(comment, e2eManagedComment+": "); found && name == test {
+			patches = append(patches, fmt.Sprintf(`{"op": "remove", "path": "/grants/%d"}`, i))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Remove in reverse order so we don't affect the found indices as we mutate.
+	slices.Reverse(patches)
+
+	if err := acls.Patch([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", strings.Join(patches, ",")))); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func objectMeta(namespace, name string) metav1.ObjectMeta {
+	return metav1.ObjectMeta{
+		Namespace: namespace,
+		Name:      name,
+	}
+}
+
+func createAndCleanup(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, cl client.Client, obj client.Object) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := cl.Create(ctx, obj); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if err := cl.Delete(ctx, obj); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("error cleaning up %s %s/%s: %s", obj.GetObjectKind().GroupVersionKind(), obj.GetNamespace(), obj.GetName(), err)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func get(ctx context.Context, cl client.Client, obj client.Object) error {
+	return cl.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(obj), obj)
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/e2e/proxy_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+package e2e
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	rbacv1 "k8s.io/api/rbac/v1"
+	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
+	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/config"
+	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
+	"tailscale.com/tsnet"
+	"tailscale.com/tstest"
+)
+
+// See [TestMain] for test requirements.
+func TestProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	if tsClient == nil {
+		t.Skip("TestProxy requires credentials for a tailscale client")
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cfg := config.GetConfigOrDie()
+	cl, err := client.New(cfg, client.Options{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Create role and role binding to allow a group we'll impersonate to do stuff.
+	createAndCleanup(t, ctx, cl, &rbacv1.Role{
+		ObjectMeta: objectMeta("tailscale", "read-secrets"),
+		Rules: []rbacv1.PolicyRule{{
+			APIGroups: []string{""},
+			Verbs:     []string{"get"},
+			Resources: []string{"secrets"},
+		}},
+	})
+	createAndCleanup(t, ctx, cl, &rbacv1.RoleBinding{
+		ObjectMeta: objectMeta("tailscale", "read-secrets"),
+		Subjects: []rbacv1.Subject{{
+			Kind: "Group",
+			Name: "ts:e2e-test-proxy",
+		}},
+		RoleRef: rbacv1.RoleRef{
+			Kind: "Role",
+			Name: "read-secrets",
+		},
+	})
+
+	// Get operator host name from kube secret.
+	operatorSecret := corev1.Secret{
+		ObjectMeta: objectMeta("tailscale", "operator"),
+	}
+	if err := get(ctx, cl, &operatorSecret); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Connect to tailnet with test-specific tag so we can use the
+	// [testGrants] ACLs when connecting to the API server proxy
+	ts := tsnetServerWithTag(t, ctx, "tag:e2e-test-proxy")
+	proxyCfg := &rest.Config{
+		Host: fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:443", hostNameFromOperatorSecret(t, operatorSecret)),
+		Dial: ts.Dial,
+	}
+	proxyCl, err := client.New(proxyCfg, client.Options{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Expect success.
+	allowedSecret := corev1.Secret{
+		ObjectMeta: objectMeta("tailscale", "operator"),
+	}
+	// Wait for up to a minute the first time we use the proxy, to give it time
+	// to provision the TLS certs.
+	if err := tstest.WaitFor(time.Second*60, func() error {
+		return get(ctx, proxyCl, &allowedSecret)
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Expect forbidden.
+	forbiddenSecret := corev1.Secret{
+		ObjectMeta: objectMeta("default", "operator"),
+	}
+	if err := get(ctx, proxyCl, &forbiddenSecret); err == nil || !apierrors.IsForbidden(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected forbidden error fetching secret from default namespace: %s", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func tsnetServerWithTag(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context, tag string) *tsnet.Server {
+	caps := tailscale.KeyCapabilities{
+		Devices: tailscale.KeyDeviceCapabilities{
+			Create: tailscale.KeyDeviceCreateCapabilities{
+				Reusable:      false,
+				Preauthorized: true,
+				Ephemeral:     true,
+				Tags:          []string{tag},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	authKey, authKeyMeta, err := tsClient.CreateKey(ctx, caps)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if err := tsClient.DeleteKey(ctx, authKeyMeta.ID); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("error deleting auth key: %s", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	ts := &tsnet.Server{
+		Hostname:  "test-proxy",
+		Ephemeral: true,
+		Dir:       t.TempDir(),
+		AuthKey:   authKey,
+	}
+	_, err = ts.Up(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if err := ts.Close(); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("error shutting down tsnet.Server: %s", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	return ts
+}
+
+func hostNameFromOperatorSecret(t *testing.T, s corev1.Secret) string {
+	profiles := map[string]any{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(s.Data["_profiles"], &profiles); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	key, ok := strings.CutPrefix(string(s.Data["_current-profile"]), "profile-")
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal(string(s.Data["_current-profile"]))
+	}
+	profile, ok := profiles[key]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal(profiles)
+	}
+
+	return ((profile.(map[string]any))["Name"]).(string)
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/egress-services-readiness.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (esrr *egressSvcsReadinessReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req re
 	oldStatus := svc.Status.DeepCopy()
 	defer func() {
 		tsoperator.SetServiceCondition(svc, tsapi.EgressSvcReady, st, reason, msg, esrr.clock, l)
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldStatus, svc.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldStatus, &svc.Status) {
 			err = errors.Join(err, esrr.Status().Update(ctx, svc))
 		}
 	}()

cmd/k8s-operator/egress-services.go

@@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ const (
 	labelSvcType = "tailscale.com/svc-type" // ingress or egress
 	typeEgress   = "egress"
 	// maxPorts is the maximum number of ports that can be exposed on a
-	// container. In practice this will be ports in range [3000 - 4000). The
+	// container. In practice this will be ports in range [10000 - 11000). The
 	// high range should make it easier to distinguish container ports from
 	// the tailnet target ports for debugging purposes (i.e when reading
-	// netfilter rules). The limit of 10000 is somewhat arbitrary, the
+	// netfilter rules). The limit of 1000 is somewhat arbitrary, the
 	// assumption is that this would not be hit in practice.
-	maxPorts = 10000
+	maxPorts = 1000
 
 	indexEgressProxyGroup = ".metadata.annotations.egress-proxy-group"
 )
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Re
 
 	oldStatus := svc.Status.DeepCopy()
 	defer func() {
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldStatus, svc.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldStatus, &svc.Status) {
 			err = errors.Join(err, esr.Status().Update(ctx, svc))
 		}
 	}()
@@ -136,9 +136,8 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Re
 	}
 
 	if !slices.Contains(svc.Finalizers, FinalizerName) {
-		l.Infof("configuring tailnet service") // logged exactly once
 		svc.Finalizers = append(svc.Finalizers, FinalizerName)
-		if err := esr.Update(ctx, svc); err != nil {
+		if err := esr.updateSvcSpec(ctx, svc); err != nil {
 			err := fmt.Errorf("failed to add finalizer: %w", err)
 			r := svcConfiguredReason(svc, false, l)
 			tsoperator.SetServiceCondition(svc, tsapi.EgressSvcConfigured, metav1.ConditionFalse, r, err.Error(), esr.clock, l)
@@ -157,7 +156,15 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Re
 		return res, err
 	}
 
-	return res, esr.maybeProvision(ctx, svc, l)
+	if err := esr.maybeProvision(ctx, svc, l); err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			l.Infof("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+		} else {
+			return reconcile.Result{}, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return res, nil
 }
 
 func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, svc *corev1.Service, l *zap.SugaredLogger) (err error) {
@@ -198,7 +205,7 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, svc *corev1
 	if svc.Spec.ExternalName != clusterIPSvcFQDN {
 		l.Infof("Configuring ExternalName Service to point to ClusterIP Service %s", clusterIPSvcFQDN)
 		svc.Spec.ExternalName = clusterIPSvcFQDN
-		if err = esr.Update(ctx, svc); err != nil {
+		if err = esr.updateSvcSpec(ctx, svc); err != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("error updating ExternalName Service: %w", err)
 			return err
 		}
@@ -222,6 +229,15 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) provision(ctx context.Context, proxyGroupName s
 		found := false
 		for _, wantsPM := range svc.Spec.Ports {
 			if wantsPM.Port == pm.Port && strings.EqualFold(string(wantsPM.Protocol), string(pm.Protocol)) {
+				// We don't use the port name to distinguish this port internally, but Kubernetes
+				// require that, for Service ports with more than one name each port is uniquely named.
+				// So we can always pick the port name from the ExternalName Service as at this point we
+				// know that those are valid names because Kuberentes already validated it once. Note
+				// that users could have changed an unnamed port to a named port and might have changed
+				// port names- this should still work.
+				// https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#multi-port-services
+				// See also https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/13406#issuecomment-2507230388
+				clusterIPSvc.Spec.Ports[i].Name = wantsPM.Name
 				found = true
 				break
 			}
@@ -246,7 +262,7 @@ func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) provision(ctx context.Context, proxyGroupName s
 		if !found {
 			// Calculate a free port to expose on container and add
 			// a new PortMap to the ClusterIP Service.
-			if usedPorts.Len() == maxPorts {
+			if usedPorts.Len() >= maxPorts {
 				// TODO(irbekrm): refactor to avoid extra reconciles here. Low priority as in practice,
 				// the limit should not be hit.
 				return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("unable to allocate additional ports on ProxyGroup %s, %d ports already used. Create another ProxyGroup or open an issue if you believe this is unexpected.", proxyGroupName, maxPorts)
@@ -540,13 +556,13 @@ func svcNameBase(s string) string {
 	}
 }
 
-// unusedPort returns a port in range [3000 - 4000). The caller must ensure that
-// usedPorts does not contain all ports in range [3000 - 4000).
+// unusedPort returns a port in range [10000 - 11000). The caller must ensure that
+// usedPorts does not contain all ports in range [10000 - 11000).
 func unusedPort(usedPorts sets.Set[int32]) int32 {
 	foundFreePort := false
 	var suggestPort int32
 	for !foundFreePort {
-		suggestPort = rand.Int32N(maxPorts) + 3000
+		suggestPort = rand.Int32N(maxPorts) + 10000
 		if !usedPorts.Has(suggestPort) {
 			foundFreePort = true
 		}
@@ -714,3 +730,13 @@ func epsPortsFromSvc(svc *corev1.Service) (ep []discoveryv1.EndpointPort) {
 	}
 	return ep
 }
+
+// updateSvcSpec ensures that the given Service's spec is updated in cluster, but the local Service object still retains
+// the not-yet-applied status.
+// TODO(irbekrm): once we do SSA for these patch updates, this will no longer be needed.
+func (esr *egressSvcsReconciler) updateSvcSpec(ctx context.Context, svc *corev1.Service) error {
+	st := svc.Status.DeepCopy()
+	err := esr.Update(ctx, svc)
+	svc.Status = *st
+	return err
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/egress-services_test.go

@@ -105,28 +105,40 @@ func TestTailscaleEgressServices(t *testing.T) {
 				condition(tsapi.ProxyGroupReady, metav1.ConditionTrue, "", "", clock),
 			}
 		})
-		// Quirks of the fake client.
-		mustUpdateStatus(t, fc, "default", "test", func(svc *corev1.Service) {
-			svc.Status.Conditions = []metav1.Condition{}
+		expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
+		validateReadyService(t, fc, esr, svc, clock, zl, cm)
+	})
+	t.Run("service_retain_one_unnamed_port", func(t *testing.T) {
+		svc.Spec.Ports = []corev1.ServicePort{{Protocol: "TCP", Port: 80}}
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "default", "test", func(s *corev1.Service) {
+			s.Spec.Ports = svc.Spec.Ports
 		})
 		expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
-		// Verify that a ClusterIP Service has been created.
-		name := findGenNameForEgressSvcResources(t, fc, svc)
-		expectEqual(t, fc, clusterIPSvc(name, svc), removeTargetPortsFromSvc)
-		clusterSvc := mustGetClusterIPSvc(t, fc, name)
-		// Verify that an EndpointSlice has been created.
-		expectEqual(t, fc, endpointSlice(name, svc, clusterSvc), nil)
-		// Verify that ConfigMap contains configuration for the new egress service.
-		mustHaveConfigForSvc(t, fc, svc, clusterSvc, cm)
-		r := svcConfiguredReason(svc, true, zl.Sugar())
-		// Verify that the user-created ExternalName Service has Configured set to true and ExternalName pointing to the
-		// CluterIP Service.
-		svc.Status.Conditions = []metav1.Condition{
-			condition(tsapi.EgressSvcConfigured, metav1.ConditionTrue, r, r, clock),
-		}
-		svc.ObjectMeta.Finalizers = []string{"tailscale.com/finalizer"}
-		svc.Spec.ExternalName = fmt.Sprintf("%s.operator-ns.svc.cluster.local", name)
-		expectEqual(t, fc, svc, nil)
+		validateReadyService(t, fc, esr, svc, clock, zl, cm)
+	})
+	t.Run("service_add_two_named_ports", func(t *testing.T) {
+		svc.Spec.Ports = []corev1.ServicePort{{Protocol: "TCP", Port: 80, Name: "http"}, {Protocol: "TCP", Port: 443, Name: "https"}}
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "default", "test", func(s *corev1.Service) {
+			s.Spec.Ports = svc.Spec.Ports
+		})
+		expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
+		validateReadyService(t, fc, esr, svc, clock, zl, cm)
+	})
+	t.Run("service_add_udp_port", func(t *testing.T) {
+		svc.Spec.Ports = append(svc.Spec.Ports, corev1.ServicePort{Port: 53, Protocol: "UDP", Name: "dns"})
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "default", "test", func(s *corev1.Service) {
+			s.Spec.Ports = svc.Spec.Ports
+		})
+		expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
+		validateReadyService(t, fc, esr, svc, clock, zl, cm)
+	})
+	t.Run("service_change_protocol", func(t *testing.T) {
+		svc.Spec.Ports = []corev1.ServicePort{{Protocol: "TCP", Port: 80, Name: "http"}, {Protocol: "TCP", Port: 443, Name: "https"}, {Port: 53, Protocol: "TCP", Name: "tcp_dns"}}
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "default", "test", func(s *corev1.Service) {
+			s.Spec.Ports = svc.Spec.Ports
+		})
+		expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
+		validateReadyService(t, fc, esr, svc, clock, zl, cm)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("delete_external_name_service", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -143,6 +155,29 @@ func TestTailscaleEgressServices(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func validateReadyService(t *testing.T, fc client.WithWatch, esr *egressSvcsReconciler, svc *corev1.Service, clock *tstest.Clock, zl *zap.Logger, cm *corev1.ConfigMap) {
+	expectReconciled(t, esr, "default", "test")
+	// Verify that a ClusterIP Service has been created.
+	name := findGenNameForEgressSvcResources(t, fc, svc)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, clusterIPSvc(name, svc), removeTargetPortsFromSvc)
+	clusterSvc := mustGetClusterIPSvc(t, fc, name)
+	// Verify that an EndpointSlice has been created.
+	expectEqual(t, fc, endpointSlice(name, svc, clusterSvc), nil)
+	// Verify that ConfigMap contains configuration for the new egress service.
+	mustHaveConfigForSvc(t, fc, svc, clusterSvc, cm)
+	r := svcConfiguredReason(svc, true, zl.Sugar())
+	// Verify that the user-created ExternalName Service has Configured set to true and ExternalName pointing to the
+	// CluterIP Service.
+	svc.Status.Conditions = []metav1.Condition{
+		condition(tsapi.EgressSvcValid, metav1.ConditionTrue, "EgressSvcValid", "EgressSvcValid", clock),
+		condition(tsapi.EgressSvcConfigured, metav1.ConditionTrue, r, r, clock),
+	}
+	svc.ObjectMeta.Finalizers = []string{"tailscale.com/finalizer"}
+	svc.Spec.ExternalName = fmt.Sprintf("%s.operator-ns.svc.cluster.local", name)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, svc, nil)
+
+}
+
 func condition(typ tsapi.ConditionType, st metav1.ConditionStatus, r, msg string, clock tstime.Clock) metav1.Condition {
 	return metav1.Condition{
 		Type:               string(typ),

cmd/k8s-operator/ingress.go

@@ -76,7 +76,15 @@ func (a *IngressReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Request
 		return reconcile.Result{}, a.maybeCleanup(ctx, logger, ing)
 	}
 
-	return reconcile.Result{}, a.maybeProvision(ctx, logger, ing)
+	if err := a.maybeProvision(ctx, logger, ing); err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			logger.Infof("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+		} else {
+			return reconcile.Result{}, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 }
 
 func (a *IngressReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, ing *networkingv1.Ingress) error {
@@ -90,7 +98,7 @@ func (a *IngressReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Sugare
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(ing.Name, ing.Namespace, "ingress")); err != nil {
+	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(ing.Name, ing.Namespace, "ingress"), proxyTypeIngressResource); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to cleanup: %w", err)
 	} else if !done {
 		logger.Debugf("cleanup not done yet, waiting for next reconcile")
@@ -268,6 +276,7 @@ func (a *IngressReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		Tags:                tags,
 		ChildResourceLabels: crl,
 		ProxyClassName:      proxyClass,
+		proxyType:           proxyTypeIngressResource,
 	}
 
 	if val := ing.GetAnnotations()[AnnotationExperimentalForwardClusterTrafficViaL7IngresProxy]; val == "true" {
@@ -278,12 +287,12 @@ func (a *IngressReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to provision: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	_, tsHost, _, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl)
+	dev, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl, logger)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get device ID: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve Ingress HTTPS endpoint status: %w", err)
 	}
-	if tsHost == "" {
-		logger.Debugf("no Tailscale hostname known yet, waiting for proxy pod to finish auth")
+	if dev == nil || dev.ingressDNSName == "" {
+		logger.Debugf("no Ingress DNS name known yet, waiting for proxy Pod initialize and start serving Ingress")
 		// No hostname yet. Wait for the proxy pod to auth.
 		ing.Status.LoadBalancer.Ingress = nil
 		if err := a.Status().Update(ctx, ing); err != nil {
@@ -292,10 +301,10 @@ func (a *IngressReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	logger.Debugf("setting ingress hostname to %q", tsHost)
+	logger.Debugf("setting Ingress hostname to %q", dev.ingressDNSName)
 	ing.Status.LoadBalancer.Ingress = []networkingv1.IngressLoadBalancerIngress{
 		{
-			Hostname: tsHost,
+			Hostname: dev.ingressDNSName,
 			Ports: []networkingv1.IngressPortStatus{
 				{
 					Protocol: "TCP",

cmd/k8s-operator/ingress_test.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	appsv1 "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	networkingv1 "k8s.io/api/networking/v1"
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/fake"
@@ -141,6 +142,154 @@ func TestTailscaleIngress(t *testing.T) {
 	expectMissing[corev1.Secret](t, fc, "operator-ns", fullName)
 }
 
+func TestTailscaleIngressHostname(t *testing.T) {
+	tsIngressClass := &networkingv1.IngressClass{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "tailscale"}, Spec: networkingv1.IngressClassSpec{Controller: "tailscale.com/ts-ingress"}}
+	fc := fake.NewFakeClient(tsIngressClass)
+	ft := &fakeTSClient{}
+	fakeTsnetServer := &fakeTSNetServer{certDomains: []string{"foo.com"}}
+	zl, err := zap.NewDevelopment()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ingR := &IngressReconciler{
+		Client: fc,
+		ssr: &tailscaleSTSReconciler{
+			Client:            fc,
+			tsClient:          ft,
+			tsnetServer:       fakeTsnetServer,
+			defaultTags:       []string{"tag:k8s"},
+			operatorNamespace: "operator-ns",
+			proxyImage:        "tailscale/tailscale",
+		},
+		logger: zl.Sugar(),
+	}
+
+	// 1. Resources get created for regular Ingress
+	ing := &networkingv1.Ingress{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{Kind: "Ingress", APIVersion: "networking.k8s.io/v1"},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "test",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			// The apiserver is supposed to set the UID, but the fake client
+			// doesn't. So, set it explicitly because other code later depends
+			// on it being set.
+			UID: types.UID("1234-UID"),
+		},
+		Spec: networkingv1.IngressSpec{
+			IngressClassName: ptr.To("tailscale"),
+			DefaultBackend: &networkingv1.IngressBackend{
+				Service: &networkingv1.IngressServiceBackend{
+					Name: "test",
+					Port: networkingv1.ServiceBackendPort{
+						Number: 8080,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			TLS: []networkingv1.IngressTLS{
+				{Hosts: []string{"default-test"}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	mustCreate(t, fc, ing)
+	mustCreate(t, fc, &corev1.Service{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "test",
+			Namespace: "default",
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.ServiceSpec{
+			ClusterIP: "1.2.3.4",
+			Ports: []corev1.ServicePort{{
+				Port: 8080,
+				Name: "http"},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+
+	fullName, shortName := findGenName(t, fc, "default", "test", "ingress")
+	mustCreate(t, fc, &corev1.Pod{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      fullName,
+			Namespace: "operator-ns",
+			UID:       "test-uid",
+		},
+	})
+	opts := configOpts{
+		stsName:    shortName,
+		secretName: fullName,
+		namespace:  "default",
+		parentType: "ingress",
+		hostname:   "default-test",
+		app:        kubetypes.AppIngressResource,
+	}
+	serveConfig := &ipn.ServeConfig{
+		TCP: map[uint16]*ipn.TCPPortHandler{443: {HTTPS: true}},
+		Web: map[ipn.HostPort]*ipn.WebServerConfig{"${TS_CERT_DOMAIN}:443": {Handlers: map[string]*ipn.HTTPHandler{"/": {Proxy: "http://1.2.3.4:8080/"}}}},
+	}
+	opts.serveConfig = serveConfig
+
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSecret(t, fc, opts), nil)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedHeadlessService(shortName, "ingress"), nil)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSTSUserspace(t, fc, opts), removeHashAnnotation)
+
+	// 2. Ingress proxy with capability version >= 110 does not have an HTTPS endpoint set
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "operator-ns", opts.secretName, func(secret *corev1.Secret) {
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_id", []byte("1234"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "tailscale_capver", []byte("110"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "pod_uid", []byte("test-uid"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_fqdn", []byte("foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+	})
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	ing.Finalizers = append(ing.Finalizers, "tailscale.com/finalizer")
+
+	expectEqual(t, fc, ing, nil)
+
+	// 3. Ingress proxy with capability version >= 110 advertises HTTPS endpoint
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "operator-ns", opts.secretName, func(secret *corev1.Secret) {
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_id", []byte("1234"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "tailscale_capver", []byte("110"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "pod_uid", []byte("test-uid"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_fqdn", []byte("foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "https_endpoint", []byte("foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+	})
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	ing.Status.LoadBalancer = networkingv1.IngressLoadBalancerStatus{
+		Ingress: []networkingv1.IngressLoadBalancerIngress{
+			{Hostname: "foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net", Ports: []networkingv1.IngressPortStatus{{Port: 443, Protocol: "TCP"}}},
+		},
+	}
+	expectEqual(t, fc, ing, nil)
+
+	// 4. Ingress proxy with capability version >= 110 does not have an HTTPS endpoint ready
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "operator-ns", opts.secretName, func(secret *corev1.Secret) {
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_id", []byte("1234"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "tailscale_capver", []byte("110"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "pod_uid", []byte("test-uid"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_fqdn", []byte("foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "https_endpoint", []byte("no-https"))
+	})
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	ing.Status.LoadBalancer.Ingress = nil
+	expectEqual(t, fc, ing, nil)
+
+	// 5. Ingress proxy's state has https_endpoints set, but its capver is not matching Pod UID (downgrade)
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "operator-ns", opts.secretName, func(secret *corev1.Secret) {
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_id", []byte("1234"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "tailscale_capver", []byte("110"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "pod_uid", []byte("not-the-right-uid"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "device_fqdn", []byte("foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+		mak.Set(&secret.Data, "https_endpoint", []byte("bar.tailnetxyz.ts.net"))
+	})
+	ing.Status.LoadBalancer = networkingv1.IngressLoadBalancerStatus{
+		Ingress: []networkingv1.IngressLoadBalancerIngress{
+			{Hostname: "foo.tailnetxyz.ts.net", Ports: []networkingv1.IngressPortStatus{{Port: 443, Protocol: "TCP"}}},
+		},
+	}
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	expectEqual(t, fc, ing, nil)
+}
+
 func TestTailscaleIngressWithProxyClass(t *testing.T) {
 	// Setup
 	pc := &tsapi.ProxyClass{
@@ -271,3 +420,124 @@ func TestTailscaleIngressWithProxyClass(t *testing.T) {
 	opts.proxyClass = ""
 	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSTSUserspace(t, fc, opts), removeHashAnnotation)
 }
+
+func TestTailscaleIngressWithServiceMonitor(t *testing.T) {
+	pc := &tsapi.ProxyClass{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "metrics", Generation: 1},
+		Spec: tsapi.ProxyClassSpec{
+			Metrics: &tsapi.Metrics{
+				Enable:         true,
+				ServiceMonitor: &tsapi.ServiceMonitor{Enable: true},
+			},
+		},
+		Status: tsapi.ProxyClassStatus{
+			Conditions: []metav1.Condition{{
+				Status:             metav1.ConditionTrue,
+				Type:               string(tsapi.ProxyClassReady),
+				ObservedGeneration: 1,
+			}}},
+	}
+	crd := &apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: serviceMonitorCRD}}
+	tsIngressClass := &networkingv1.IngressClass{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "tailscale"}, Spec: networkingv1.IngressClassSpec{Controller: "tailscale.com/ts-ingress"}}
+	fc := fake.NewClientBuilder().
+		WithScheme(tsapi.GlobalScheme).
+		WithObjects(pc, tsIngressClass).
+		WithStatusSubresource(pc).
+		Build()
+	ft := &fakeTSClient{}
+	fakeTsnetServer := &fakeTSNetServer{certDomains: []string{"foo.com"}}
+	zl, err := zap.NewDevelopment()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	ingR := &IngressReconciler{
+		Client: fc,
+		ssr: &tailscaleSTSReconciler{
+			Client:            fc,
+			tsClient:          ft,
+			tsnetServer:       fakeTsnetServer,
+			defaultTags:       []string{"tag:k8s"},
+			operatorNamespace: "operator-ns",
+			proxyImage:        "tailscale/tailscale",
+		},
+		logger: zl.Sugar(),
+	}
+	// 1. Enable metrics- expect metrics Service to be created
+	ing := &networkingv1.Ingress{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{Kind: "Ingress", APIVersion: "networking.k8s.io/v1"},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "test",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			// The apiserver is supposed to set the UID, but the fake client
+			// doesn't. So, set it explicitly because other code later depends
+			// on it being set.
+			UID: types.UID("1234-UID"),
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"tailscale.com/proxy-class": "metrics",
+			},
+		},
+		Spec: networkingv1.IngressSpec{
+			IngressClassName: ptr.To("tailscale"),
+			DefaultBackend: &networkingv1.IngressBackend{
+				Service: &networkingv1.IngressServiceBackend{
+					Name: "test",
+					Port: networkingv1.ServiceBackendPort{
+						Number: 8080,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			TLS: []networkingv1.IngressTLS{
+				{Hosts: []string{"default-test"}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	mustCreate(t, fc, ing)
+	mustCreate(t, fc, &corev1.Service{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      "test",
+			Namespace: "default",
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.ServiceSpec{
+			ClusterIP: "1.2.3.4",
+			Ports: []corev1.ServicePort{{
+				Port: 8080,
+				Name: "http"},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+
+	fullName, shortName := findGenName(t, fc, "default", "test", "ingress")
+	opts := configOpts{
+		stsName:            shortName,
+		secretName:         fullName,
+		namespace:          "default",
+		tailscaleNamespace: "operator-ns",
+		parentType:         "ingress",
+		hostname:           "default-test",
+		app:                kubetypes.AppIngressResource,
+		enableMetrics:      true,
+		namespaced:         true,
+		proxyType:          proxyTypeIngressResource,
+	}
+	serveConfig := &ipn.ServeConfig{
+		TCP: map[uint16]*ipn.TCPPortHandler{443: {HTTPS: true}},
+		Web: map[ipn.HostPort]*ipn.WebServerConfig{"${TS_CERT_DOMAIN}:443": {Handlers: map[string]*ipn.HTTPHandler{"/": {Proxy: "http://1.2.3.4:8080/"}}}},
+	}
+	opts.serveConfig = serveConfig
+
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSecret(t, fc, opts), nil)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedHeadlessService(shortName, "ingress"), nil)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedMetricsService(opts), nil)
+	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSTSUserspace(t, fc, opts), removeHashAnnotation)
+	// 2. Enable ServiceMonitor - should not error when there is no ServiceMonitor CRD in cluster
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "", "metrics", func(pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) {
+		pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor = &tsapi.ServiceMonitor{Enable: true}
+	})
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	// 3. Create ServiceMonitor CRD and reconcile- ServiceMonitor should get created
+	mustCreate(t, fc, crd)
+	expectReconciled(t, ingR, "default", "test")
+	expectEqualUnstructured(t, fc, expectedServiceMonitor(t, opts))
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/metrics_resources.go

@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+//go:build !plan9
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
+	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
+	tsapi "tailscale.com/k8s-operator/apis/v1alpha1"
+)
+
+const (
+	labelMetricsTarget = "tailscale.com/metrics-target"
+
+	// These labels get transferred from the metrics Service to the ingested Prometheus metrics.
+	labelPromProxyType            = "ts_proxy_type"
+	labelPromProxyParentName      = "ts_proxy_parent_name"
+	labelPromProxyParentNamespace = "ts_proxy_parent_namespace"
+	labelPromJob                  = "ts_prom_job"
+
+	serviceMonitorCRD = "servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com"
+)
+
+// ServiceMonitor contains a subset of fields of servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com Custom Resource Definition.
+// Duplicating it here allows us to avoid importing prometheus-operator library.
+// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L40
+type ServiceMonitor struct {
+	metav1.TypeMeta   `json:",inline"`
+	metav1.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata"`
+	Spec              ServiceMonitorSpec `json:"spec"`
+}
+
+// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L55
+type ServiceMonitorSpec struct {
+	// Endpoints defines the endpoints to be scraped on the selected Service(s).
+	// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L82
+	Endpoints []ServiceMonitorEndpoint `json:"endpoints"`
+	// JobLabel is the label on the Service whose value will become the value of the Prometheus job label for the metrics ingested via this ServiceMonitor.
+	// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L66
+	JobLabel string `json:"jobLabel"`
+	// NamespaceSelector selects the namespace of Service(s) that this ServiceMonitor allows to scrape.
+	// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L88
+	NamespaceSelector ServiceMonitorNamespaceSelector `json:"namespaceSelector,omitempty"`
+	// Selector is the label selector for Service(s) that this ServiceMonitor allows to scrape.
+	// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L85
+	Selector metav1.LabelSelector `json:"selector"`
+	// TargetLabels are labels on the selected Service that should be applied as Prometheus labels to the ingested metrics.
+	// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L72
+	TargetLabels []string `json:"targetLabels"`
+}
+
+// ServiceMonitorNamespaceSelector selects namespaces in which Prometheus operator will attempt to find Services for
+// this ServiceMonitor.
+// https://github.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/blob/bb4514e0d5d69f20270e29cfd4ad39b87865ccdf/pkg/apis/monitoring/v1/servicemonitor_types.go#L88
+type ServiceMonitorNamespaceSelector struct {
+	MatchNames []string `json:"matchNames,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ServiceMonitorEndpoint defines an endpoint of Service to scrape. We only define port here. Prometheus by default
+// scrapes /metrics path, which is what we want.
+type ServiceMonitorEndpoint struct {
+	// Port is the name of the Service port that Prometheus will scrape.
+	Port string `json:"port,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func reconcileMetricsResources(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, opts *metricsOpts, pc *tsapi.ProxyClass, cl client.Client) error {
+	if opts.proxyType == proxyTypeEgress {
+		// Metrics are currently not being enabled for standalone egress proxies.
+		return nil
+	}
+	if pc == nil || pc.Spec.Metrics == nil || !pc.Spec.Metrics.Enable {
+		return maybeCleanupMetricsResources(ctx, opts, cl)
+	}
+	metricsSvc := &corev1.Service{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      metricsResourceName(opts.proxyStsName),
+			Namespace: opts.tsNamespace,
+			Labels:    metricsResourceLabels(opts),
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.ServiceSpec{
+			Selector: opts.proxyLabels,
+			Type:     corev1.ServiceTypeClusterIP,
+			Ports:    []corev1.ServicePort{{Protocol: "TCP", Port: 9002, Name: "metrics"}},
+		},
+	}
+	var err error
+	metricsSvc, err = createOrUpdate(ctx, cl, opts.tsNamespace, metricsSvc, func(svc *corev1.Service) {
+		svc.Spec.Ports = metricsSvc.Spec.Ports
+		svc.Spec.Selector = metricsSvc.Spec.Selector
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error ensuring metrics Service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	crdExists, err := hasServiceMonitorCRD(ctx, cl)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error verifying that %q CRD exists: %w", serviceMonitorCRD, err)
+	}
+	if !crdExists {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor == nil || !pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor.Enable {
+		return maybeCleanupServiceMonitor(ctx, cl, opts.proxyStsName, opts.tsNamespace)
+	}
+
+	logger.Info("ensuring ServiceMonitor for metrics Service %s/%s", metricsSvc.Namespace, metricsSvc.Name)
+	svcMonitor, err := newServiceMonitor(metricsSvc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error creating ServiceMonitor: %w", err)
+	}
+	// We don't use createOrUpdate here because that does not work with unstructured types. We also do not update
+	// the ServiceMonitor because it is not expected that any of its fields would change. Currently this is good
+	// enough, but in future we might want to add logic to create-or-update unstructured types.
+	err = cl.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(metricsSvc), svcMonitor.DeepCopy())
+	if apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
+		if err := cl.Create(ctx, svcMonitor); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error creating ServiceMonitor: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error getting ServiceMonitor: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// maybeCleanupMetricsResources ensures that any metrics resources created for a proxy are deleted. Only metrics Service
+// gets deleted explicitly because the ServiceMonitor has Service's owner reference, so gets garbage collected
+// automatically.
+func maybeCleanupMetricsResources(ctx context.Context, opts *metricsOpts, cl client.Client) error {
+	sel := metricsSvcSelector(opts.proxyLabels, opts.proxyType)
+	return cl.DeleteAllOf(ctx, &corev1.Service{}, client.InNamespace(opts.tsNamespace), client.MatchingLabels(sel))
+}
+
+// maybeCleanupServiceMonitor cleans up any ServiceMonitor created for the named proxy StatefulSet.
+func maybeCleanupServiceMonitor(ctx context.Context, cl client.Client, stsName, ns string) error {
+	smName := metricsResourceName(stsName)
+	sm := serviceMonitorTemplate(smName, ns)
+	u, err := serviceMonitorToUnstructured(sm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error building ServiceMonitor: %w", err)
+	}
+	err = cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: smName, Namespace: ns}, u)
+	if apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
+		return nil // nothing to do
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error verifying if ServiceMonitor %s/%s exists: %w", ns, stsName, err)
+	}
+	return cl.Delete(ctx, u)
+}
+
+// newServiceMonitor takes a metrics Service created for a proxy and constructs and returns a ServiceMonitor for that
+// proxy that can be applied to the kube API server.
+// The ServiceMonitor is returned as Unstructured type - this allows us to avoid importing prometheus-operator API server client/schema.
+func newServiceMonitor(metricsSvc *corev1.Service) (*unstructured.Unstructured, error) {
+	sm := serviceMonitorTemplate(metricsSvc.Name, metricsSvc.Namespace)
+	sm.ObjectMeta.Labels = metricsSvc.Labels
+	sm.ObjectMeta.OwnerReferences = []metav1.OwnerReference{*metav1.NewControllerRef(metricsSvc, corev1.SchemeGroupVersion.WithKind("Service"))}
+	sm.Spec = ServiceMonitorSpec{
+		Selector: metav1.LabelSelector{MatchLabels: metricsSvc.Labels},
+		Endpoints: []ServiceMonitorEndpoint{{
+			Port: "metrics",
+		}},
+		NamespaceSelector: ServiceMonitorNamespaceSelector{
+			MatchNames: []string{metricsSvc.Namespace},
+		},
+		JobLabel: labelPromJob,
+		TargetLabels: []string{
+			labelPromProxyParentName,
+			labelPromProxyParentNamespace,
+			labelPromProxyType,
+		},
+	}
+	return serviceMonitorToUnstructured(sm)
+}
+
+// serviceMonitorToUnstructured takes a ServiceMonitor and converts it to Unstructured type that can be used by the c/r
+// client in Kubernetes API server calls.
+func serviceMonitorToUnstructured(sm *ServiceMonitor) (*unstructured.Unstructured, error) {
+	contents, err := runtime.DefaultUnstructuredConverter.ToUnstructured(sm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error converting ServiceMonitor to Unstructured: %w", err)
+	}
+	u := &unstructured.Unstructured{}
+	u.SetUnstructuredContent(contents)
+	u.SetGroupVersionKind(sm.GroupVersionKind())
+	return u, nil
+}
+
+// metricsResourceName returns name for metrics Service and ServiceMonitor for a proxy StatefulSet.
+func metricsResourceName(stsName string) string {
+	// Maximum length of StatefulSet name if 52 chars, so this is fine.
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s-metrics", stsName)
+}
+
+// metricsResourceLabels constructs labels that will be applied to metrics Service and metrics ServiceMonitor for a
+// proxy.
+func metricsResourceLabels(opts *metricsOpts) map[string]string {
+	lbls := map[string]string{
+		LabelManaged:             "true",
+		labelMetricsTarget:       opts.proxyStsName,
+		labelPromProxyType:       opts.proxyType,
+		labelPromProxyParentName: opts.proxyLabels[LabelParentName],
+	}
+	// Include namespace label for proxies created for a namespaced type.
+	if isNamespacedProxyType(opts.proxyType) {
+		lbls[labelPromProxyParentNamespace] = opts.proxyLabels[LabelParentNamespace]
+	}
+	lbls[labelPromJob] = promJobName(opts)
+	return lbls
+}
+
+// promJobName constructs the value of the Prometheus job label that will apply to all metrics for a ServiceMonitor.
+func promJobName(opts *metricsOpts) string {
+	// Include parent resource namespace for proxies created for namespaced types.
+	if opts.proxyType == proxyTypeIngressResource || opts.proxyType == proxyTypeIngressService {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("ts_%s_%s_%s", opts.proxyType, opts.proxyLabels[LabelParentNamespace], opts.proxyLabels[LabelParentName])
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("ts_%s_%s", opts.proxyType, opts.proxyLabels[LabelParentName])
+}
+
+// metricsSvcSelector returns the minimum label set to uniquely identify a metrics Service for a proxy.
+func metricsSvcSelector(proxyLabels map[string]string, proxyType string) map[string]string {
+	sel := map[string]string{
+		labelPromProxyType:       proxyType,
+		labelPromProxyParentName: proxyLabels[LabelParentName],
+	}
+	// Include namespace label for proxies created for a namespaced type.
+	if isNamespacedProxyType(proxyType) {
+		sel[labelPromProxyParentNamespace] = proxyLabels[LabelParentNamespace]
+	}
+	return sel
+}
+
+// serviceMonitorTemplate returns a base ServiceMonitor type that, when converted to Unstructured, is a valid type that
+// can be used in kube API server calls via the c/r client.
+func serviceMonitorTemplate(name, ns string) *ServiceMonitor {
+	return &ServiceMonitor{
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "ServiceMonitor",
+			APIVersion: "monitoring.coreos.com/v1",
+		},
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      name,
+			Namespace: ns,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+type metricsOpts struct {
+	proxyStsName string            // name of StatefulSet for proxy
+	tsNamespace  string            // namespace in which Tailscale is installed
+	proxyLabels  map[string]string // labels of the proxy StatefulSet
+	proxyType    string
+}
+
+func isNamespacedProxyType(typ string) bool {
+	return typ == proxyTypeIngressResource || typ == proxyTypeIngressService
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/nameserver.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	_ "embed"
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 			return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 		}
 		logger.Info("Cleaning up DNSConfig resources")
-		if err := a.maybeCleanup(ctx, &dnsCfg, logger); err != nil {
+		if err := a.maybeCleanup(&dnsCfg); err != nil {
 			logger.Errorf("error cleaning up reconciler resource: %v", err)
 			return res, err
 		}
@@ -100,9 +101,9 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 	}
 
 	oldCnStatus := dnsCfg.Status.DeepCopy()
-	setStatus := func(dnsCfg *tsapi.DNSConfig, conditionType tsapi.ConditionType, status metav1.ConditionStatus, reason, message string) (reconcile.Result, error) {
+	setStatus := func(dnsCfg *tsapi.DNSConfig, status metav1.ConditionStatus, reason, message string) (reconcile.Result, error) {
 		tsoperator.SetDNSConfigCondition(dnsCfg, tsapi.NameserverReady, status, reason, message, dnsCfg.Generation, a.clock, logger)
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldCnStatus, dnsCfg.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldCnStatus, &dnsCfg.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			if updateErr := a.Client.Status().Update(ctx, dnsCfg); updateErr != nil {
 				err = errors.Wrap(err, updateErr.Error())
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 		msg := "invalid cluster configuration: more than one tailscale.com/dnsconfigs found. Please ensure that no more than one is created."
 		logger.Error(msg)
 		a.recorder.Event(&dnsCfg, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonMultipleDNSConfigsPresent, messageMultipleDNSConfigsPresent)
-		setStatus(&dnsCfg, tsapi.NameserverReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonMultipleDNSConfigsPresent, messageMultipleDNSConfigsPresent)
+		setStatus(&dnsCfg, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonMultipleDNSConfigsPresent, messageMultipleDNSConfigsPresent)
 	}
 
 	if !slices.Contains(dnsCfg.Finalizers, FinalizerName) {
@@ -127,11 +128,16 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 		if err := a.Update(ctx, &dnsCfg); err != nil {
 			msg := fmt.Sprintf(messageNameserverCreationFailed, err)
 			logger.Error(msg)
-			return setStatus(&dnsCfg, tsapi.NameserverReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonNameserverCreationFailed, msg)
+			return setStatus(&dnsCfg, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonNameserverCreationFailed, msg)
 		}
 	}
 	if err := a.maybeProvision(ctx, &dnsCfg, logger); err != nil {
-		return reconcile.Result{}, fmt.Errorf("error provisioning nameserver resources: %w", err)
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			logger.Infof("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+			return reconcile.Result{}, nil
+		} else {
+			return reconcile.Result{}, fmt.Errorf("error provisioning nameserver resources: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	a.mu.Lock()
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 		dnsCfg.Status.Nameserver = &tsapi.NameserverStatus{
 			IP: ip,
 		}
-		return setStatus(&dnsCfg, tsapi.NameserverReady, metav1.ConditionTrue, reasonNameserverCreated, reasonNameserverCreated)
+		return setStatus(&dnsCfg, metav1.ConditionTrue, reasonNameserverCreated, reasonNameserverCreated)
 	}
 	logger.Info("nameserver Service does not have an IP address allocated, waiting...")
 	return reconcile.Result{}, nil
@@ -188,7 +194,7 @@ func (a *NameserverReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, tsDNSCfg *tsa
 // maybeCleanup removes DNSConfig from being tracked. The cluster resources
 // created, will be automatically garbage collected as they are owned by the
 // DNSConfig.
-func (a *NameserverReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, dnsCfg *tsapi.DNSConfig, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) error {
+func (a *NameserverReconciler) maybeCleanup(dnsCfg *tsapi.DNSConfig) error {
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	a.managedNameservers.Remove(dnsCfg.UID)
 	a.mu.Unlock()

cmd/k8s-operator/operator.go

@@ -24,8 +24,11 @@ import (
 	discoveryv1 "k8s.io/api/discovery/v1"
 	networkingv1 "k8s.io/api/networking/v1"
 	rbacv1 "k8s.io/api/rbac/v1"
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/fields"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
+	toolscache "k8s.io/client-go/tools/cache"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/builder"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/cache"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
@@ -239,21 +242,29 @@ func runReconcilers(opts reconcilerOpts) {
 	nsFilter := cache.ByObject{
 		Field: client.InNamespace(opts.tailscaleNamespace).AsSelector(),
 	}
+	// We watch the ServiceMonitor CRD to ensure that reconcilers are re-triggered if user's workflows result in the
+	// ServiceMonitor CRD applied after some of our resources that define ServiceMonitor creation. This selector
+	// ensures that we only watch the ServiceMonitor CRD and that we don't cache full contents of it.
+	serviceMonitorSelector := cache.ByObject{
+		Field:     fields.SelectorFromSet(fields.Set{"metadata.name": serviceMonitorCRD}),
+		Transform: crdTransformer(startlog),
+	}
 	mgrOpts := manager.Options{
 		// TODO (irbekrm): stricter filtering what we watch/cache/call
 		// reconcilers on. c/r by default starts a watch on any
 		// resources that we GET via the controller manager's client.
 		Cache: cache.Options{
 			ByObject: map[client.Object]cache.ByObject{
-				&corev1.Secret{}:             nsFilter,
-				&corev1.ServiceAccount{}:     nsFilter,
-				&corev1.Pod{}:                nsFilter,
-				&corev1.ConfigMap{}:          nsFilter,
-				&appsv1.StatefulSet{}:        nsFilter,
-				&appsv1.Deployment{}:         nsFilter,
-				&discoveryv1.EndpointSlice{}: nsFilter,
-				&rbacv1.Role{}:               nsFilter,
-				&rbacv1.RoleBinding{}:        nsFilter,
+				&corev1.Secret{}:                            nsFilter,
+				&corev1.ServiceAccount{}:                    nsFilter,
+				&corev1.Pod{}:                               nsFilter,
+				&corev1.ConfigMap{}:                         nsFilter,
+				&appsv1.StatefulSet{}:                       nsFilter,
+				&appsv1.Deployment{}:                        nsFilter,
+				&discoveryv1.EndpointSlice{}:                nsFilter,
+				&rbacv1.Role{}:                              nsFilter,
+				&rbacv1.RoleBinding{}:                       nsFilter,
+				&apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{}: serviceMonitorSelector,
 			},
 		},
 		Scheme: tsapi.GlobalScheme,
@@ -422,8 +433,13 @@ func runReconcilers(opts reconcilerOpts) {
 		startlog.Fatalf("could not create egress EndpointSlices reconciler: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	// ProxyClass reconciler gets triggered on ServiceMonitor CRD changes to ensure that any ProxyClasses, that
+	// define that a ServiceMonitor should be created, were set to invalid because the CRD did not exist get
+	// reconciled if the CRD is applied at a later point.
+	serviceMonitorFilter := handler.EnqueueRequestsFromMapFunc(proxyClassesWithServiceMonitor(mgr.GetClient(), opts.log))
 	err = builder.ControllerManagedBy(mgr).
 		For(&tsapi.ProxyClass{}).
+		Watches(&apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{}, serviceMonitorFilter).
 		Complete(&ProxyClassReconciler{
 			Client:   mgr.GetClient(),
 			recorder: eventRecorder,
@@ -1018,6 +1034,49 @@ func epsFromExternalNameService(cl client.Client, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, ns
 	}
 }
 
+// proxyClassesWithServiceMonitor returns an event handler that, given that the event is for the Prometheus
+// ServiceMonitor CRD, returns all ProxyClasses that define that a ServiceMonitor should be created.
+func proxyClassesWithServiceMonitor(cl client.Client, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) handler.MapFunc {
+	return func(ctx context.Context, o client.Object) []reconcile.Request {
+		crd, ok := o.(*apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition)
+		if !ok {
+			logger.Debugf("[unexpected] ServiceMonitor CRD handler received an object that is not a CustomResourceDefinition")
+			return nil
+		}
+		if crd.Name != serviceMonitorCRD {
+			logger.Debugf("[unexpected] ServiceMonitor CRD handler received an unexpected CRD %q", crd.Name)
+			return nil
+		}
+		pcl := &tsapi.ProxyClassList{}
+		if err := cl.List(ctx, pcl); err != nil {
+			logger.Debugf("[unexpected] error listing ProxyClasses: %v", err)
+			return nil
+		}
+		reqs := make([]reconcile.Request, 0)
+		for _, pc := range pcl.Items {
+			if pc.Spec.Metrics != nil && pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor != nil && pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor.Enable {
+				reqs = append(reqs, reconcile.Request{
+					NamespacedName: types.NamespacedName{Namespace: pc.Namespace, Name: pc.Name},
+				})
+			}
+		}
+		return reqs
+	}
+}
+
+// crdTransformer gets called before a CRD is stored to c/r cache, it removes the CRD spec to reduce memory consumption.
+func crdTransformer(log *zap.SugaredLogger) toolscache.TransformFunc {
+	return func(o any) (any, error) {
+		crd, ok := o.(*apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Infof("[unexpected] CRD transformer called for a non-CRD type")
+			return crd, nil
+		}
+		crd.Spec = apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinitionSpec{}
+		return crd, nil
+	}
+}
+
 // indexEgressServices adds a local index to a cached Tailscale egress Services meant to be exposed on a ProxyGroup. The
 // index is used a list filter.
 func indexEgressServices(o client.Object) []string {

cmd/k8s-operator/operator_test.go

@@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@ func TestTailscaledConfigfileHash(t *testing.T) {
 		parentType:      "svc",
 		hostname:        "default-test",
 		clusterTargetIP: "10.20.30.40",
-		confFileHash:    "a67b5ad3ff605531c822327e8f1a23dd0846e1075b722c13402f7d5d0ba32ba2",
+		confFileHash:    "acf3467364b0a3ba9b8ee0dd772cb7c2f0bf585e288fa99b7fe4566009ed6041",
 		app:             kubetypes.AppIngressProxy,
 	}
 	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSTS(t, fc, o), nil)
@@ -1399,7 +1399,7 @@ func TestTailscaledConfigfileHash(t *testing.T) {
 		mak.Set(&svc.Annotations, AnnotationHostname, "another-test")
 	})
 	o.hostname = "another-test"
-	o.confFileHash = "888a993ebee20ad6be99623b45015339de117946850cf1252bede0b570e04293"
+	o.confFileHash = "d4cc13f09f55f4f6775689004f9a466723325b84d2b590692796bfe22aeaa389"
 	expectReconciled(t, sr, "default", "test")
 	expectEqual(t, fc, expectedSTS(t, fc, o), nil)
 }

cmd/k8s-operator/proxyclass.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	dockerref "github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	apiequality "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/equality"
 	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
 	apivalidation "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/validation"
@@ -95,14 +96,14 @@ func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Re
 	pcr.mu.Unlock()
 
 	oldPCStatus := pc.Status.DeepCopy()
-	if errs := pcr.validate(pc); errs != nil {
+	if errs := pcr.validate(ctx, pc); errs != nil {
 		msg := fmt.Sprintf(messageProxyClassInvalid, errs.ToAggregate().Error())
 		pcr.recorder.Event(pc, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonProxyClassInvalid, msg)
 		tsoperator.SetProxyClassCondition(pc, tsapi.ProxyClassReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonProxyClassInvalid, msg, pc.Generation, pcr.clock, logger)
 	} else {
 		tsoperator.SetProxyClassCondition(pc, tsapi.ProxyClassReady, metav1.ConditionTrue, reasonProxyClassValid, reasonProxyClassValid, pc.Generation, pcr.clock, logger)
 	}
-	if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldPCStatus, pc.Status) {
+	if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldPCStatus, &pc.Status) {
 		if err := pcr.Client.Status().Update(ctx, pc); err != nil {
 			logger.Errorf("error updating ProxyClass status: %v", err)
 			return reconcile.Result{}, err
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Re
 	return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 }
 
-func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) validate(pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) (violations field.ErrorList) {
+func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) validate(ctx context.Context, pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) (violations field.ErrorList) {
 	if sts := pc.Spec.StatefulSet; sts != nil {
 		if len(sts.Labels) > 0 {
 			if errs := metavalidation.ValidateLabels(sts.Labels, field.NewPath(".spec.statefulSet.labels")); errs != nil {
@@ -167,6 +168,16 @@ func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) validate(pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) (violations fiel
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	if pc.Spec.Metrics != nil && pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor != nil && pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor.Enable {
+		found, err := hasServiceMonitorCRD(ctx, pcr.Client)
+		if err != nil {
+			pcr.logger.Infof("[unexpected]: error retrieving %q CRD: %v", serviceMonitorCRD, err)
+			// best effort validation - don't error out here
+		} else if !found {
+			msg := fmt.Sprintf("ProxyClass defines that a ServiceMonitor custom resource should be created, but %q CRD was not found", serviceMonitorCRD)
+			violations = append(violations, field.TypeInvalid(field.NewPath("spec", "metrics", "serviceMonitor"), "enable", msg))
+		}
+	}
 	// We do not validate embedded fields (security context, resource
 	// requirements etc) as we inherit upstream validation for those fields.
 	// Invalid values would get rejected by upstream validations at apply
@@ -174,6 +185,16 @@ func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) validate(pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) (violations fiel
 	return violations
 }
 
+func hasServiceMonitorCRD(ctx context.Context, cl client.Client) (bool, error) {
+	sm := &apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{}
+	if err := cl.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Name: serviceMonitorCRD}, sm); apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
+		return false, nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return true, nil
+}
+
 // maybeCleanup removes tailscale.com finalizer and ensures that the ProxyClass
 // is no longer counted towards k8s_proxyclass_resources.
 func (pcr *ProxyClassReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, pc *tsapi.ProxyClass) error {

cmd/k8s-operator/proxyclass_test.go

@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/record"
@@ -134,6 +136,25 @@ func TestProxyClass(t *testing.T) {
 		"Warning CustomTSEnvVar ProxyClass overrides the default value for EXPERIMENTAL_ALLOW_PROXYING_CLUSTER_TRAFFIC_VIA_INGRESS env var for tailscale container. Running with custom values for Tailscale env vars is not recommended and might break in the future."}
 	expectReconciled(t, pcr, "", "test")
 	expectEvents(t, fr, expectedEvents)
+
+	// 6. A ProxyClass with ServiceMonitor enabled and in a cluster that has not ServiceMonitor CRD is invalid
+	pc.Spec.Metrics = &tsapi.Metrics{Enable: true, ServiceMonitor: &tsapi.ServiceMonitor{Enable: true}}
+	mustUpdate(t, fc, "", "test", func(proxyClass *tsapi.ProxyClass) {
+		proxyClass.Spec = pc.Spec
+	})
+	expectReconciled(t, pcr, "", "test")
+	msg = `ProxyClass is not valid: spec.metrics.serviceMonitor: Invalid value: "enable": ProxyClass defines that a ServiceMonitor custom resource should be created, but "servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com" CRD was not found`
+	tsoperator.SetProxyClassCondition(pc, tsapi.ProxyClassReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonProxyClassInvalid, msg, 0, cl, zl.Sugar())
+	expectEqual(t, fc, pc, nil)
+	expectedEvent = "Warning ProxyClassInvalid " + msg
+	expectEvents(t, fr, []string{expectedEvent})
+
+	// 7. A ProxyClass with ServiceMonitor enabled and in a cluster that does have the ServiceMonitor CRD is valid
+	crd := &apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: serviceMonitorCRD}}
+	mustCreate(t, fc, crd)
+	expectReconciled(t, pcr, "", "test")
+	tsoperator.SetProxyClassCondition(pc, tsapi.ProxyClassReady, metav1.ConditionTrue, reasonProxyClassValid, reasonProxyClassValid, 0, cl, zl.Sugar())
+	expectEqual(t, fc, pc, nil)
 }
 
 func TestValidateProxyClass(t *testing.T) {
@@ -180,7 +201,7 @@ func TestValidateProxyClass(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			pcr := &ProxyClassReconciler{}
-			err := pcr.validate(tc.pc)
+			err := pcr.validate(context.Background(), tc.pc)
 			valid := err == nil
 			if valid != tc.valid {
 				t.Errorf("expected valid=%v, got valid=%v, err=%v", tc.valid, valid, err)

cmd/k8s-operator/proxygroup.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -45,6 +46,9 @@ const (
 	reasonProxyGroupReady          = "ProxyGroupReady"
 	reasonProxyGroupCreating       = "ProxyGroupCreating"
 	reasonProxyGroupInvalid        = "ProxyGroupInvalid"
+
+	// Copied from k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/registry/generic/registry/store.go@cccad306d649184bf2a0e319ba830c53f65c445c
+	optimisticLockErrorMsg = "the object has been modified; please apply your changes to the latest version and try again"
 )
 
 var gaugeProxyGroupResources = clientmetric.NewGauge(kubetypes.MetricProxyGroupEgressCount)
@@ -110,7 +114,7 @@ func (r *ProxyGroupReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 	oldPGStatus := pg.Status.DeepCopy()
 	setStatusReady := func(pg *tsapi.ProxyGroup, status metav1.ConditionStatus, reason, message string) (reconcile.Result, error) {
 		tsoperator.SetProxyGroupCondition(pg, tsapi.ProxyGroupReady, status, reason, message, pg.Generation, r.clock, logger)
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldPGStatus, pg.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldPGStatus, &pg.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			if updateErr := r.Client.Status().Update(ctx, pg); updateErr != nil {
 				err = errors.Wrap(err, updateErr.Error())
@@ -166,9 +170,17 @@ func (r *ProxyGroupReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Requ
 	}
 
 	if err = r.maybeProvision(ctx, pg, proxyClass); err != nil {
-		err = fmt.Errorf("error provisioning ProxyGroup resources: %w", err)
-		r.recorder.Eventf(pg, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonProxyGroupCreationFailed, err.Error())
-		return setStatusReady(pg, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonProxyGroupCreationFailed, err.Error())
+		reason := reasonProxyGroupCreationFailed
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("error provisioning ProxyGroup resources: %s", err)
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			reason = reasonProxyGroupCreating
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+			err = nil
+			logger.Info(msg)
+		} else {
+			r.recorder.Eventf(pg, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reason, msg)
+		}
+		return setStatusReady(pg, metav1.ConditionFalse, reason, msg)
 	}
 
 	desiredReplicas := int(pgReplicas(pg))
@@ -259,6 +271,15 @@ func (r *ProxyGroupReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, pg *tsapi.Pro
 	}); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error provisioning StatefulSet: %w", err)
 	}
+	mo := &metricsOpts{
+		tsNamespace:  r.tsNamespace,
+		proxyStsName: pg.Name,
+		proxyLabels:  pgLabels(pg.Name, nil),
+		proxyType:    "proxygroup",
+	}
+	if err := reconcileMetricsResources(ctx, logger, mo, proxyClass, r.Client); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error reconciling metrics resources: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	if err := r.cleanupDanglingResources(ctx, pg); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error cleaning up dangling resources: %w", err)
@@ -327,6 +348,14 @@ func (r *ProxyGroupReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, pg *tsapi.Proxy
 		}
 	}
 
+	mo := &metricsOpts{
+		proxyLabels: pgLabels(pg.Name, nil),
+		tsNamespace: r.tsNamespace,
+		proxyType:   "proxygroup"}
+	if err := maybeCleanupMetricsResources(ctx, mo, r.Client); err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("error cleaning up metrics resources: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	logger.Infof("cleaned up ProxyGroup resources")
 	r.mu.Lock()
 	r.proxyGroups.Remove(pg.UID)

cmd/k8s-operator/proxygroup_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	appsv1 "k8s.io/api/apps/v1"
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	rbacv1 "k8s.io/api/rbac/v1"
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/record"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
@@ -76,6 +77,13 @@ func TestProxyGroup(t *testing.T) {
 		l:        zl.Sugar(),
 		clock:    cl,
 	}
+	crd := &apiextensionsv1.CustomResourceDefinition{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: serviceMonitorCRD}}
+	opts := configOpts{
+		proxyType:          "proxygroup",
+		stsName:            pg.Name,
+		parentType:         "proxygroup",
+		tailscaleNamespace: "tailscale",
+	}
 
 	t.Run("proxyclass_not_ready", func(t *testing.T) {
 		expectReconciled(t, reconciler, "", pg.Name)
@@ -190,6 +198,27 @@ func TestProxyGroup(t *testing.T) {
 		expectProxyGroupResources(t, fc, pg, true, "518a86e9fae64f270f8e0ec2a2ea6ca06c10f725035d3d6caca132cd61e42a74")
 	})
 
+	t.Run("enable_metrics", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pc.Spec.Metrics = &tsapi.Metrics{Enable: true}
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "", pc.Name, func(p *tsapi.ProxyClass) {
+			p.Spec = pc.Spec
+		})
+		expectReconciled(t, reconciler, "", pg.Name)
+		expectEqual(t, fc, expectedMetricsService(opts), nil)
+	})
+	t.Run("enable_service_monitor_no_crd", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pc.Spec.Metrics.ServiceMonitor = &tsapi.ServiceMonitor{Enable: true}
+		mustUpdate(t, fc, "", pc.Name, func(p *tsapi.ProxyClass) {
+			p.Spec.Metrics = pc.Spec.Metrics
+		})
+		expectReconciled(t, reconciler, "", pg.Name)
+	})
+	t.Run("create_crd_expect_service_monitor", func(t *testing.T) {
+		mustCreate(t, fc, crd)
+		expectReconciled(t, reconciler, "", pg.Name)
+		expectEqualUnstructured(t, fc, expectedServiceMonitor(t, opts))
+	})
+
 	t.Run("delete_and_cleanup", func(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := fc.Delete(context.Background(), pg); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
@@ -197,7 +226,7 @@ func TestProxyGroup(t *testing.T) {
 
 		expectReconciled(t, reconciler, "", pg.Name)
 
-		expectMissing[tsapi.Recorder](t, fc, "", pg.Name)
+		expectMissing[tsapi.ProxyGroup](t, fc, "", pg.Name)
 		if expected := 0; reconciler.proxyGroups.Len() != expected {
 			t.Fatalf("expected %d ProxyGroups, got %d", expected, reconciler.proxyGroups.Len())
 		}
@@ -206,6 +235,7 @@ func TestProxyGroup(t *testing.T) {
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(tsClient.deleted, []string{"nodeid-1", "nodeid-2", "nodeid-0"}); diff != "" {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected deleted devices (-got +want):\n%s", diff)
 		}
+		expectMissing[corev1.Service](t, reconciler, "tailscale", metricsResourceName(pg.Name))
 		// The fake client does not clean up objects whose owner has been
 		// deleted, so we can't test for the owned resources getting deleted.
 	})

cmd/k8s-operator/sts.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"slices"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -94,6 +95,12 @@ const (
 	podAnnotationLastSetTailnetTargetFQDN = "tailscale.com/operator-last-set-ts-tailnet-target-fqdn"
 	// podAnnotationLastSetConfigFileHash is sha256 hash of the current tailscaled configuration contents.
 	podAnnotationLastSetConfigFileHash = "tailscale.com/operator-last-set-config-file-hash"
+
+	proxyTypeEgress          = "egress_service"
+	proxyTypeIngressService  = "ingress_service"
+	proxyTypeIngressResource = "ingress_resource"
+	proxyTypeConnector       = "connector"
+	proxyTypeProxyGroup      = "proxygroup"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -122,6 +129,8 @@ type tailscaleSTSConfig struct {
 	Hostname string
 	Tags     []string // if empty, use defaultTags
 
+	proxyType string
+
 	// Connector specifies a configuration of a Connector instance if that's
 	// what this StatefulSet should be created for.
 	Connector *connector
@@ -189,22 +198,30 @@ func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) Provision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 	}
 	sts.ProxyClass = proxyClass
 
-	secretName, tsConfigHash, configs, err := a.createOrGetSecret(ctx, logger, sts, hsvc)
+	secretName, tsConfigHash, _, err := a.createOrGetSecret(ctx, logger, sts, hsvc)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create or get API key secret: %w", err)
 	}
-	_, err = a.reconcileSTS(ctx, logger, sts, hsvc, secretName, tsConfigHash, configs)
+	_, err = a.reconcileSTS(ctx, logger, sts, hsvc, secretName, tsConfigHash)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to reconcile statefulset: %w", err)
 	}
-
+	mo := &metricsOpts{
+		proxyStsName: hsvc.Name,
+		tsNamespace:  hsvc.Namespace,
+		proxyLabels:  hsvc.Labels,
+		proxyType:    sts.proxyType,
+	}
+	if err = reconcileMetricsResources(ctx, logger, mo, sts.ProxyClass, a.Client); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to ensure metrics resources: %w", err)
+	}
 	return hsvc, nil
 }
 
 // Cleanup removes all resources associated that were created by Provision with
 // the given labels. It returns true when all resources have been removed,
 // otherwise it returns false and the caller should retry later.
-func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) Cleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, labels map[string]string) (done bool, _ error) {
+func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) Cleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, labels map[string]string, typ string) (done bool, _ error) {
 	// Need to delete the StatefulSet first, and delete it with foreground
 	// cascading deletion. That way, the pod that's writing to the Secret will
 	// stop running before we start looking at the Secret's contents, and
@@ -230,21 +247,21 @@ func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) Cleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Sugare
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	id, _, _, err := a.DeviceInfo(ctx, labels)
+	dev, err := a.DeviceInfo(ctx, labels, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("getting device info: %w", err)
 	}
-	if id != "" {
-		logger.Debugf("deleting device %s from control", string(id))
-		if err := a.tsClient.DeleteDevice(ctx, string(id)); err != nil {
+	if dev != nil && dev.id != "" {
+		logger.Debugf("deleting device %s from control", string(dev.id))
+		if err := a.tsClient.DeleteDevice(ctx, string(dev.id)); err != nil {
 			errResp := &tailscale.ErrResponse{}
 			if ok := errors.As(err, errResp); ok && errResp.Status == http.StatusNotFound {
-				logger.Debugf("device %s not found, likely because it has already been deleted from control", string(id))
+				logger.Debugf("device %s not found, likely because it has already been deleted from control", string(dev.id))
 			} else {
 				return false, fmt.Errorf("deleting device: %w", err)
 			}
 		} else {
-			logger.Debugf("device %s deleted from control", string(id))
+			logger.Debugf("device %s deleted from control", string(dev.id))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -257,6 +274,14 @@ func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) Cleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Sugare
 			return false, err
 		}
 	}
+	mo := &metricsOpts{
+		proxyLabels: labels,
+		tsNamespace: a.operatorNamespace,
+		proxyType:   typ,
+	}
+	if err := maybeCleanupMetricsResources(ctx, mo, a.Client); err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("error cleaning up metrics resources: %w", err)
+	}
 	return true, nil
 }
 
@@ -416,40 +441,66 @@ func sanitizeConfigBytes(c ipn.ConfigVAlpha) string {
 // that acts as an operator proxy. It retrieves info from a Kubernetes Secret
 // labeled with the provided labels.
 // Either of device ID, hostname and IPs can be empty string if not found in the Secret.
-func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) DeviceInfo(ctx context.Context, childLabels map[string]string) (id tailcfg.StableNodeID, hostname string, ips []string, err error) {
+func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) DeviceInfo(ctx context.Context, childLabels map[string]string, logger *zap.SugaredLogger) (dev *device, err error) {
 	sec, err := getSingleObject[corev1.Secret](ctx, a.Client, a.operatorNamespace, childLabels)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", "", nil, err
+		return dev, err
 	}
 	if sec == nil {
-		return "", "", nil, nil
+		return dev, nil
+	}
+	pod := new(corev1.Pod)
+	if err := a.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{Namespace: sec.Namespace, Name: sec.Name}, pod); err != nil && !apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
+		return dev, nil
 	}
 
-	return deviceInfo(sec)
+	return deviceInfo(sec, pod, logger)
 }
 
-func deviceInfo(sec *corev1.Secret) (id tailcfg.StableNodeID, hostname string, ips []string, err error) {
-	id = tailcfg.StableNodeID(sec.Data["device_id"])
+// device contains tailscale state of a proxy device as gathered from its tailscale state Secret.
+type device struct {
+	id       tailcfg.StableNodeID // device's stable ID
+	hostname string               // MagicDNS name of the device
+	ips      []string             // Tailscale IPs of the device
+	// ingressDNSName is the L7 Ingress DNS name. In practice this will be the same value as hostname, but only set
+	// when the device has been configured to serve traffic on it via 'tailscale serve'.
+	ingressDNSName string
+}
+
+func deviceInfo(sec *corev1.Secret, pod *corev1.Pod, log *zap.SugaredLogger) (dev *device, err error) {
+	id := tailcfg.StableNodeID(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyDeviceID])
 	if id == "" {
-		return "", "", nil, nil
+		return dev, nil
 	}
+	dev = &device{id: id}
 	// Kubernetes chokes on well-formed FQDNs with the trailing dot, so we have
 	// to remove it.
-	hostname = strings.TrimSuffix(string(sec.Data["device_fqdn"]), ".")
-	if hostname == "" {
+	dev.hostname = strings.TrimSuffix(string(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyDeviceFQDN]), ".")
+	if dev.hostname == "" {
 		// Device ID gets stored and retrieved in a different flow than
 		// FQDN and IPs. A device that acts as Kubernetes operator
-		// proxy, but whose route setup has failed might have an device
+		// proxy, but whose route setup has failed might have a device
 		// ID, but no FQDN/IPs. If so, return the ID, to allow the
 		// operator to clean up such devices.
-		return id, "", nil, nil
+		return dev, nil
 	}
-	if rawDeviceIPs, ok := sec.Data["device_ips"]; ok {
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(rawDeviceIPs, &ips); err != nil {
-			return "", "", nil, err
+	// TODO(irbekrm): we fall back to using the hostname field to determine Ingress's hostname to ensure backwards
+	// compatibility. In 1.82 we can remove this fallback mechanism.
+	dev.ingressDNSName = dev.hostname
+	if proxyCapVer(sec, pod, log) >= 109 {
+		dev.ingressDNSName = strings.TrimSuffix(string(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyHTTPSEndpoint]), ".")
+		if strings.EqualFold(dev.ingressDNSName, kubetypes.ValueNoHTTPS) {
+			dev.ingressDNSName = ""
 		}
 	}
-	return id, hostname, ips, nil
+	if rawDeviceIPs, ok := sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyDeviceIPs]; ok {
+		ips := make([]string, 0)
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(rawDeviceIPs, &ips); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		dev.ips = ips
+	}
+	return dev, nil
 }
 
 func newAuthKey(ctx context.Context, tsClient tsClient, tags []string) (string, error) {
@@ -476,7 +527,7 @@ var proxyYaml []byte
 //go:embed deploy/manifests/userspace-proxy.yaml
 var userspaceProxyYaml []byte
 
-func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) reconcileSTS(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, sts *tailscaleSTSConfig, headlessSvc *corev1.Service, proxySecret, tsConfigHash string, _ map[tailcfg.CapabilityVersion]ipn.ConfigVAlpha) (*appsv1.StatefulSet, error) {
+func (a *tailscaleSTSReconciler) reconcileSTS(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, sts *tailscaleSTSConfig, headlessSvc *corev1.Service, proxySecret, tsConfigHash string) (*appsv1.StatefulSet, error) {
 	ss := new(appsv1.StatefulSet)
 	if sts.ServeConfig != nil && sts.ForwardClusterTrafficViaL7IngressProxy != true { // If forwarding cluster traffic via is required we need non-userspace + NET_ADMIN + forwarding
 		if err := yaml.Unmarshal(userspaceProxyYaml, &ss); err != nil {
@@ -818,7 +869,7 @@ func enableEndpoints(ss *appsv1.StatefulSet, metrics, debug bool) {
 						Value: "$(POD_IP):9002",
 					},
 					corev1.EnvVar{
-						Name:  "TS_METRICS_ENABLED",
+						Name:  "TS_ENABLE_METRICS",
 						Value: "true",
 					},
 				)
@@ -854,17 +905,10 @@ func tailscaledConfig(stsC *tailscaleSTSConfig, newAuthkey string, oldSecret *co
 		AcceptRoutes:        "false", // AcceptRoutes defaults to true
 		Locked:              "false",
 		Hostname:            &stsC.Hostname,
-		NoStatefulFiltering: "false",
+		NoStatefulFiltering: "true", // Explicitly enforce default value, see #14216
 		AppConnector:        &ipn.AppConnectorPrefs{Advertise: false},
 	}
 
-	// For egress proxies only, we need to ensure that stateful filtering is
-	// not in place so that traffic from cluster can be forwarded via
-	// Tailscale IPs.
-	// TODO (irbekrm): set it to true always as this is now the default in core.
-	if stsC.TailnetTargetFQDN != "" || stsC.TailnetTargetIP != "" {
-		conf.NoStatefulFiltering = "true"
-	}
 	if stsC.Connector != nil {
 		routes, err := netutil.CalcAdvertiseRoutes(stsC.Connector.routes, stsC.Connector.isExitNode)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1067,3 +1111,23 @@ func nameForService(svc *corev1.Service) string {
 func isValidFirewallMode(m string) bool {
 	return m == "auto" || m == "nftables" || m == "iptables"
 }
+
+// proxyCapVer accepts a proxy state Secret and a proxy Pod returns the capability version of a proxy Pod.
+// This is best effort - if the capability version can not (currently) be determined, it returns -1.
+func proxyCapVer(sec *corev1.Secret, pod *corev1.Pod, log *zap.SugaredLogger) tailcfg.CapabilityVersion {
+	if sec == nil || pod == nil {
+		return tailcfg.CapabilityVersion(-1)
+	}
+	if len(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyCapVer]) == 0 || len(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyPodUID]) == 0 {
+		return tailcfg.CapabilityVersion(-1)
+	}
+	capVer, err := strconv.Atoi(string(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyCapVer]))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Infof("[unexpected]: unexpected capability version in proxy's state Secret, expected an integer, got %q", string(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyCapVer]))
+		return tailcfg.CapabilityVersion(-1)
+	}
+	if !strings.EqualFold(string(pod.ObjectMeta.UID), string(sec.Data[kubetypes.KeyPodUID])) {
+		return tailcfg.CapabilityVersion(-1)
+	}
+	return tailcfg.CapabilityVersion(capVer)
+}

cmd/k8s-operator/sts_test.go

@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ func Test_applyProxyClassToStatefulSet(t *testing.T) {
 		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT", Value: "$(POD_IP):9001"},
 		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_TAILSCALED_EXTRA_ARGS", Value: "--debug=$(TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT)"},
 		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT", Value: "$(POD_IP):9002"},
-		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_METRICS_ENABLED", Value: "true"},
+		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_ENABLE_METRICS", Value: "true"},
 	)
 	wantSS.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Ports = []corev1.ContainerPort{
 		{Name: "debug", Protocol: "TCP", ContainerPort: 9001},
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ func Test_applyProxyClassToStatefulSet(t *testing.T) {
 	wantSS = nonUserspaceProxySS.DeepCopy()
 	wantSS.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Env = append(wantSS.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Env,
 		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT", Value: "$(POD_IP):9002"},
-		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_METRICS_ENABLED", Value: "true"},
+		corev1.EnvVar{Name: "TS_ENABLE_METRICS", Value: "true"},
 	)
 	wantSS.Spec.Template.Spec.Containers[0].Ports = []corev1.ContainerPort{{Name: "metrics", Protocol: "TCP", ContainerPort: 9002}}
 	gotSS = applyProxyClassToStatefulSet(proxyClassWithMetricsDebug(true, ptr.To(false)), nonUserspaceProxySS.DeepCopy(), new(tailscaleSTSConfig), zl.Sugar())

cmd/k8s-operator/svc.go

@@ -121,7 +121,15 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Request
 		return reconcile.Result{}, a.maybeCleanup(ctx, logger, svc)
 	}
 
-	return reconcile.Result{}, a.maybeProvision(ctx, logger, svc)
+	if err := a.maybeProvision(ctx, logger, svc); err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			logger.Infof("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+		} else {
+			return reconcile.Result{}, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reconcile.Result{}, nil
 }
 
 // maybeCleanup removes any existing resources related to serving svc over tailscale.
@@ -131,7 +139,7 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Request
 func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, svc *corev1.Service) (err error) {
 	oldSvcStatus := svc.Status.DeepCopy()
 	defer func() {
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldSvcStatus, svc.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldSvcStatus, &svc.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			err = errors.Join(err, a.Client.Status().Update(ctx, svc))
 		}
@@ -152,7 +160,12 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Sugare
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(svc.Name, svc.Namespace, "svc")); err != nil {
+	proxyTyp := proxyTypeEgress
+	if a.shouldExpose(svc) {
+		proxyTyp = proxyTypeIngressService
+	}
+
+	if done, err := a.ssr.Cleanup(ctx, logger, childResourceLabels(svc.Name, svc.Namespace, "svc"), proxyTyp); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to cleanup: %w", err)
 	} else if !done {
 		logger.Debugf("cleanup not done yet, waiting for next reconcile")
@@ -191,7 +204,7 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeCleanup(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Sugare
 func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.SugaredLogger, svc *corev1.Service) (err error) {
 	oldSvcStatus := svc.Status.DeepCopy()
 	defer func() {
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldSvcStatus, svc.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldSvcStatus, &svc.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			err = errors.Join(err, a.Client.Status().Update(ctx, svc))
 		}
@@ -256,6 +269,10 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		ChildResourceLabels: crl,
 		ProxyClassName:      proxyClass,
 	}
+	sts.proxyType = proxyTypeEgress
+	if a.shouldExpose(svc) {
+		sts.proxyType = proxyTypeIngressService
+	}
 
 	a.mu.Lock()
 	if a.shouldExposeClusterIP(svc) {
@@ -311,11 +328,11 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	_, tsHost, tsIPs, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl)
+	dev, err := a.ssr.DeviceInfo(ctx, crl, logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get device ID: %w", err)
 	}
-	if tsHost == "" {
+	if dev == nil || dev.hostname == "" {
 		msg := "no Tailscale hostname known yet, waiting for proxy pod to finish auth"
 		logger.Debug(msg)
 		// No hostname yet. Wait for the proxy pod to auth.
@@ -324,9 +341,9 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	logger.Debugf("setting Service LoadBalancer status to %q, %s", tsHost, strings.Join(tsIPs, ", "))
+	logger.Debugf("setting Service LoadBalancer status to %q, %s", dev.hostname, strings.Join(dev.ips, ", "))
 	ingress := []corev1.LoadBalancerIngress{
-		{Hostname: tsHost},
+		{Hostname: dev.hostname},
 	}
 	clusterIPAddr, err := netip.ParseAddr(svc.Spec.ClusterIP)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -334,7 +351,7 @@ func (a *ServiceReconciler) maybeProvision(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Suga
 		tsoperator.SetServiceCondition(svc, tsapi.ProxyReady, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonProxyFailed, msg, a.clock, logger)
 		return errors.New(msg)
 	}
-	for _, ip := range tsIPs {
+	for _, ip := range dev.ips {
 		addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(ip)
 		if err != nil {
 			continue

cmd/k8s-operator/testutils_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
 	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
+	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/unstructured"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/record"
 	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
@@ -39,7 +41,10 @@ type configOpts struct {
 	secretName                                     string
 	hostname                                       string
 	namespace                                      string
+	tailscaleNamespace                             string
+	namespaced                                     bool
 	parentType                                     string
+	proxyType                                      string
 	priorityClassName                              string
 	firewallMode                                   string
 	tailnetTargetIP                                string
@@ -56,6 +61,7 @@ type configOpts struct {
 	app                                            string
 	shouldRemoveAuthKey                            bool
 	secretExtraData                                map[string][]byte
+	enableMetrics                                  bool
 }
 
 func expectedSTS(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *appsv1.StatefulSet {
@@ -76,9 +82,7 @@ func expectedSTS(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *appsv1.Statef
 			{Name: "TS_EXPERIMENTAL_VERSIONED_CONFIG_DIR", Value: "/etc/tsconfig"},
 		},
 		SecurityContext: &corev1.SecurityContext{
-			Capabilities: &corev1.Capabilities{
-				Add: []corev1.Capability{"NET_ADMIN"},
-			},
+			Privileged: ptr.To(true),
 		},
 		ImagePullPolicy: "Always",
 	}
@@ -152,6 +156,29 @@ func expectedSTS(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *appsv1.Statef
 		Name:  "TS_INTERNAL_APP",
 		Value: opts.app,
 	})
+	if opts.enableMetrics {
+		tsContainer.Env = append(tsContainer.Env,
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT",
+				Value: "$(POD_IP):9001"},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_TAILSCALED_EXTRA_ARGS",
+				Value: "--debug=$(TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT)",
+			},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT",
+				Value: "$(POD_IP):9002",
+			},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_ENABLE_METRICS",
+				Value: "true",
+			},
+		)
+		tsContainer.Ports = append(tsContainer.Ports,
+			corev1.ContainerPort{Name: "debug", ContainerPort: 9001, Protocol: "TCP"},
+			corev1.ContainerPort{Name: "metrics", ContainerPort: 9002, Protocol: "TCP"},
+		)
+	}
 	ss := &appsv1.StatefulSet{
 		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
 			Kind:       "StatefulSet",
@@ -243,6 +270,29 @@ func expectedSTSUserspace(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *apps
 			{Name: "serve-config", ReadOnly: true, MountPath: "/etc/tailscaled"},
 		},
 	}
+	if opts.enableMetrics {
+		tsContainer.Env = append(tsContainer.Env,
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT",
+				Value: "$(POD_IP):9001"},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_TAILSCALED_EXTRA_ARGS",
+				Value: "--debug=$(TS_DEBUG_ADDR_PORT)",
+			},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_LOCAL_ADDR_PORT",
+				Value: "$(POD_IP):9002",
+			},
+			corev1.EnvVar{
+				Name:  "TS_ENABLE_METRICS",
+				Value: "true",
+			},
+		)
+		tsContainer.Ports = append(tsContainer.Ports, corev1.ContainerPort{
+			Name: "debug", ContainerPort: 9001, Protocol: "TCP"},
+			corev1.ContainerPort{Name: "metrics", ContainerPort: 9002, Protocol: "TCP"},
+		)
+	}
 	volumes := []corev1.Volume{
 		{
 			Name: "tailscaledconfig",
@@ -337,6 +387,87 @@ func expectedHeadlessService(name string, parentType string) *corev1.Service {
 	}
 }
 
+func expectedMetricsService(opts configOpts) *corev1.Service {
+	labels := metricsLabels(opts)
+	selector := map[string]string{
+		"tailscale.com/managed":              "true",
+		"tailscale.com/parent-resource":      "test",
+		"tailscale.com/parent-resource-type": opts.parentType,
+	}
+	if opts.namespaced {
+		selector["tailscale.com/parent-resource-ns"] = opts.namespace
+	}
+	return &corev1.Service{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:      metricsResourceName(opts.stsName),
+			Namespace: opts.tailscaleNamespace,
+			Labels:    labels,
+		},
+		Spec: corev1.ServiceSpec{
+			Selector: selector,
+			Type:     corev1.ServiceTypeClusterIP,
+			Ports:    []corev1.ServicePort{{Protocol: "TCP", Port: 9002, Name: "metrics"}},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func metricsLabels(opts configOpts) map[string]string {
+	promJob := fmt.Sprintf("ts_%s_default_test", opts.proxyType)
+	if !opts.namespaced {
+		promJob = fmt.Sprintf("ts_%s_test", opts.proxyType)
+	}
+	labels := map[string]string{
+		"tailscale.com/managed":        "true",
+		"tailscale.com/metrics-target": opts.stsName,
+		"ts_prom_job":                  promJob,
+		"ts_proxy_type":                opts.proxyType,
+		"ts_proxy_parent_name":         "test",
+	}
+	if opts.namespaced {
+		labels["ts_proxy_parent_namespace"] = "default"
+	}
+	return labels
+}
+
+func expectedServiceMonitor(t *testing.T, opts configOpts) *unstructured.Unstructured {
+	t.Helper()
+	labels := metricsLabels(opts)
+	name := metricsResourceName(opts.stsName)
+	sm := &ServiceMonitor{
+		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+			Name:            name,
+			Namespace:       opts.tailscaleNamespace,
+			Labels:          labels,
+			ResourceVersion: "1",
+			OwnerReferences: []metav1.OwnerReference{{APIVersion: "v1", Kind: "Service", Name: name, BlockOwnerDeletion: ptr.To(true), Controller: ptr.To(true)}},
+		},
+		TypeMeta: metav1.TypeMeta{
+			Kind:       "ServiceMonitor",
+			APIVersion: "monitoring.coreos.com/v1",
+		},
+		Spec: ServiceMonitorSpec{
+			Selector: metav1.LabelSelector{MatchLabels: labels},
+			Endpoints: []ServiceMonitorEndpoint{{
+				Port: "metrics",
+			}},
+			NamespaceSelector: ServiceMonitorNamespaceSelector{
+				MatchNames: []string{opts.tailscaleNamespace},
+			},
+			JobLabel: "ts_prom_job",
+			TargetLabels: []string{
+				"ts_proxy_parent_name",
+				"ts_proxy_parent_namespace",
+				"ts_proxy_type",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	u, err := serviceMonitorToUnstructured(sm)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("error converting ServiceMonitor to unstructured: %v", err)
+	}
+	return u
+}
+
 func expectedSecret(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *corev1.Secret {
 	t.Helper()
 	s := &corev1.Secret{
@@ -353,13 +484,14 @@ func expectedSecret(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *corev1.Sec
 		mak.Set(&s.StringData, "serve-config", string(serveConfigBs))
 	}
 	conf := &ipn.ConfigVAlpha{
-		Version:      "alpha0",
-		AcceptDNS:    "false",
-		Hostname:     &opts.hostname,
-		Locked:       "false",
-		AuthKey:      ptr.To("secret-authkey"),
-		AcceptRoutes: "false",
-		AppConnector: &ipn.AppConnectorPrefs{Advertise: false},
+		Version:             "alpha0",
+		AcceptDNS:           "false",
+		Hostname:            &opts.hostname,
+		Locked:              "false",
+		AuthKey:             ptr.To("secret-authkey"),
+		AcceptRoutes:        "false",
+		AppConnector:        &ipn.AppConnectorPrefs{Advertise: false},
+		NoStatefulFiltering: "true",
 	}
 	if opts.proxyClass != "" {
 		t.Logf("applying configuration from ProxyClass %s", opts.proxyClass)
@@ -391,11 +523,6 @@ func expectedSecret(t *testing.T, cl client.Client, opts configOpts) *corev1.Sec
 			routes = append(routes, prefix)
 		}
 	}
-	if opts.tailnetTargetFQDN != "" || opts.tailnetTargetIP != "" {
-		conf.NoStatefulFiltering = "true"
-	} else {
-		conf.NoStatefulFiltering = "false"
-	}
 	conf.AdvertiseRoutes = routes
 	bnn, err := json.Marshal(conf)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -508,6 +635,21 @@ func expectEqual[T any, O ptrObject[T]](t *testing.T, client client.Client, want
 	}
 }
 
+func expectEqualUnstructured(t *testing.T, client client.Client, want *unstructured.Unstructured) {
+	t.Helper()
+	got := &unstructured.Unstructured{}
+	got.SetGroupVersionKind(want.GroupVersionKind())
+	if err := client.Get(context.Background(), types.NamespacedName{
+		Name:      want.GetName(),
+		Namespace: want.GetNamespace(),
+	}, got); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("getting %q: %v", want.GetName(), err)
+	}
+	if diff := cmp.Diff(got, want); diff != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected contents of Unstructured (-got +want):\n%s", diff)
+	}
+}
+
 func expectMissing[T any, O ptrObject[T]](t *testing.T, client client.Client, ns, name string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	obj := O(new(T))
@@ -650,7 +792,7 @@ func removeHashAnnotation(sts *appsv1.StatefulSet) {
 func removeTargetPortsFromSvc(svc *corev1.Service) {
 	newPorts := make([]corev1.ServicePort, 0)
 	for _, p := range svc.Spec.Ports {
-		newPorts = append(newPorts, corev1.ServicePort{Protocol: p.Protocol, Port: p.Port})
+		newPorts = append(newPorts, corev1.ServicePort{Protocol: p.Protocol, Port: p.Port, Name: p.Name})
 	}
 	svc.Spec.Ports = newPorts
 }

cmd/k8s-operator/tsrecorder.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	reasonRecorderCreationFailed = "RecorderCreationFailed"
+	reasonRecorderCreating       = "RecorderCreating"
 	reasonRecorderCreated        = "RecorderCreated"
 	reasonRecorderInvalid        = "RecorderInvalid"
 
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ func (r *RecorderReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Reques
 	oldTSRStatus := tsr.Status.DeepCopy()
 	setStatusReady := func(tsr *tsapi.Recorder, status metav1.ConditionStatus, reason, message string) (reconcile.Result, error) {
 		tsoperator.SetRecorderCondition(tsr, tsapi.RecorderReady, status, reason, message, tsr.Generation, r.clock, logger)
-		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldTSRStatus, tsr.Status) {
+		if !apiequality.Semantic.DeepEqual(oldTSRStatus, &tsr.Status) {
 			// An error encountered here should get returned by the Reconcile function.
 			if updateErr := r.Client.Status().Update(ctx, tsr); updateErr != nil {
 				err = errors.Wrap(err, updateErr.Error())
@@ -119,23 +121,28 @@ func (r *RecorderReconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req reconcile.Reques
 		logger.Infof("ensuring Recorder is set up")
 		tsr.Finalizers = append(tsr.Finalizers, FinalizerName)
 		if err := r.Update(ctx, tsr); err != nil {
-			logger.Errorf("error adding finalizer: %w", err)
 			return setStatusReady(tsr, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonRecorderCreationFailed, reasonRecorderCreationFailed)
 		}
 	}
 
 	if err := r.validate(tsr); err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("error validating Recorder spec: %w", err)
 		message := fmt.Sprintf("Recorder is invalid: %s", err)
 		r.recorder.Eventf(tsr, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonRecorderInvalid, message)
 		return setStatusReady(tsr, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonRecorderInvalid, message)
 	}
 
 	if err = r.maybeProvision(ctx, tsr); err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("error creating Recorder resources: %w", err)
+		reason := reasonRecorderCreationFailed
 		message := fmt.Sprintf("failed creating Recorder: %s", err)
-		r.recorder.Eventf(tsr, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonRecorderCreationFailed, message)
-		return setStatusReady(tsr, metav1.ConditionFalse, reasonRecorderCreationFailed, message)
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), optimisticLockErrorMsg) {
+			reason = reasonRecorderCreating
+			message = fmt.Sprintf("optimistic lock error, retrying: %s", err)
+			err = nil
+			logger.Info(message)
+		} else {
+			r.recorder.Eventf(tsr, corev1.EventTypeWarning, reasonRecorderCreationFailed, message)
+		}
+		return setStatusReady(tsr, metav1.ConditionFalse, reason, message)
 	}
 
 	logger.Info("Recorder resources synced")

cmd/stunc/stunc.go

@@ -5,24 +5,40 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"flag"
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
+	"time"
 
 	"tailscale.com/net/stun"
 )
 
 func main() {
 	log.SetFlags(0)
-
-	if len(os.Args) < 2 || len(os.Args) > 3 {
-		log.Fatalf("usage: %s <hostname> [port]", os.Args[0])
-	}
-	host := os.Args[1]
+	var host string
 	port := "3478"
-	if len(os.Args) == 3 {
-		port = os.Args[2]
+
+	var readTimeout time.Duration
+	flag.DurationVar(&readTimeout, "timeout", 3*time.Second, "response wait timeout")
+
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	values := flag.Args()
+	if len(values) < 1 || len(values) > 2 {
+		log.Printf("usage: %s <hostname> [port]", os.Args[0])
+		flag.PrintDefaults()
+		os.Exit(1)
+	} else {
+		for i, value := range values {
+			switch i {
+			case 0:
+				host = value
+			case 1:
+				port = value
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	_, err := strconv.ParseUint(port, 10, 16)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -46,6 +62,10 @@ func main() {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
+	err = c.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(readTimeout))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	var buf [1024]byte
 	n, raddr, err := c.ReadFromUDPAddrPort(buf[:])
 	if err != nil {

cmd/tailscale/cli/debug.go

@@ -175,6 +175,12 @@ var debugCmd = &ffcli.Command{
 			Exec:       localAPIAction("pick-new-derp"),
 			ShortHelp:  "Switch to some other random DERP home region for a short time",
 		},
+		{
+			Name:       "force-prefer-derp",
+			ShortUsage: "tailscale debug force-prefer-derp",
+			Exec:       forcePreferDERP,
+			ShortHelp:  "Prefer the given region ID if reachable (until restart, or 0 to clear)",
+		},
 		{
 			Name:       "force-netmap-update",
 			ShortUsage: "tailscale debug force-netmap-update",
@@ -577,6 +583,25 @@ func runDERPMap(ctx context.Context, args []string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func forcePreferDERP(ctx context.Context, args []string) error {
+	var n int
+	if len(args) != 1 {
+		return errors.New("expected exactly one integer argument")
+	}
+	n, err := strconv.Atoi(args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected exactly one integer argument: %w", err)
+	}
+	b, err := json.Marshal(n)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal DERP region: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := localClient.DebugActionBody(ctx, "force-prefer-derp", bytes.NewReader(b)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to force preferred DERP: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func localAPIAction(action string) func(context.Context, []string) error {
 	return func(ctx context.Context, args []string) error {
 		if len(args) > 0 {

cmd/tailscale/cli/up.go

@@ -1157,7 +1157,6 @@ func resolveAuthKey(ctx context.Context, v, tags string) (string, error) {
 		ClientID:     "some-client-id", // ignored
 		ClientSecret: clientSecret,
 		TokenURL:     baseURL + "/api/v2/oauth/token",
-		Scopes:       []string{"device"},
 	}
 
 	tsClient := tailscale.NewClient("-", nil)

control/controlhttp/client.go

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ func (a *Dialer) dial(ctx context.Context) (*ClientConn, error) {
 		results[i].conn = nil // so we don't close it in the defer
 		return conn, nil
 	}
-	merr := multierr.New(multierr.DeduplicateContextErrors(errs)...)
+	merr := multierr.New(errs...)
 
 	// If we get here, then we didn't get anywhere with our dial plan; fall back to just using DNS.
 	a.logf("controlhttp: failed dialing using DialPlan, falling back to DNS; errs=%s", merr.Error())

derp/derp_server.go

@@ -84,11 +84,19 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 const (
-	perClientSendQueueDepth = 32 // packets buffered for sending
-	writeTimeout            = 2 * time.Second
-	privilegedWriteTimeout  = 30 * time.Second // for clients with the mesh key
+	defaultPerClientSendQueueDepth = 32 // default packets buffered for sending
+	writeTimeout                   = 2 * time.Second
+	privilegedWriteTimeout         = 30 * time.Second // for clients with the mesh key
 )
 
+func getPerClientSendQueueDepth() int {
+	if v, ok := envknob.LookupInt("TS_DEBUG_DERP_PER_CLIENT_SEND_QUEUE_DEPTH"); ok {
+		return v
+	}
+
+	return defaultPerClientSendQueueDepth
+}
+
 // dupPolicy is a temporary (2021-08-30) mechanism to change the policy
 // of how duplicate connection for the same key are handled.
 type dupPolicy int8
@@ -190,6 +198,9 @@ type Server struct {
 	// maps from netip.AddrPort to a client's public key
 	keyOfAddr map[netip.AddrPort]key.NodePublic
 
+	// Sets the client send queue depth for the server.
+	perClientSendQueueDepth int
+
 	clock tstime.Clock
 }
 
@@ -377,6 +388,8 @@ func NewServer(privateKey key.NodePrivate, logf logger.Logf) *Server {
 
 	s.packetsDroppedTypeDisco = s.packetsDroppedType.Get("disco")
 	s.packetsDroppedTypeOther = s.packetsDroppedType.Get("other")
+
+	s.perClientSendQueueDepth = getPerClientSendQueueDepth()
 	return s
 }
 
@@ -849,8 +862,8 @@ func (s *Server) accept(ctx context.Context, nc Conn, brw *bufio.ReadWriter, rem
 		done:           ctx.Done(),
 		remoteIPPort:   remoteIPPort,
 		connectedAt:    s.clock.Now(),
-		sendQueue:      make(chan pkt, perClientSendQueueDepth),
-		discoSendQueue: make(chan pkt, perClientSendQueueDepth),
+		sendQueue:      make(chan pkt, s.perClientSendQueueDepth),
+		discoSendQueue: make(chan pkt, s.perClientSendQueueDepth),
 		sendPongCh:     make(chan [8]byte, 1),
 		peerGone:       make(chan peerGoneMsg),
 		canMesh:        s.isMeshPeer(clientInfo),

derp/derp_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package derp
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"cmp"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/asn1"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	qt "github.com/frankban/quicktest"
 	"go4.org/mem"
 	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
 	"tailscale.com/disco"
@@ -1598,3 +1600,29 @@ func TestServerRepliesToPing(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestGetPerClientSendQueueDepth(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+	envKey := "TS_DEBUG_DERP_PER_CLIENT_SEND_QUEUE_DEPTH"
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		envVal string
+		want   int
+	}{
+		// Empty case, envknob treats empty as missing also.
+		{
+			"", defaultPerClientSendQueueDepth,
+		},
+		{
+			"64", 64,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(cmp.Or(tc.envVal, "empty"), func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Setenv(envKey, tc.envVal)
+			val := getPerClientSendQueueDepth()
+			c.Assert(val, qt.Equals, tc.want)
+		})
+	}
+}

derp/derphttp/derphttp_client.go

@@ -757,6 +757,9 @@ func (c *Client) dialNode(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode) (net.Conn, e
 			}
 			dst := cmp.Or(dstPrimary, n.HostName)
 			port := "443"
+			if !c.useHTTPS() {
+				port = "3340"
+			}
 			if n.DERPPort != 0 {
 				port = fmt.Sprint(n.DERPPort)
 			}

docs/k8s/proxy.yaml

@@ -53,6 +53,4 @@ spec:
         fieldRef:
           fieldPath: metadata.uid
     securityContext:
-      capabilities:
-        add:
-        - NET_ADMIN
+      privileged: true

docs/k8s/sidecar.yaml

@@ -35,6 +35,4 @@ spec:
         fieldRef:
           fieldPath: metadata.uid
     securityContext:
-      capabilities:
-        add:
-        - NET_ADMIN
+      privileged: true

docs/k8s/subnet.yaml

@@ -37,6 +37,4 @@ spec:
         fieldRef:
           fieldPath: metadata.uid
     securityContext:
-      capabilities:
-        add:
-        - NET_ADMIN
+      privileged: true

go.mod

@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0
 	go4.org/mem v0.0.0-20220726221520-4f986261bf13
 	go4.org/netipx v0.0.0-20231129151722-fdeea329fbba
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240119083558-1b970713d09a
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.19.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.27.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.32.0
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.16.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.9.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.27.0
-	golang.org/x/term v0.22.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.27.0
 	golang.org/x/time v0.5.0
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.23.0
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp/typeparams v0.0.0-20240314144324-c7f7c6466f7f // indirect
 	golang.org/x/image v0.18.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 // indirect
 	gomodules.xyz/jsonpatch/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.8 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 // indirect
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ require (
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 	howett.net/plist v1.0.0 // indirect
-	k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver v0.30.3 // indirect
+	k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver v0.30.3
 	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20240228011516-70dd3763d340 // indirect
 	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20240711033017-18e509b52bc8

go.sum

@@ -1062,8 +1062,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RecgLatLF4+eUMCP1PoPZQb+cVrJcOPbHkTkbkB9sbw
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.3.0/go.mod h1:hebNnKkNXi2UzZN1eVRvBB7co0a+JxK6XbPiWVs/3J4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.3.1-0.20221117191849-2c476679df9a/go.mod h1:hebNnKkNXi2UzZN1eVRvBB7co0a+JxK6XbPiWVs/3J4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pYwdfH91IfpZVANVyUOhSIPZaFoJGxTFbZhFTx+dXZU=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0 h1:ypSNr+bnYL2YhwoMt2zPxHFmbAN1KZs/njMG3hxUp30=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.25.0/go.mod h1:T+wALwcMOSE0kXgUAnPAHqTLW+XHgcELELW8VaDgm/M=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0 h1:RwoQn3GkWiMkzlX562cLB7OxWvjH1L8xutO2WoJcRoY=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.30.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190306152737-a1d7652674e8/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190510132918-efd6b22b2522/go.mod h1:ZjyILWgesfNpC6sMxTJOJm9Kp84zZh5NQWvqDGG3Qr8=
@@ -1153,8 +1153,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.2.0/go.mod h1:KqCZLdyyvdV855qA2rE3GC2aiw5xGR5TEjj8smXukLY=
 golang.org/x/net v0.5.0/go.mod h1:DivGGAXEgPSlEBzxGzZI+ZLohi+xUj054jfeKui00ws=
 golang.org/x/net v0.6.0/go.mod h1:2Tu9+aMcznHK/AK1HMvgo6xiTLG5rD5rZLDS+rp2Bjs=
 golang.org/x/net v0.8.0/go.mod h1:QVkue5JL9kW//ek3r6jTKnTFis1tRmNAW2P1shuFdJc=
-golang.org/x/net v0.27.0 h1:5K3Njcw06/l2y9vpGCSdcxWOYHOUk3dVNGDXN+FvAys=
-golang.org/x/net v0.27.0/go.mod h1:dDi0PyhWNoiUOrAS8uXv/vnScO4wnHQO4mj9fn/RytE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.32.0 h1:ZqPmj8Kzc+Y6e0+skZsuACbx+wzMgo5MQsJh9Qd6aYI=
+golang.org/x/net v0.32.0/go.mod h1:CwU0IoeOlnQQWJ6ioyFrfRuomB8GKF6KbYXZVyeXNfs=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190604053449-0f29369cfe45/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@@ -1176,8 +1176,8 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20201207232520-09787c993a3a/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJ
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220722155255-886fb9371eb4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.9.0 h1:fEo0HyrW1GIgZdpbhCRO0PkJajUS5H9IFUztCgEo2jQ=
-golang.org/x/sync v0.9.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0 h1:3NQrjDixjgGwUOCaF8w2+VYHv0Ve/vGYSbdkTa98gmQ=
+golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0/go.mod h1:Czt+wKu1gCyEFDUtn0jG5QVvpJ6rzVqr5aXyt9drQfk=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180830151530-49385e6e1522/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180905080454-ebe1bf3edb33/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20181116152217-5ac8a444bdc5/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
@@ -1239,8 +1239,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.4.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.4.1-0.20230131160137-e7d7f63158de/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.27.0 h1:wBqf8DvsY9Y/2P8gAfPDEYNuS30J4lPHJxXSb/nJZ+s=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.27.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0 h1:Fksou7UEQUWlKvIdsqzJmUmCX3cZuD2+P3XyyzwMhlA=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/term v0.1.0/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
@@ -1248,8 +1248,8 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.2.0/go.mod h1:TVmDHMZPmdnySmBfhjOoOdhjzdE1h4u1VwSiw2l1Nuc=
 golang.org/x/term v0.4.0/go.mod h1:9P2UbLfCdcvo3p/nzKvsmas4TnlujnuoV9hGgYzW1lQ=
 golang.org/x/term v0.5.0/go.mod h1:jMB1sMXY+tzblOD4FWmEbocvup2/aLOaQEp7JmGp78k=
 golang.org/x/term v0.6.0/go.mod h1:m6U89DPEgQRMq3DNkDClhWw02AUbt2daBVO4cn4Hv9U=
-golang.org/x/term v0.22.0 h1:BbsgPEJULsl2fV/AT3v15Mjva5yXKQDyKf+TbDz7QJk=
-golang.org/x/term v0.22.0/go.mod h1:F3qCibpT5AMpCRfhfT53vVJwhLtIVHhB9XDjfFvnMI4=
+golang.org/x/term v0.27.0 h1:WP60Sv1nlK1T6SupCHbXzSaN0b9wUmsPoRS9b61A23Q=
+golang.org/x/term v0.27.0/go.mod h1:iMsnZpn0cago0GOrHO2+Y7u7JPn5AylBrcoWkElMTSM=
 golang.org/x/text v0.0.0-20170915032832-14c0d48ead0c/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.1-0.20180807135948-17ff2d5776d2/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@@ -1262,8 +1262,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.4.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.6.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.8.0/go.mod h1:e1OnstbJyHTd6l/uOt8jFFHp6TRDWZR/bV3emEE/zU8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 h1:a94ExnEXNtEwYLGJSIUxnWoxoRz/ZcCsV63ROupILh4=
-golang.org/x/text v0.16.0/go.mod h1:GhwF1Be+LQoKShO3cGOHzqOgRrGaYc9AvblQOmPVHnI=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 h1:zyQAAkrwaneQ066sspRyJaG9VNi/YJ1NfzcGB3hZ/qo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20181108054448-85acf8d2951c/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20191024005414-555d28b269f0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=

health/health.go

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ func (t *Tracker) SetMetricsRegistry(reg *usermetric.Registry) {
 	)
 
 	t.metricHealthMessage.Set(metricHealthMessageLabel{
-		Type: "warning",
+		Type: MetricLabelWarning,
 	}, expvar.Func(func() any {
 		if t.nil() {
 			return 0
@@ -1283,6 +1283,8 @@ func (t *Tracker) LastNoiseDialWasRecent() bool {
 	return dur < 2*time.Minute
 }
 
+const MetricLabelWarning = "warning"
+
 type metricHealthMessageLabel struct {
 	// TODO: break down by warnable.severity as well?
 	Type string

health/health_test.go

@@ -7,11 +7,14 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"slices"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
 	"tailscale.com/types/opt"
+	"tailscale.com/util/usermetric"
+	"tailscale.com/version"
 )
 
 func TestAppendWarnableDebugFlags(t *testing.T) {
@@ -273,7 +276,7 @@ func TestShowUpdateWarnable(t *testing.T) {
 		wantShow     bool
 	}{
 		{
-			desc:         "nil CientVersion",
+			desc:         "nil ClientVersion",
 			check:        true,
 			cv:           nil,
 			wantWarnable: nil,
@@ -348,3 +351,52 @@ func TestShowUpdateWarnable(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestHealthMetric(t *testing.T) {
+	unstableBuildWarning := 0
+	if version.IsUnstableBuild() {
+		unstableBuildWarning = 1
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		desc            string
+		check           bool
+		apply           opt.Bool
+		cv              *tailcfg.ClientVersion
+		wantMetricCount int
+	}{
+		// When running in dev, and not initialising the client, there will be two warnings
+		// by default:
+		// - is-using-unstable-version (except on the release branch)
+		// - wantrunning-false
+		{
+			desc:            "base-warnings",
+			check:           true,
+			cv:              nil,
+			wantMetricCount: unstableBuildWarning + 1,
+		},
+		// with: update-available
+		{
+			desc:            "update-warning",
+			check:           true,
+			cv:              &tailcfg.ClientVersion{RunningLatest: false, LatestVersion: "1.2.3"},
+			wantMetricCount: unstableBuildWarning + 2,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tr := &Tracker{
+				checkForUpdates: tt.check,
+				applyUpdates:    tt.apply,
+				latestVersion:   tt.cv,
+			}
+			tr.SetMetricsRegistry(&usermetric.Registry{})
+			if val := tr.metricHealthMessage.Get(metricHealthMessageLabel{Type: MetricLabelWarning}).String(); val != strconv.Itoa(tt.wantMetricCount) {
+				t.Fatalf("metric value: %q, want: %q", val, strconv.Itoa(tt.wantMetricCount))
+			}
+			for _, w := range tr.CurrentState().Warnings {
+				t.Logf("warning: %v", w)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

hostinfo/hostinfo_linux_test.go

@@ -35,8 +35,12 @@ remotes/origin/QTSFW_5.0.0`
 	}
 }
 
-func TestInContainer(t *testing.T) {
-	if got := inContainer(); !got.EqualBool(false) {
-		t.Errorf("inContainer = %v; want false due to absence of ts_package_container build tag", got)
+func TestPackageTypeNotContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	var got string
+	if packageType != nil {
+		got = packageType()
+	}
+	if got == "container" {
+		t.Fatal("packageType = container; should only happen if build tag ts_package_container is set")
 	}
 }

ipn/doc.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 
-//go:generate go run tailscale.com/cmd/viewer -type=Prefs,ServeConfig,TCPPortHandler,HTTPHandler,WebServerConfig
+//go:generate go run tailscale.com/cmd/viewer -type=Prefs,ServeConfig,ServiceConfig,TCPPortHandler,HTTPHandler,WebServerConfig
 
 // Package ipn implements the interactions between the Tailscale cloud
 // control plane and the local network stack.

ipn/ipn_clone.go

@@ -105,6 +105,16 @@ func (src *ServeConfig) Clone() *ServeConfig {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	if dst.Services != nil {
+		dst.Services = map[string]*ServiceConfig{}
+		for k, v := range src.Services {
+			if v == nil {
+				dst.Services[k] = nil
+			} else {
+				dst.Services[k] = v.Clone()
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	dst.AllowFunnel = maps.Clone(src.AllowFunnel)
 	if dst.Foreground != nil {
 		dst.Foreground = map[string]*ServeConfig{}
@@ -123,11 +133,50 @@ func (src *ServeConfig) Clone() *ServeConfig {
 var _ServeConfigCloneNeedsRegeneration = ServeConfig(struct {
 	TCP         map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler
 	Web         map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig
+	Services    map[string]*ServiceConfig
 	AllowFunnel map[HostPort]bool
 	Foreground  map[string]*ServeConfig
 	ETag        string
 }{})
 
+// Clone makes a deep copy of ServiceConfig.
+// The result aliases no memory with the original.
+func (src *ServiceConfig) Clone() *ServiceConfig {
+	if src == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	dst := new(ServiceConfig)
+	*dst = *src
+	if dst.TCP != nil {
+		dst.TCP = map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler{}
+		for k, v := range src.TCP {
+			if v == nil {
+				dst.TCP[k] = nil
+			} else {
+				dst.TCP[k] = ptr.To(*v)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if dst.Web != nil {
+		dst.Web = map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig{}
+		for k, v := range src.Web {
+			if v == nil {
+				dst.Web[k] = nil
+			} else {
+				dst.Web[k] = v.Clone()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return dst
+}
+
+// A compilation failure here means this code must be regenerated, with the command at the top of this file.
+var _ServiceConfigCloneNeedsRegeneration = ServiceConfig(struct {
+	TCP map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler
+	Web map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig
+	Tun bool
+}{})
+
 // Clone makes a deep copy of TCPPortHandler.
 // The result aliases no memory with the original.
 func (src *TCPPortHandler) Clone() *TCPPortHandler {

ipn/ipn_view.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"tailscale.com/types/views"
 )
 
-//go:generate go run tailscale.com/cmd/cloner  -clonefunc=false -type=Prefs,ServeConfig,TCPPortHandler,HTTPHandler,WebServerConfig
+//go:generate go run tailscale.com/cmd/cloner  -clonefunc=false -type=Prefs,ServeConfig,ServiceConfig,TCPPortHandler,HTTPHandler,WebServerConfig
 
 // View returns a readonly view of Prefs.
 func (p *Prefs) View() PrefsView {
@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@ func (v ServeConfigView) Web() views.MapFn[HostPort, *WebServerConfig, WebServer
 	})
 }
 
+func (v ServeConfigView) Services() views.MapFn[string, *ServiceConfig, ServiceConfigView] {
+	return views.MapFnOf(v.ж.Services, func(t *ServiceConfig) ServiceConfigView {
+		return t.View()
+	})
+}
+
 func (v ServeConfigView) AllowFunnel() views.Map[HostPort, bool] {
 	return views.MapOf(v.ж.AllowFunnel)
 }
@@ -210,11 +216,77 @@ func (v ServeConfigView) ETag() string { return v.ж.ETag }
 var _ServeConfigViewNeedsRegeneration = ServeConfig(struct {
 	TCP         map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler
 	Web         map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig
+	Services    map[string]*ServiceConfig
 	AllowFunnel map[HostPort]bool
 	Foreground  map[string]*ServeConfig
 	ETag        string
 }{})
 
+// View returns a readonly view of ServiceConfig.
+func (p *ServiceConfig) View() ServiceConfigView {
+	return ServiceConfigView{ж: p}
+}
+
+// ServiceConfigView provides a read-only view over ServiceConfig.
+//
+// Its methods should only be called if `Valid()` returns true.
+type ServiceConfigView struct {
+	// ж is the underlying mutable value, named with a hard-to-type
+	// character that looks pointy like a pointer.
+	// It is named distinctively to make you think of how dangerous it is to escape
+	// to callers. You must not let callers be able to mutate it.
+	ж *ServiceConfig
+}
+
+// Valid reports whether underlying value is non-nil.
+func (v ServiceConfigView) Valid() bool { return v.ж != nil }
+
+// AsStruct returns a clone of the underlying value which aliases no memory with
+// the original.
+func (v ServiceConfigView) AsStruct() *ServiceConfig {
+	if v.ж == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return v.ж.Clone()
+}
+
+func (v ServiceConfigView) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) { return json.Marshal(v.ж) }
+
+func (v *ServiceConfigView) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	if v.ж != nil {
+		return errors.New("already initialized")
+	}
+	if len(b) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var x ServiceConfig
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &x); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	v.ж = &x
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (v ServiceConfigView) TCP() views.MapFn[uint16, *TCPPortHandler, TCPPortHandlerView] {
+	return views.MapFnOf(v.ж.TCP, func(t *TCPPortHandler) TCPPortHandlerView {
+		return t.View()
+	})
+}
+
+func (v ServiceConfigView) Web() views.MapFn[HostPort, *WebServerConfig, WebServerConfigView] {
+	return views.MapFnOf(v.ж.Web, func(t *WebServerConfig) WebServerConfigView {
+		return t.View()
+	})
+}
+func (v ServiceConfigView) Tun() bool { return v.ж.Tun }
+
+// A compilation failure here means this code must be regenerated, with the command at the top of this file.
+var _ServiceConfigViewNeedsRegeneration = ServiceConfig(struct {
+	TCP map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler
+	Web map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig
+	Tun bool
+}{})
+
 // View returns a readonly view of TCPPortHandler.
 func (p *TCPPortHandler) View() TCPPortHandlerView {
 	return TCPPortHandlerView{ж: p}

ipn/ipnlocal/local.go

@@ -2920,6 +2920,12 @@ func (b *LocalBackend) DebugPickNewDERP() error {
 	return b.sys.MagicSock.Get().DebugPickNewDERP()
 }
 
+// DebugForcePreferDERP forwards to netcheck.DebugForcePreferDERP.
+// See its docs.
+func (b *LocalBackend) DebugForcePreferDERP(n int) {
+	b.sys.MagicSock.Get().DebugForcePreferDERP(n)
+}
+
 // send delivers n to the connected frontend and any API watchers from
 // LocalBackend.WatchNotifications (via the LocalAPI).
 //

ipn/localapi/localapi.go

@@ -563,6 +563,7 @@ func (h *Handler) serveLogTap(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) serveMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	metricDebugMetricsCalls.Add(1)
 	// Require write access out of paranoia that the metrics
 	// might contain something sensitive.
 	if !h.PermitWrite {
@@ -576,6 +577,7 @@ func (h *Handler) serveMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 // serveUserMetrics returns user-facing metrics in Prometheus text
 // exposition format.
 func (h *Handler) serveUserMetrics(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	metricUserMetricsCalls.Add(1)
 	h.b.UserMetricsRegistry().Handler(w, r)
 }
 
@@ -632,6 +634,13 @@ func (h *Handler) serveDebug(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		}
 	case "pick-new-derp":
 		err = h.b.DebugPickNewDERP()
+	case "force-prefer-derp":
+		var n int
+		err = json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&n)
+		if err != nil {
+			break
+		}
+		h.b.DebugForcePreferDERP(n)
 	case "":
 		err = fmt.Errorf("missing parameter 'action'")
 	default:
@@ -2972,7 +2981,9 @@ var (
 	metricInvalidRequests = clientmetric.NewCounter("localapi_invalid_requests")
 
 	// User-visible LocalAPI endpoints.
-	metricFilePutCalls = clientmetric.NewCounter("localapi_file_put")
+	metricFilePutCalls      = clientmetric.NewCounter("localapi_file_put")
+	metricDebugMetricsCalls = clientmetric.NewCounter("localapi_debugmetric_requests")
+	metricUserMetricsCalls  = clientmetric.NewCounter("localapi_usermetric_requests")
 )
 
 // serveSuggestExitNode serves a POST endpoint for returning a suggested exit node.

ipn/serve.go

@@ -24,6 +24,23 @@ func ServeConfigKey(profileID ProfileID) StateKey {
 	return StateKey("_serve/" + profileID)
 }
 
+// ServiceConfig contains the config information for a single service.
+// it contains a bool to indicate if the service is in Tun mode (L3 forwarding).
+// If the service is not in Tun mode, the service is configured by the L4 forwarding
+// (TCP ports) and/or the L7 forwarding (http handlers) information.
+type ServiceConfig struct {
+	// TCP are the list of TCP port numbers that tailscaled should handle for
+	// the Tailscale IP addresses. (not subnet routers, etc)
+	TCP map[uint16]*TCPPortHandler `json:",omitempty"`
+
+	// Web maps from "$SNI_NAME:$PORT" to a set of HTTP handlers
+	// keyed by mount point ("/", "/foo", etc)
+	Web map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig `json:",omitempty"`
+
+	// Tun determines if the service should be using L3 forwarding (Tun mode).
+	Tun bool `json:",omitempty"`
+}
+
 // ServeConfig is the JSON type stored in the StateStore for
 // StateKey "_serve/$PROFILE_ID" as returned by ServeConfigKey.
 type ServeConfig struct {
@@ -35,6 +52,10 @@ type ServeConfig struct {
 	// keyed by mount point ("/", "/foo", etc)
 	Web map[HostPort]*WebServerConfig `json:",omitempty"`
 
+	// Services maps from service name to a ServiceConfig. Which describes the
+	// L3, L4, and L7 forwarding information for the service.
+	Services map[string]*ServiceConfig `json:",omitempty"`
+
 	// AllowFunnel is the set of SNI:port values for which funnel
 	// traffic is allowed, from trusted ingress peers.
 	AllowFunnel map[HostPort]bool `json:",omitempty"`

k8s-operator/api.md

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ _Appears in:_
 | `image` _string_ | Container image name. By default images are pulled from<br />docker.io/tailscale/tailscale, but the official images are also<br />available at ghcr.io/tailscale/tailscale. Specifying image name here<br />will override any proxy image values specified via the Kubernetes<br />operator's Helm chart values or PROXY_IMAGE env var in the operator<br />Deployment.<br />https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#image |  |  |
 | `imagePullPolicy` _[PullPolicy](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.3/#pullpolicy-v1-core)_ | Image pull policy. One of Always, Never, IfNotPresent. Defaults to Always.<br />https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#image |  | Enum: [Always Never IfNotPresent] <br /> |
 | `resources` _[ResourceRequirements](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.3/#resourcerequirements-v1-core)_ | Container resource requirements.<br />By default Tailscale Kubernetes operator does not apply any resource<br />requirements. The amount of resources required wil depend on the<br />amount of resources the operator needs to parse, usage patterns and<br />cluster size.<br />https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#resources |  |  |
-| `securityContext` _[SecurityContext](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.3/#securitycontext-v1-core)_ | Container security context.<br />Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.<br />By default the operator:<br />- sets 'privileged: true' for the init container<br />- set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that<br />are created for Services or Connector.<br />https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context |  |  |
+| `securityContext` _[SecurityContext](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.3/#securitycontext-v1-core)_ | Container security context.<br />Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.<br />By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged<br />for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.<br />You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by<br />installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created<br />by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752<br />https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context |  |  |
 | `debug` _[Debug](#debug)_ | Configuration for enabling extra debug information in the container.<br />Not recommended for production use. |  |  |
 
 
@@ -326,7 +326,8 @@ _Appears in:_
 
 | Field | Description | Default | Validation |
 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
-| `enable` _boolean_ | Setting enable to true will make the proxy serve Tailscale metrics<br />at <pod-ip>:9002/metrics.<br />In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, this field also serves as the default value for<br />.spec.statefulSet.pod.tailscaleContainer.debug.enable. From 1.82.0, both<br />fields will independently default to false.<br />Defaults to false. |  |  |
+| `enable` _boolean_ | Setting enable to true will make the proxy serve Tailscale metrics<br />at <pod-ip>:9002/metrics.<br />A metrics Service named <proxy-statefulset>-metrics will also be created in the operator's namespace and will<br />serve the metrics at <service-ip>:9002/metrics.<br />In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, this field also serves as the default value for<br />.spec.statefulSet.pod.tailscaleContainer.debug.enable. From 1.82.0, both<br />fields will independently default to false.<br />Defaults to false. |  |  |
+| `serviceMonitor` _[ServiceMonitor](#servicemonitor)_ | Enable to create a Prometheus ServiceMonitor for scraping the proxy's Tailscale metrics.<br />The ServiceMonitor will select the metrics Service that gets created when metrics are enabled.<br />The ingested metrics for each Service monitor will have labels to identify the proxy:<br />ts_proxy_type: ingress_service\|ingress_resource\|connector\|proxygroup<br />ts_proxy_parent_name: name of the parent resource (i.e name of the Connector, Tailscale Ingress, Tailscale Service or ProxyGroup)<br />ts_proxy_parent_namespace: namespace of the parent resource (if the parent resource is not cluster scoped)<br />job: ts_<proxy type>_[<parent namespace>]_<parent_name> |  |  |
 
 
 #### Name
@@ -836,6 +837,22 @@ _Appears in:_
 | `name` _string_ | The name of a Kubernetes Secret in the operator's namespace that contains<br />credentials for writing to the configured bucket. Each key-value pair<br />from the secret's data will be mounted as an environment variable. It<br />should include keys for AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY if<br />using a static access key. |  |  |
 
 
+#### ServiceMonitor
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_Appears in:_
+- [Metrics](#metrics)
+
+| Field | Description | Default | Validation |
+| --- | --- | --- | --- |
+| `enable` _boolean_ | If Enable is set to true, a Prometheus ServiceMonitor will be created. Enable can only be set to true if metrics are enabled. |  |  |
+
+
 #### StatefulSet
 
 

k8s-operator/apis/v1alpha1/register.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 	"tailscale.com/k8s-operator/apis"
 
+	apiextensionsv1 "k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apis/apiextensions/v1"
 	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
 	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema"
@@ -39,12 +40,18 @@ func init() {
 	localSchemeBuilder.Register(addKnownTypes)
 
 	GlobalScheme = runtime.NewScheme()
+	// Add core types
 	if err := scheme.AddToScheme(GlobalScheme); err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to add k8s.io scheme: %s", err))
 	}
+	// Add tailscale.com types
 	if err := AddToScheme(GlobalScheme); err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to add tailscale.com scheme: %s", err))
 	}
+	// Add apiextensions types (CustomResourceDefinitions/CustomResourceDefinitionLists)
+	if err := apiextensionsv1.AddToScheme(GlobalScheme); err != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to add apiextensions.k8s.io scheme: %s", err))
+	}
 }
 
 // Adds the list of known types to api.Scheme.

k8s-operator/apis/v1alpha1/types_proxyclass.go

@@ -161,9 +161,12 @@ type Pod struct {
 	TopologySpreadConstraints []corev1.TopologySpreadConstraint `json:"topologySpreadConstraints,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// +kubebuilder:validation:XValidation:rule="!(has(self.serviceMonitor) && self.serviceMonitor.enable  && !self.enable)",message="ServiceMonitor can only be enabled if metrics are enabled"
 type Metrics struct {
 	// Setting enable to true will make the proxy serve Tailscale metrics
 	// at <pod-ip>:9002/metrics.
+	// A metrics Service named <proxy-statefulset>-metrics will also be created in the operator's namespace and will
+	// serve the metrics at <service-ip>:9002/metrics.
 	//
 	// In 1.78.x and 1.80.x, this field also serves as the default value for
 	// .spec.statefulSet.pod.tailscaleContainer.debug.enable. From 1.82.0, both
@@ -171,6 +174,20 @@ type Metrics struct {
 	//
 	// Defaults to false.
 	Enable bool `json:"enable"`
+	// Enable to create a Prometheus ServiceMonitor for scraping the proxy's Tailscale metrics.
+	// The ServiceMonitor will select the metrics Service that gets created when metrics are enabled.
+	// The ingested metrics for each Service monitor will have labels to identify the proxy:
+	// ts_proxy_type: ingress_service|ingress_resource|connector|proxygroup
+	// ts_proxy_parent_name: name of the parent resource (i.e name of the Connector, Tailscale Ingress, Tailscale Service or ProxyGroup)
+	// ts_proxy_parent_namespace: namespace of the parent resource (if the parent resource is not cluster scoped)
+	// job: ts_<proxy type>_[<parent namespace>]_<parent_name>
+	// +optional
+	ServiceMonitor *ServiceMonitor `json:"serviceMonitor"`
+}
+
+type ServiceMonitor struct {
+	// If Enable is set to true, a Prometheus ServiceMonitor will be created. Enable can only be set to true if metrics are enabled.
+	Enable bool `json:"enable"`
 }
 
 type Container struct {
@@ -206,11 +223,12 @@ type Container struct {
 	// +optional
 	Resources corev1.ResourceRequirements `json:"resources,omitempty"`
 	// Container security context.
-	// Security context specified here will override the security context by the operator.
-	// By default the operator:
-	// - sets 'privileged: true' for the init container
-	// - set NET_ADMIN capability for tailscale container for proxies that
-	// are created for Services or Connector.
+	// Security context specified here will override the security context set by the operator.
+	// By default the operator sets the Tailscale container and the Tailscale init container to privileged
+	// for proxies created for Tailscale ingress and egress Service, Connector and ProxyGroup.
+	// You can reduce the permissions of the Tailscale container to cap NET_ADMIN by
+	// installing device plugin in your cluster and configuring the proxies tun device to be created
+	// by the device plugin, see  https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/10814#issuecomment-2479977752
 	// https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/workload-resources/pod-v1/#security-context
 	// +optional
 	SecurityContext *corev1.SecurityContext `json:"securityContext,omitempty"`

k8s-operator/apis/v1alpha1/zz_generated.deepcopy.go

@@ -319,6 +319,11 @@ func (in *Env) DeepCopy() *Env {
 // DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
 func (in *Metrics) DeepCopyInto(out *Metrics) {
 	*out = *in
+	if in.ServiceMonitor != nil {
+		in, out := &in.ServiceMonitor, &out.ServiceMonitor
+		*out = new(ServiceMonitor)
+		**out = **in
+	}
 }
 
 // DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new Metrics.
@@ -526,7 +531,7 @@ func (in *ProxyClassSpec) DeepCopyInto(out *ProxyClassSpec) {
 	if in.Metrics != nil {
 		in, out := &in.Metrics, &out.Metrics
 		*out = new(Metrics)
-		**out = **in
+		(*in).DeepCopyInto(*out)
 	}
 	if in.TailscaleConfig != nil {
 		in, out := &in.TailscaleConfig, &out.TailscaleConfig
@@ -991,6 +996,21 @@ func (in *S3Secret) DeepCopy() *S3Secret {
 	return out
 }
 
+// DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
+func (in *ServiceMonitor) DeepCopyInto(out *ServiceMonitor) {
+	*out = *in
+}
+
+// DeepCopy is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, creating a new ServiceMonitor.
+func (in *ServiceMonitor) DeepCopy() *ServiceMonitor {
+	if in == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := new(ServiceMonitor)
+	in.DeepCopyInto(out)
+	return out
+}
+
 // DeepCopyInto is an autogenerated deepcopy function, copying the receiver, writing into out. in must be non-nil.
 func (in *StatefulSet) DeepCopyInto(out *StatefulSet) {
 	*out = *in

k8s-operator/conditions.go

@@ -167,3 +167,14 @@ func DNSCfgIsReady(cfg *tsapi.DNSConfig) bool {
 	cond := cfg.Status.Conditions[idx]
 	return cond.Status == metav1.ConditionTrue && cond.ObservedGeneration == cfg.Generation
 }
+
+func SvcIsReady(svc *corev1.Service) bool {
+	idx := xslices.IndexFunc(svc.Status.Conditions, func(cond metav1.Condition) bool {
+		return cond.Type == string(tsapi.ProxyReady)
+	})
+	if idx == -1 {
+		return false
+	}
+	cond := svc.Status.Conditions[idx]
+	return cond.Status == metav1.ConditionTrue
+}

kube/kubetypes/types.go

@@ -27,4 +27,19 @@ const (
 	MetricEgressServiceCount             = "k8s_egress_service_resources"
 	MetricProxyGroupEgressCount          = "k8s_proxygroup_egress_resources"
 	MetricProxyGroupIngressCount         = "k8s_proxygroup_ingress_resources"
+
+	// Keys that containerboot writes to state file that can be used to determine its state.
+	// fields set in Tailscale state Secret. These are mostly used by the Tailscale Kubernetes operator to determine
+	// the state of this tailscale device.
+	KeyDeviceID   string = "device_id"   // node stable ID of the device
+	KeyDeviceFQDN string = "device_fqdn" // device's tailnet hostname
+	KeyDeviceIPs  string = "device_ips"  // device's tailnet IPs
+	KeyPodUID     string = "pod_uid"     // Pod UID
+	// KeyCapVer contains Tailscale capability version of this proxy instance.
+	KeyCapVer string = "tailscale_capver"
+	// KeyHTTPSEndpoint is a name of a field that can be set to the value of any HTTPS endpoint currently exposed by
+	// this device to the tailnet. This is used by the Kubernetes operator Ingress proxy to communicate to the operator
+	// that cluster workloads behind the Ingress can now be accessed via the given DNS name over HTTPS.
+	KeyHTTPSEndpoint string = "https_endpoint"
+	ValueNoHTTPS     string = "no-https"
 )

logpolicy/logpolicy.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ package logpolicy
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"cmp"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -449,25 +450,63 @@ func tryFixLogStateLocation(dir, cmdname string, logf logger.Logf) {
 	}
 }
 
-// New returns a new log policy (a logger and its instance ID) for a given
-// collection name.
-//
-// The netMon parameter is optional. It should be specified in environments where
-// Tailscaled is manipulating the routing table.
-//
-// The logf parameter is optional; if non-nil, information logs (e.g. when
-// migrating state) are sent to that logger, and global changes to the log
-// package are avoided. If nil, logs will be printed using log.Printf.
+// Deprecated: Use [Options.New] instead.
 func New(collection string, netMon *netmon.Monitor, health *health.Tracker, logf logger.Logf) *Policy {
-	return NewWithConfigPath(collection, "", "", netMon, health, logf)
+	return Options{
+		Collection: collection,
+		NetMon:     netMon,
+		Health:     health,
+		Logf:       logf,
+	}.New()
 }
 
-// NewWithConfigPath is identical to New, but uses the specified directory and
-// command name. If either is empty, it derives them automatically.
-//
-// The netMon parameter is optional. It should be specified in environments where
-// Tailscaled is manipulating the routing table.
+// Deprecated: Use [Options.New] instead.
 func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor, health *health.Tracker, logf logger.Logf) *Policy {
+	return Options{
+		Collection: collection,
+		Dir:        dir,
+		CmdName:    cmdName,
+		NetMon:     netMon,
+		Health:     health,
+		Logf:       logf,
+	}.New()
+}
+
+// Options is used to construct a [Policy].
+type Options struct {
+	// Collection is a required collection to upload logs under.
+	// Collection is a namespace for the type logs.
+	// For example, logs for a node use "tailnode.log.tailscale.io".
+	Collection string
+
+	// Dir is an optional directory to store the log configuration.
+	// If empty, [LogsDir] is used.
+	Dir string
+
+	// CmdName is an optional name of the current binary.
+	// If empty, [version.CmdName] is used.
+	CmdName string
+
+	// NetMon is an optional parameter for monitoring.
+	// If non-nil, it's used to do faster interface lookups.
+	NetMon *netmon.Monitor
+
+	// Health is an optional parameter for health status.
+	// If non-nil, it's used to construct the default HTTP client.
+	Health *health.Tracker
+
+	// Logf is an optional logger to use.
+	// If nil, [log.Printf] will be used instead.
+	Logf logger.Logf
+
+	// HTTPC is an optional client to use upload logs.
+	// If nil, [TransportOptions.New] is used to construct a new client
+	// with that particular transport sending logs to the default logs server.
+	HTTPC *http.Client
+}
+
+// New returns a new log policy (a logger and its instance ID).
+func (opts Options) New() *Policy {
 	if hostinfo.IsNATLabGuestVM() {
 		// In NATLab Gokrazy instances, tailscaled comes up concurently with
 		// DHCP and the doesn't have DNS for a while. Wait for DHCP first.
@@ -495,23 +534,23 @@ func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 		earlyErrBuf.WriteByte('\n')
 	}
 
-	if dir == "" {
-		dir = LogsDir(earlyLogf)
+	if opts.Dir == "" {
+		opts.Dir = LogsDir(earlyLogf)
 	}
-	if cmdName == "" {
-		cmdName = version.CmdName()
+	if opts.CmdName == "" {
+		opts.CmdName = version.CmdName()
 	}
 
-	useStdLogger := logf == nil
+	useStdLogger := opts.Logf == nil
 	if useStdLogger {
-		logf = log.Printf
+		opts.Logf = log.Printf
 	}
-	tryFixLogStateLocation(dir, cmdName, logf)
+	tryFixLogStateLocation(opts.Dir, opts.CmdName, opts.Logf)
 
-	cfgPath := filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.log.conf", cmdName))
+	cfgPath := filepath.Join(opts.Dir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.log.conf", opts.CmdName))
 
 	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		switch cmdName {
+		switch opts.CmdName {
 		case "tailscaled":
 			// Tailscale 1.14 and before stored state under %LocalAppData%
 			// (usually "C:\WINDOWS\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local"
@@ -542,7 +581,7 @@ func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 			cfgPath = paths.TryConfigFileMigration(earlyLogf, oldPath, cfgPath)
 		case "tailscale-ipn":
 			for _, oldBase := range []string{"wg64.log.conf", "wg32.log.conf"} {
-				oldConf := filepath.Join(dir, oldBase)
+				oldConf := filepath.Join(opts.Dir, oldBase)
 				if fi, err := os.Stat(oldConf); err == nil && fi.Mode().IsRegular() {
 					cfgPath = paths.TryConfigFileMigration(earlyLogf, oldConf, cfgPath)
 					break
@@ -555,9 +594,9 @@ func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 	if err != nil {
 		earlyLogf("logpolicy.ConfigFromFile %v: %v", cfgPath, err)
 	}
-	if err := newc.Validate(collection); err != nil {
+	if err := newc.Validate(opts.Collection); err != nil {
 		earlyLogf("logpolicy.Config.Validate for %v: %v", cfgPath, err)
-		newc = NewConfig(collection)
+		newc = NewConfig(opts.Collection)
 		if err := newc.Save(cfgPath); err != nil {
 			earlyLogf("logpolicy.Config.Save for %v: %v", cfgPath, err)
 		}
@@ -568,31 +607,39 @@ func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 		PrivateID:    newc.PrivateID,
 		Stderr:       logWriter{console},
 		CompressLogs: true,
-		HTTPC:        &http.Client{Transport: NewLogtailTransport(logtail.DefaultHost, netMon, health, logf)},
 	}
-	if collection == logtail.CollectionNode {
+	if opts.Collection == logtail.CollectionNode {
 		conf.MetricsDelta = clientmetric.EncodeLogTailMetricsDelta
 		conf.IncludeProcID = true
 		conf.IncludeProcSequence = true
 	}
 
 	if envknob.NoLogsNoSupport() || testenv.InTest() {
-		logf("You have disabled logging. Tailscale will not be able to provide support.")
+		opts.Logf("You have disabled logging. Tailscale will not be able to provide support.")
 		conf.HTTPC = &http.Client{Transport: noopPretendSuccessTransport{}}
 	} else {
 		// Only attach an on-disk filch buffer if we are going to be sending logs.
 		// No reason to persist them locally just to drop them later.
-		attachFilchBuffer(&conf, dir, cmdName, logf)
+		attachFilchBuffer(&conf, opts.Dir, opts.CmdName, opts.Logf)
+		conf.HTTPC = opts.HTTPC
 
-		if val := getLogTarget(); val != "" {
-			logf("You have enabled a non-default log target. Doing without being told to by Tailscale staff or your network administrator will make getting support difficult.")
-			conf.BaseURL = val
-			u, _ := url.Parse(val)
-			conf.HTTPC = &http.Client{Transport: NewLogtailTransport(u.Host, netMon, health, logf)}
+		if conf.HTTPC == nil {
+			logHost := logtail.DefaultHost
+			if val := getLogTarget(); val != "" {
+				opts.Logf("You have enabled a non-default log target. Doing without being told to by Tailscale staff or your network administrator will make getting support difficult.")
+				conf.BaseURL = val
+				u, _ := url.Parse(val)
+				logHost = u.Host
+			}
+			conf.HTTPC = &http.Client{Transport: TransportOptions{
+				Host:   logHost,
+				NetMon: opts.NetMon,
+				Health: opts.Health,
+				Logf:   opts.Logf,
+			}.New()}
 		}
-
 	}
-	lw := logtail.NewLogger(conf, logf)
+	lw := logtail.NewLogger(conf, opts.Logf)
 
 	var logOutput io.Writer = lw
 
@@ -610,19 +657,19 @@ func NewWithConfigPath(collection, dir, cmdName string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 		log.SetOutput(logOutput)
 	}
 
-	logf("Program starting: v%v, Go %v: %#v",
+	opts.Logf("Program starting: v%v, Go %v: %#v",
 		version.Long(),
 		goVersion(),
 		os.Args)
-	logf("LogID: %v", newc.PublicID)
+	opts.Logf("LogID: %v", newc.PublicID)
 	if earlyErrBuf.Len() != 0 {
-		logf("%s", earlyErrBuf.Bytes())
+		opts.Logf("%s", earlyErrBuf.Bytes())
 	}
 
 	return &Policy{
 		Logtail:  lw,
 		PublicID: newc.PublicID,
-		Logf:     logf,
+		Logf:     opts.Logf,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -763,23 +810,48 @@ func dialContext(ctx context.Context, netw, addr string, netMon *netmon.Monitor,
 	return c, err
 }
 
-// NewLogtailTransport returns an HTTP Transport particularly suited to uploading
-// logs to the given host name. See DialContext for details on how it works.
-//
-// The netMon parameter is optional. It should be specified in environments where
-// Tailscaled is manipulating the routing table.
-//
-// The logf parameter is optional; if non-nil, logs are printed using the
-// provided function; if nil, log.Printf will be used instead.
+// Deprecated: Use [TransportOptions.New] instead.
 func NewLogtailTransport(host string, netMon *netmon.Monitor, health *health.Tracker, logf logger.Logf) http.RoundTripper {
+	return TransportOptions{Host: host, NetMon: netMon, Health: health, Logf: logf}.New()
+}
+
+// TransportOptions is used to construct an [http.RoundTripper].
+type TransportOptions struct {
+	// Host is the optional hostname of the logs server.
+	// If empty, then [logtail.DefaultHost] is used.
+	Host string
+
+	// NetMon is an optional parameter for monitoring.
+	// If non-nil, it's used to do faster interface lookups.
+	NetMon *netmon.Monitor
+
+	// Health is an optional parameter for health status.
+	// If non-nil, it's used to construct the default HTTP client.
+	Health *health.Tracker
+
+	// Logf is an optional logger to use.
+	// If nil, [log.Printf] will be used instead.
+	Logf logger.Logf
+
+	// TLSClientConfig is an optional TLS configuration to use.
+	// If non-nil, the configuration will be cloned.
+	TLSClientConfig *tls.Config
+}
+
+// New returns an HTTP Transport particularly suited to uploading logs
+// to the given host name. See [DialContext] for details on how it works.
+func (opts TransportOptions) New() http.RoundTripper {
 	if testenv.InTest() {
 		return noopPretendSuccessTransport{}
 	}
-	if netMon == nil {
-		netMon = netmon.NewStatic()
+	if opts.NetMon == nil {
+		opts.NetMon = netmon.NewStatic()
 	}
 	// Start with a copy of http.DefaultTransport and tweak it a bit.
 	tr := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
+	if opts.TLSClientConfig != nil {
+		tr.TLSClientConfig = opts.TLSClientConfig.Clone()
+	}
 
 	tr.Proxy = tshttpproxy.ProxyFromEnvironment
 	tshttpproxy.SetTransportGetProxyConnectHeader(tr)
@@ -790,10 +862,10 @@ func NewLogtailTransport(host string, netMon *netmon.Monitor, health *health.Tra
 	tr.DisableCompression = true
 
 	// Log whenever we dial:
-	if logf == nil {
-		logf = log.Printf
+	if opts.Logf == nil {
+		opts.Logf = log.Printf
 	}
-	tr.DialContext = MakeDialFunc(netMon, logf)
+	tr.DialContext = MakeDialFunc(opts.NetMon, opts.Logf)
 
 	// We're uploading logs ideally infrequently, with specific timing that will
 	// change over time. Try to keep the connection open, to avoid repeatedly
@@ -815,7 +887,8 @@ func NewLogtailTransport(host string, netMon *netmon.Monitor, health *health.Tra
 		tr.TLSNextProto = map[string]func(authority string, c *tls.Conn) http.RoundTripper{}
 	}
 
-	tr.TLSClientConfig = tlsdial.Config(host, health, tr.TLSClientConfig)
+	host := cmp.Or(opts.Host, logtail.DefaultHost)
+	tr.TLSClientConfig = tlsdial.Config(host, opts.Health, tr.TLSClientConfig)
 	// Force TLS 1.3 since we know log.tailscale.io supports it.
 	tr.TLSClientConfig.MinVersion = tls.VersionTLS13
 

logtail/logtail.go

@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ type Logger struct {
 	procSequence uint64
 	flushTimer   tstime.TimerController // used when flushDelay is >0
 	writeBuf     [bufferSize]byte       // owned by Write for reuse
+	bytesBuf     bytes.Buffer           // owned by appendTextOrJSONLocked for reuse
 	jsonDec      jsontext.Decoder       // owned by appendTextOrJSONLocked for reuse
 
 	shutdownStartMu sync.Mutex    // guards the closing of shutdownStart
@@ -725,9 +726,16 @@ func (l *Logger) appendTextOrJSONLocked(dst, src []byte, level int) []byte {
 	// whether it contains the reserved "logtail" name at the top-level.
 	var logtailKeyOffset, logtailValOffset, logtailValLength int
 	validJSON := func() bool {
-		// TODO(dsnet): Avoid allocation of bytes.Buffer struct.
+		// The jsontext.NewDecoder API operates on an io.Reader, for which
+		// bytes.Buffer provides a means to convert a []byte into an io.Reader.
+		// However, bytes.NewBuffer normally allocates unless
+		// we immediately shallow copy it into a pre-allocated Buffer struct.
+		// See https://go.dev/issue/67004.
+		l.bytesBuf = *bytes.NewBuffer(src)
+		defer func() { l.bytesBuf = bytes.Buffer{} }() // avoid pinning src
+
 		dec := &l.jsonDec
-		dec.Reset(bytes.NewBuffer(src))
+		dec.Reset(&l.bytesBuf)
 		if tok, err := dec.ReadToken(); tok.Kind() != '{' || err != nil {
 			return false
 		}

net/netcheck/netcheck.go

@@ -236,6 +236,10 @@ type Client struct {
 	// If false, the default net.Resolver will be used, with no caching.
 	UseDNSCache bool
 
+	// if non-zero, force this DERP region to be preferred in all reports where
+	// the DERP is found to be reachable.
+	ForcePreferredDERP int
+
 	// For tests
 	testEnoughRegions      int
 	testCaptivePortalDelay time.Duration
@@ -780,6 +784,12 @@ func (o *GetReportOpts) getLastDERPActivity(region int) time.Time {
 	return o.GetLastDERPActivity(region)
 }
 
+func (c *Client) SetForcePreferredDERP(region int) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	c.ForcePreferredDERP = region
+}
+
 // GetReport gets a report. The 'opts' argument is optional and can be nil.
 // Callers are discouraged from passing a ctx with an arbitrary deadline as this
 // may cause GetReport to return prematurely before all reporting methods have
@@ -1221,17 +1231,19 @@ func (c *Client) measureICMPLatency(ctx context.Context, reg *tailcfg.DERPRegion
 	// Try pinging the first node in the region
 	node := reg.Nodes[0]
 
-	// Get the IPAddr by asking for the UDP address that we would use for
-	// STUN and then using that IP.
-	//
-	// TODO(andrew-d): this is a bit ugly
-	nodeAddr := c.nodeAddr(ctx, node, probeIPv4)
-	if !nodeAddr.IsValid() {
+	if node.STUNPort < 0 {
+		// If STUN is disabled on a node, interpret that as meaning don't measure latency.
+		return 0, false, nil
+	}
+	const unusedPort = 0
+	stunAddrPort, ok := c.nodeAddrPort(ctx, node, unusedPort, probeIPv4)
+	if !ok {
 		return 0, false, fmt.Errorf("no address for node %v (v4-for-icmp)", node.Name)
 	}
+	ip := stunAddrPort.Addr()
 	addr := &net.IPAddr{
-		IP:   net.IP(nodeAddr.Addr().AsSlice()),
-		Zone: nodeAddr.Addr().Zone(),
+		IP:   net.IP(ip.AsSlice()),
+		Zone: ip.Zone(),
 	}
 
 	// Use the unique node.Name field as the packet data to reduce the
@@ -1275,6 +1287,9 @@ func (c *Client) logConciseReport(r *Report, dm *tailcfg.DERPMap) {
 		if r.CaptivePortal != "" {
 			fmt.Fprintf(w, " captiveportal=%v", r.CaptivePortal)
 		}
+		if c.ForcePreferredDERP != 0 {
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, " force=%v", c.ForcePreferredDERP)
+		}
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, " derp=%v", r.PreferredDERP)
 		if r.PreferredDERP != 0 {
 			fmt.Fprintf(w, " derpdist=")
@@ -1433,6 +1448,21 @@ func (c *Client) addReportHistoryAndSetPreferredDERP(rs *reportState, r *Report,
 		// which undoes any region change we made above.
 		r.PreferredDERP = prevDERP
 	}
+	if c.ForcePreferredDERP != 0 {
+		// If the forced DERP region probed successfully, or has recent traffic,
+		// use it.
+		_, haveLatencySample := r.RegionLatency[c.ForcePreferredDERP]
+		var recentActivity bool
+		if lastHeard := rs.opts.getLastDERPActivity(c.ForcePreferredDERP); !lastHeard.IsZero() {
+			now := c.timeNow()
+			recentActivity = lastHeard.After(rs.start)
+			recentActivity = recentActivity || lastHeard.After(now.Add(-PreferredDERPFrameTime))
+		}
+
+		if haveLatencySample || recentActivity {
+			r.PreferredDERP = c.ForcePreferredDERP
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func updateLatency(m map[int]time.Duration, regionID int, d time.Duration) {
@@ -1478,8 +1508,8 @@ func (rs *reportState) runProbe(ctx context.Context, dm *tailcfg.DERPMap, probe
 		return
 	}
 
-	addr := c.nodeAddr(ctx, node, probe.proto)
-	if !addr.IsValid() {
+	addr, ok := c.nodeAddrPort(ctx, node, node.STUNPort, probe.proto)
+	if !ok {
 		c.logf("netcheck.runProbe: named node %q has no %v address", probe.node, probe.proto)
 		return
 	}
@@ -1528,12 +1558,20 @@ func (rs *reportState) runProbe(ctx context.Context, dm *tailcfg.DERPMap, probe
 	c.vlogf("sent to %v", addr)
 }
 
-// proto is 4 or 6
-// If it returns nil, the node is skipped.
-func (c *Client) nodeAddr(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, proto probeProto) (ap netip.AddrPort) {
-	port := cmp.Or(n.STUNPort, 3478)
+// nodeAddrPort returns the IP:port to send a STUN queries to for a given node.
+//
+// The provided port should be n.STUNPort, which may be negative to disable STUN.
+// If STUN is disabled for this node, it returns ok=false.
+// The port parameter is separate for the ICMP caller to provide a fake value.
+//
+// proto is [probeIPv4] or [probeIPv6].
+func (c *Client) nodeAddrPort(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, port int, proto probeProto) (_ netip.AddrPort, ok bool) {
+	var zero netip.AddrPort
 	if port < 0 || port > 1<<16-1 {
-		return
+		return zero, false
+	}
+	if port == 0 {
+		port = 3478
 	}
 	if n.STUNTestIP != "" {
 		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(n.STUNTestIP)
@@ -1546,7 +1584,7 @@ func (c *Client) nodeAddr(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, proto probeP
 		if proto == probeIPv6 && ip.Is4() {
 			return
 		}
-		return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port))
+		return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port)), true
 	}
 
 	switch proto {
@@ -1554,20 +1592,20 @@ func (c *Client) nodeAddr(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, proto probeP
 		if n.IPv4 != "" {
 			ip, _ := netip.ParseAddr(n.IPv4)
 			if !ip.Is4() {
-				return
+				return zero, false
 			}
-			return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port))
+			return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port)), true
 		}
 	case probeIPv6:
 		if n.IPv6 != "" {
 			ip, _ := netip.ParseAddr(n.IPv6)
 			if !ip.Is6() {
-				return
+				return zero, false
 			}
-			return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port))
+			return netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, uint16(port)), true
 		}
 	default:
-		return
+		return zero, false
 	}
 
 	// The default lookup function if we don't set UseDNSCache is to use net.DefaultResolver.
@@ -1609,13 +1647,13 @@ func (c *Client) nodeAddr(ctx context.Context, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, proto probeP
 	addrs, err := lookupIPAddr(ctx, n.HostName)
 	for _, a := range addrs {
 		if (a.Is4() && probeIsV4) || (a.Is6() && !probeIsV4) {
-			return netip.AddrPortFrom(a, uint16(port))
+			return netip.AddrPortFrom(a, uint16(port)), true
 		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		c.logf("netcheck: DNS lookup error for %q (node %q region %v): %v", n.HostName, n.Name, n.RegionID, err)
 	}
-	return
+	return zero, false
 }
 
 func regionHasDERPNode(r *tailcfg.DERPRegion) bool {

net/netcheck/netcheck_test.go

@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ func TestAddReportHistoryAndSetPreferredDERP(t *testing.T) {
 		steps       []step
 		homeParams  *tailcfg.DERPHomeParams
 		opts        *GetReportOpts
+		forcedDERP  int // if non-zero, force this DERP to be the preferred one
 		wantDERP    int // want PreferredDERP on final step
 		wantPrevLen int // wanted len(c.prev)
 	}{
@@ -366,12 +367,65 @@ func TestAddReportHistoryAndSetPreferredDERP(t *testing.T) {
 			wantPrevLen: 2,
 			wantDERP:    1, // diff is 11ms, but d2 is greater than 2/3s of d1
 		},
+		{
+			name: "forced_two",
+			steps: []step{
+				{time.Second, report("d1", 2, "d2", 3)},
+				{2 * time.Second, report("d1", 4, "d2", 3)},
+			},
+			forcedDERP:  2,
+			wantPrevLen: 2,
+			wantDERP:    2,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "forced_two_unavailable",
+			steps: []step{
+				{time.Second, report("d1", 2, "d2", 1)},
+				{2 * time.Second, report("d1", 4)},
+			},
+			forcedDERP:  2,
+			wantPrevLen: 2,
+			wantDERP:    1,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "forced_two_no_probe_recent_activity",
+			steps: []step{
+				{time.Second, report("d1", 2)},
+				{2 * time.Second, report("d1", 4)},
+			},
+			opts: &GetReportOpts{
+				GetLastDERPActivity: mkLDAFunc(map[int]time.Time{
+					1: startTime,
+					2: startTime.Add(time.Second),
+				}),
+			},
+			forcedDERP:  2,
+			wantPrevLen: 2,
+			wantDERP:    2,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "forced_two_no_probe_no_recent_activity",
+			steps: []step{
+				{time.Second, report("d1", 2)},
+				{PreferredDERPFrameTime + time.Second, report("d1", 4)},
+			},
+			opts: &GetReportOpts{
+				GetLastDERPActivity: mkLDAFunc(map[int]time.Time{
+					1: startTime,
+					2: startTime,
+				}),
+			},
+			forcedDERP:  2,
+			wantPrevLen: 2,
+			wantDERP:    1,
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fakeTime := startTime
 			c := &Client{
-				TimeNow: func() time.Time { return fakeTime },
+				TimeNow:            func() time.Time { return fakeTime },
+				ForcePreferredDERP: tt.forcedDERP,
 			}
 			dm := &tailcfg.DERPMap{HomeParams: tt.homeParams}
 			rs := &reportState{
@@ -887,8 +941,8 @@ func TestNodeAddrResolve(t *testing.T) {
 			c.UseDNSCache = tt
 
 			t.Run("IPv4", func(t *testing.T) {
-				ap := c.nodeAddr(ctx, dn, probeIPv4)
-				if !ap.IsValid() {
+				ap, ok := c.nodeAddrPort(ctx, dn, dn.STUNPort, probeIPv4)
+				if !ok {
 					t.Fatal("expected valid AddrPort")
 				}
 				if !ap.Addr().Is4() {
@@ -902,8 +956,8 @@ func TestNodeAddrResolve(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Skipf("IPv6 may not work on this machine")
 				}
 
-				ap := c.nodeAddr(ctx, dn, probeIPv6)
-				if !ap.IsValid() {
+				ap, ok := c.nodeAddrPort(ctx, dn, dn.STUNPort, probeIPv6)
+				if !ok {
 					t.Fatal("expected valid AddrPort")
 				}
 				if !ap.Addr().Is6() {
@@ -912,8 +966,8 @@ func TestNodeAddrResolve(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Logf("got IPv6 addr: %v", ap)
 			})
 			t.Run("IPv6 Failure", func(t *testing.T) {
-				ap := c.nodeAddr(ctx, dnV4Only, probeIPv6)
-				if ap.IsValid() {
+				ap, ok := c.nodeAddrPort(ctx, dnV4Only, dn.STUNPort, probeIPv6)
+				if ok {
 					t.Fatalf("expected no addr but got: %v", ap)
 				}
 				t.Logf("correctly got invalid addr")

net/tstun/wrap.go

@@ -876,9 +876,10 @@ func (t *Wrapper) filterPacketOutboundToWireGuard(p *packet.Parsed, pc *peerConf
 
 	if filt.RunOut(p, t.filterFlags) != filter.Accept {
 		metricPacketOutDropFilter.Add(1)
-		t.metrics.outboundDroppedPacketsTotal.Add(usermetric.DropLabels{
-			Reason: usermetric.ReasonACL,
-		}, 1)
+		// TODO(#14280): increment a t.metrics.outboundDroppedPacketsTotal here
+		// once we figure out & document what labels to use for multicast,
+		// link-local-unicast, IP fragments, etc. But they're not
+		// usermetric.ReasonACL.
 		return filter.Drop, gro
 	}
 

net/tstun/wrap_test.go

@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ func TestFilter(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assertMetricPackets(t, "inACL", 3, metricInboundDroppedPacketsACL)
 	assertMetricPackets(t, "inError", 0, metricInboundDroppedPacketsErr)
-	assertMetricPackets(t, "outACL", 1, metricOutboundDroppedPacketsACL)
+	assertMetricPackets(t, "outACL", 0, metricOutboundDroppedPacketsACL)
 }
 
 func assertMetricPackets(t *testing.T, metricName string, want, got int64) {

prober/derp.go

@@ -597,18 +597,22 @@ func newConn(ctx context.Context, dm *tailcfg.DERPMap, n *tailcfg.DERPNode, isPr
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	cs, ok := dc.TLSConnectionState()
-	if !ok {
-		dc.Close()
-		return nil, errors.New("no TLS state")
-	}
-	if len(cs.PeerCertificates) == 0 {
-		dc.Close()
-		return nil, errors.New("no peer certificates")
-	}
-	if cs.ServerName != n.HostName {
-		dc.Close()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("TLS server name %q != derp hostname %q", cs.ServerName, n.HostName)
+
+	// Only verify TLS state if this is a prober.
+	if isProber {
+		cs, ok := dc.TLSConnectionState()
+		if !ok {
+			dc.Close()
+			return nil, errors.New("no TLS state")
+		}
+		if len(cs.PeerCertificates) == 0 {
+			dc.Close()
+			return nil, errors.New("no peer certificates")
+		}
+		if cs.ServerName != n.HostName {
+			dc.Close()
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("TLS server name %q != derp hostname %q", cs.ServerName, n.HostName)
+		}
 	}
 
 	errc := make(chan error, 1)

ssh/tailssh/tailssh.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
-	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -45,7 +44,6 @@ import (
 	"tailscale.com/util/clientmetric"
 	"tailscale.com/util/httpm"
 	"tailscale.com/util/mak"
-	"tailscale.com/util/slicesx"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -80,16 +78,14 @@ type server struct {
 	logf           logger.Logf
 	tailscaledPath string
 
-	pubKeyHTTPClient *http.Client     // or nil for http.DefaultClient
-	timeNow          func() time.Time // or nil for time.Now
+	timeNow func() time.Time // or nil for time.Now
 
 	sessionWaitGroup sync.WaitGroup
 
 	// mu protects the following
-	mu                   sync.Mutex
-	activeConns          map[*conn]bool              // set; value is always true
-	fetchPublicKeysCache map[string]pubKeyCacheEntry // by https URL
-	shutdownCalled       bool
+	mu             sync.Mutex
+	activeConns    map[*conn]bool // set; value is always true
+	shutdownCalled bool
 }
 
 func (srv *server) now() time.Time {
@@ -204,7 +200,6 @@ func (srv *server) OnPolicyChange() {
 //
 // Do the user auth
 //   - NoClientAuthHandler
-//   - PublicKeyHandler (only if NoClientAuthHandler returns errPubKeyRequired)
 //
 // Once auth is done, the conn can be multiplexed with multiple sessions and
 // channels concurrently. At which point any of the following can be called
@@ -234,10 +229,9 @@ type conn struct {
 	finalAction    *tailcfg.SSHAction // set by doPolicyAuth or resolveNextAction
 	finalActionErr error              // set by doPolicyAuth or resolveNextAction
 
-	info         *sshConnInfo    // set by setInfo
-	localUser    *userMeta       // set by doPolicyAuth
-	userGroupIDs []string        // set by doPolicyAuth
-	pubKey       gossh.PublicKey // set by doPolicyAuth
+	info         *sshConnInfo // set by setInfo
+	localUser    *userMeta    // set by doPolicyAuth
+	userGroupIDs []string     // set by doPolicyAuth
 	acceptEnv    []string
 
 	// mu protects the following fields.
@@ -268,9 +262,6 @@ func (c *conn) isAuthorized(ctx ssh.Context) error {
 	action := c.currentAction
 	for {
 		if action.Accept {
-			if c.pubKey != nil {
-				metricPublicKeyAccepts.Add(1)
-			}
 			return nil
 		}
 		if action.Reject || action.HoldAndDelegate == "" {
@@ -293,10 +284,6 @@ func (c *conn) isAuthorized(ctx ssh.Context) error {
 // policy.
 var errDenied = errors.New("ssh: access denied")
 
-// errPubKeyRequired is returned by NoClientAuthCallback to make the client
-// resort to public-key auth; not user visible.
-var errPubKeyRequired = errors.New("ssh publickey required")
-
 // NoClientAuthCallback implements gossh.NoClientAuthCallback and is called by
 // the ssh.Server when the client first connects with the "none"
 // authentication method.
@@ -305,13 +292,12 @@ var errPubKeyRequired = errors.New("ssh publickey required")
 // starting it afresh). It returns an error if the policy evaluation fails, or
 // if the decision is "reject"
 //
-// It either returns nil (accept) or errPubKeyRequired or errDenied
-// (reject). The errors may be wrapped.
+// It either returns nil (accept) or errDenied (reject). The errors may be wrapped.
 func (c *conn) NoClientAuthCallback(ctx ssh.Context) error {
 	if c.insecureSkipTailscaleAuth {
 		return nil
 	}
-	if err := c.doPolicyAuth(ctx, nil /* no pub key */); err != nil {
+	if err := c.doPolicyAuth(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if err := c.isAuthorized(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -332,8 +318,6 @@ func (c *conn) nextAuthMethodCallback(cm gossh.ConnMetadata, prevErrors []error)
 	switch {
 	case c.anyPasswordIsOkay:
 		nextMethod = append(nextMethod, "password")
-	case slicesx.LastEqual(prevErrors, errPubKeyRequired):
-		nextMethod = append(nextMethod, "publickey")
 	}
 
 	// The fake "tailscale" method is always appended to next so OpenSSH renders
@@ -353,41 +337,20 @@ func (c *conn) fakePasswordHandler(ctx ssh.Context, password string) bool {
 	return c.anyPasswordIsOkay
 }
 
-// PublicKeyHandler implements ssh.PublicKeyHandler is called by the
-// ssh.Server when the client presents a public key.
-func (c *conn) PublicKeyHandler(ctx ssh.Context, pubKey ssh.PublicKey) error {
-	if err := c.doPolicyAuth(ctx, pubKey); err != nil {
-		// TODO(maisem/bradfitz): surface the error here.
-		c.logf("rejecting SSH public key %s: %v", bytes.TrimSpace(gossh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(pubKey)), err)
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := c.isAuthorized(ctx); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	c.logf("accepting SSH public key %s", bytes.TrimSpace(gossh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(pubKey)))
-	return nil
-}
-
-// doPolicyAuth verifies that conn can proceed with the specified (optional)
-// pubKey. It returns nil if the matching policy action is Accept or
-// HoldAndDelegate. If pubKey is nil, there was no policy match but there is a
-// policy that might match a public key it returns errPubKeyRequired. Otherwise,
-// it returns errDenied.
-func (c *conn) doPolicyAuth(ctx ssh.Context, pubKey ssh.PublicKey) error {
+// doPolicyAuth verifies that conn can proceed.
+// It returns nil if the matching policy action is Accept or
+// HoldAndDelegate. Otherwise, it returns errDenied.
+func (c *conn) doPolicyAuth(ctx ssh.Context) error {
 	if err := c.setInfo(ctx); err != nil {
 		c.logf("failed to get conninfo: %v", err)
 		return errDenied
 	}
-	a, localUser, acceptEnv, err := c.evaluatePolicy(pubKey)
+	a, localUser, acceptEnv, err := c.evaluatePolicy()
 	if err != nil {
-		if pubKey == nil && c.havePubKeyPolicy() {
-			return errPubKeyRequired
-		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errDenied, err)
 	}
 	c.action0 = a
 	c.currentAction = a
-	c.pubKey = pubKey
 	c.acceptEnv = acceptEnv
 	if a.Message != "" {
 		if err := ctx.SendAuthBanner(a.Message); err != nil {
@@ -448,7 +411,6 @@ func (srv *server) newConn() (*conn, error) {
 		ServerConfigCallback: c.ServerConfig,
 
 		NoClientAuthHandler: c.NoClientAuthCallback,
-		PublicKeyHandler:    c.PublicKeyHandler,
 		PasswordHandler:     c.fakePasswordHandler,
 
 		Handler:                       c.handleSessionPostSSHAuth,
@@ -516,34 +478,6 @@ func (c *conn) mayForwardLocalPortTo(ctx ssh.Context, destinationHost string, de
 	return false
 }
 
-// havePubKeyPolicy reports whether any policy rule may provide access by means
-// of a ssh.PublicKey.
-func (c *conn) havePubKeyPolicy() bool {
-	if c.info == nil {
-		panic("havePubKeyPolicy called before setInfo")
-	}
-	// Is there any rule that looks like it'd require a public key for this
-	// sshUser?
-	pol, ok := c.sshPolicy()
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, r := range pol.Rules {
-		if c.ruleExpired(r) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if mapLocalUser(r.SSHUsers, c.info.sshUser) == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, p := range r.Principals {
-			if len(p.PubKeys) > 0 && c.principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity(p) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 // sshPolicy returns the SSHPolicy for current node.
 // If there is no SSHPolicy in the netmap, it returns a debugPolicy
 // if one is defined.
@@ -620,117 +554,19 @@ func (c *conn) setInfo(ctx ssh.Context) error {
 }
 
 // evaluatePolicy returns the SSHAction and localUser after evaluating
-// the SSHPolicy for this conn. The pubKey may be nil for "none" auth.
-func (c *conn) evaluatePolicy(pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (_ *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, _ error) {
+// the SSHPolicy for this conn.
+func (c *conn) evaluatePolicy() (_ *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, _ error) {
 	pol, ok := c.sshPolicy()
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, "", nil, fmt.Errorf("tailssh: rejecting connection; no SSH policy")
 	}
-	a, localUser, acceptEnv, ok := c.evalSSHPolicy(pol, pubKey)
+	a, localUser, acceptEnv, ok := c.evalSSHPolicy(pol)
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, "", nil, fmt.Errorf("tailssh: rejecting connection; no matching policy")
 	}
 	return a, localUser, acceptEnv, nil
 }
 
-// pubKeyCacheEntry is the cache value for an HTTPS URL of public keys (like
-// "https://github.com/foo.keys")
-type pubKeyCacheEntry struct {
-	lines []string
-	etag  string // if sent by server
-	at    time.Time
-}
-
-const (
-	pubKeyCacheDuration      = time.Minute      // how long to cache non-empty public keys
-	pubKeyCacheEmptyDuration = 15 * time.Second // how long to cache empty responses
-)
-
-func (srv *server) fetchPublicKeysURLCached(url string) (ce pubKeyCacheEntry, ok bool) {
-	srv.mu.Lock()
-	defer srv.mu.Unlock()
-	// Mostly don't care about the size of this cache. Clean rarely.
-	if m := srv.fetchPublicKeysCache; len(m) > 50 {
-		tooOld := srv.now().Add(pubKeyCacheDuration * 10)
-		for k, ce := range m {
-			if ce.at.Before(tooOld) {
-				delete(m, k)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	ce, ok = srv.fetchPublicKeysCache[url]
-	if !ok {
-		return ce, false
-	}
-	maxAge := pubKeyCacheDuration
-	if len(ce.lines) == 0 {
-		maxAge = pubKeyCacheEmptyDuration
-	}
-	return ce, srv.now().Sub(ce.at) < maxAge
-}
-
-func (srv *server) pubKeyClient() *http.Client {
-	if srv.pubKeyHTTPClient != nil {
-		return srv.pubKeyHTTPClient
-	}
-	return http.DefaultClient
-}
-
-// fetchPublicKeysURL fetches the public keys from a URL. The strings are in the
-// the typical public key "type base64-string [comment]" format seen at e.g.
-// https://github.com/USER.keys
-func (srv *server) fetchPublicKeysURL(url string) ([]string, error) {
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(url, "https://") {
-		return nil, errors.New("invalid URL scheme")
-	}
-
-	ce, ok := srv.fetchPublicKeysURLCached(url)
-	if ok {
-		return ce.lines, nil
-	}
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", url, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if ce.etag != "" {
-		req.Header.Add("If-None-Match", ce.etag)
-	}
-	res, err := srv.pubKeyClient().Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer res.Body.Close()
-	var lines []string
-	var etag string
-	switch res.StatusCode {
-	default:
-		err = fmt.Errorf("unexpected status %v", res.Status)
-		srv.logf("fetching public keys from %s: %v", url, err)
-	case http.StatusNotModified:
-		lines = ce.lines
-		etag = ce.etag
-	case http.StatusOK:
-		var all []byte
-		all, err = io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(res.Body, 4<<10))
-		if s := strings.TrimSpace(string(all)); s != "" {
-			lines = strings.Split(s, "\n")
-		}
-		etag = res.Header.Get("Etag")
-	}
-
-	srv.mu.Lock()
-	defer srv.mu.Unlock()
-	mak.Set(&srv.fetchPublicKeysCache, url, pubKeyCacheEntry{
-		at:    srv.now(),
-		lines: lines,
-		etag:  etag,
-	})
-	return lines, err
-}
-
 // handleSessionPostSSHAuth runs an SSH session after the SSH-level authentication,
 // but not necessarily before all the Tailscale-level extra verification has
 // completed. It also handles SFTP requests.
@@ -832,18 +668,6 @@ func (c *conn) expandDelegateURLLocked(actionURL string) string {
 	).Replace(actionURL)
 }
 
-func (c *conn) expandPublicKeyURL(pubKeyURL string) string {
-	if !strings.Contains(pubKeyURL, "$") {
-		return pubKeyURL
-	}
-	loginName := c.info.uprof.LoginName
-	localPart, _, _ := strings.Cut(loginName, "@")
-	return strings.NewReplacer(
-		"$LOGINNAME_EMAIL", loginName,
-		"$LOGINNAME_LOCALPART", localPart,
-	).Replace(pubKeyURL)
-}
-
 // sshSession is an accepted Tailscale SSH session.
 type sshSession struct {
 	ssh.Session
@@ -894,7 +718,7 @@ func (c *conn) newSSHSession(s ssh.Session) *sshSession {
 
 // isStillValid reports whether the conn is still valid.
 func (c *conn) isStillValid() bool {
-	a, localUser, _, err := c.evaluatePolicy(c.pubKey)
+	a, localUser, _, err := c.evaluatePolicy()
 	c.vlogf("stillValid: %+v %v %v", a, localUser, err)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false
@@ -1277,9 +1101,9 @@ func (c *conn) ruleExpired(r *tailcfg.SSHRule) bool {
 	return r.RuleExpires.Before(c.srv.now())
 }
 
-func (c *conn) evalSSHPolicy(pol *tailcfg.SSHPolicy, pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (a *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, ok bool) {
+func (c *conn) evalSSHPolicy(pol *tailcfg.SSHPolicy) (a *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, ok bool) {
 	for _, r := range pol.Rules {
-		if a, localUser, acceptEnv, err := c.matchRule(r, pubKey); err == nil {
+		if a, localUser, acceptEnv, err := c.matchRule(r); err == nil {
 			return a, localUser, acceptEnv, true
 		}
 	}
@@ -1296,7 +1120,7 @@ var (
 	errInvalidConn    = errors.New("invalid connection state")
 )
 
-func (c *conn) matchRule(r *tailcfg.SSHRule, pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (a *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, err error) {
+func (c *conn) matchRule(r *tailcfg.SSHRule) (a *tailcfg.SSHAction, localUser string, acceptEnv []string, err error) {
 	defer func() {
 		c.vlogf("matchRule(%+v): %v", r, err)
 	}()
@@ -1326,9 +1150,7 @@ func (c *conn) matchRule(r *tailcfg.SSHRule, pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (a *tailcfg
 			return nil, "", nil, errUserMatch
 		}
 	}
-	if ok, err := c.anyPrincipalMatches(r.Principals, pubKey); err != nil {
-		return nil, "", nil, err
-	} else if !ok {
+	if !c.anyPrincipalMatches(r.Principals) {
 		return nil, "", nil, errPrincipalMatch
 	}
 	return r.Action, localUser, r.AcceptEnv, nil
@@ -1345,30 +1167,20 @@ func mapLocalUser(ruleSSHUsers map[string]string, reqSSHUser string) (localUser
 	return v
 }
 
-func (c *conn) anyPrincipalMatches(ps []*tailcfg.SSHPrincipal, pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (bool, error) {
+func (c *conn) anyPrincipalMatches(ps []*tailcfg.SSHPrincipal) bool {
 	for _, p := range ps {
 		if p == nil {
 			continue
 		}
-		if ok, err := c.principalMatches(p, pubKey); err != nil {
-			return false, err
-		} else if ok {
-			return true, nil
+		if c.principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity(p) {
+			return true
 		}
 	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
-func (c *conn) principalMatches(p *tailcfg.SSHPrincipal, pubKey gossh.PublicKey) (bool, error) {
-	if !c.principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity(p) {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-	return c.principalMatchesPubKey(p, pubKey)
+	return false
 }
 
 // principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity reports whether one of p's four fields
 // that match the Tailscale identity match (Node, NodeIP, UserLogin, Any).
-// This function does not consider PubKeys.
 func (c *conn) principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity(p *tailcfg.SSHPrincipal) bool {
 	ci := c.info
 	if p.Any {
@@ -1388,42 +1200,6 @@ func (c *conn) principalMatchesTailscaleIdentity(p *tailcfg.SSHPrincipal) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func (c *conn) principalMatchesPubKey(p *tailcfg.SSHPrincipal, clientPubKey gossh.PublicKey) (bool, error) {
-	if len(p.PubKeys) == 0 {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-	if clientPubKey == nil {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-	knownKeys := p.PubKeys
-	if len(knownKeys) == 1 && strings.HasPrefix(knownKeys[0], "https://") {
-		var err error
-		knownKeys, err = c.srv.fetchPublicKeysURL(c.expandPublicKeyURL(knownKeys[0]))
-		if err != nil {
-			return false, err
-		}
-	}
-	for _, knownKey := range knownKeys {
-		if pubKeyMatchesAuthorizedKey(clientPubKey, knownKey) {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-	}
-	return false, nil
-}
-
-func pubKeyMatchesAuthorizedKey(pubKey ssh.PublicKey, wantKey string) bool {
-	wantKeyType, rest, ok := strings.Cut(wantKey, " ")
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	if pubKey.Type() != wantKeyType {
-		return false
-	}
-	wantKeyB64, _, _ := strings.Cut(rest, " ")
-	wantKeyData, _ := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(wantKeyB64)
-	return len(wantKeyData) > 0 && bytes.Equal(pubKey.Marshal(), wantKeyData)
-}
-
 func randBytes(n int) []byte {
 	b := make([]byte, n)
 	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
@@ -1749,7 +1525,6 @@ func envEq(a, b string) bool {
 var (
 	metricActiveSessions      = clientmetric.NewGauge("ssh_active_sessions")
 	metricIncomingConnections = clientmetric.NewCounter("ssh_incoming_connections")
-	metricPublicKeyAccepts    = clientmetric.NewCounter("ssh_publickey_accepts") // accepted subset of ssh_publickey_connections
 	metricTerminalAccept      = clientmetric.NewCounter("ssh_terminalaction_accept")
 	metricTerminalReject      = clientmetric.NewCounter("ssh_terminalaction_reject")
 	metricTerminalMalformed   = clientmetric.NewCounter("ssh_terminalaction_malformed")

ssh/tailssh/tailssh_test.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/ed25519"
 	"crypto/rand"
-	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -229,7 +228,7 @@ func TestMatchRule(t *testing.T) {
 				info: tt.ci,
 				srv:  &server{logf: t.Logf},
 			}
-			got, gotUser, gotAcceptEnv, err := c.matchRule(tt.rule, nil)
+			got, gotUser, gotAcceptEnv, err := c.matchRule(tt.rule)
 			if err != tt.wantErr {
 				t.Errorf("err = %v; want %v", err, tt.wantErr)
 			}
@@ -348,7 +347,7 @@ func TestEvalSSHPolicy(t *testing.T) {
 				info: tt.ci,
 				srv:  &server{logf: t.Logf},
 			}
-			got, gotUser, gotAcceptEnv, match := c.evalSSHPolicy(tt.policy, nil)
+			got, gotUser, gotAcceptEnv, match := c.evalSSHPolicy(tt.policy)
 			if match != tt.wantMatch {
 				t.Errorf("match = %v; want %v", match, tt.wantMatch)
 			}
@@ -1129,89 +1128,6 @@ func parseEnv(out []byte) map[string]string {
 	return e
 }
 
-func TestPublicKeyFetching(t *testing.T) {
-	var reqsTotal, reqsIfNoneMatchHit, reqsIfNoneMatchMiss int32
-	ts := httptest.NewUnstartedServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		atomic.AddInt32((&reqsTotal), 1)
-		etag := fmt.Sprintf("W/%q", sha256.Sum256([]byte(r.URL.Path)))
-		w.Header().Set("Etag", etag)
-		if v := r.Header.Get("If-None-Match"); v != "" {
-			if v == etag {
-				atomic.AddInt32(&reqsIfNoneMatchHit, 1)
-				w.WriteHeader(304)
-				return
-			}
-			atomic.AddInt32(&reqsIfNoneMatchMiss, 1)
-		}
-		io.WriteString(w, "foo\nbar\n"+string(r.URL.Path)+"\n")
-	}))
-	ts.StartTLS()
-	defer ts.Close()
-	keys := ts.URL
-
-	clock := &tstest.Clock{}
-	srv := &server{
-		pubKeyHTTPClient: ts.Client(),
-		timeNow:          clock.Now,
-	}
-	for range 2 {
-		got, err := srv.fetchPublicKeysURL(keys + "/alice.keys")
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-		if want := []string{"foo", "bar", "/alice.keys"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
-			t.Errorf("got %q; want %q", got, want)
-		}
-	}
-	if got, want := atomic.LoadInt32(&reqsTotal), int32(1); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("got %d requests; want %d", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := atomic.LoadInt32(&reqsIfNoneMatchHit), int32(0); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("got %d etag hits; want %d", got, want)
-	}
-	clock.Advance(5 * time.Minute)
-	got, err := srv.fetchPublicKeysURL(keys + "/alice.keys")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if want := []string{"foo", "bar", "/alice.keys"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
-		t.Errorf("got %q; want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := atomic.LoadInt32(&reqsTotal), int32(2); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("got %d requests; want %d", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := atomic.LoadInt32(&reqsIfNoneMatchHit), int32(1); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("got %d etag hits; want %d", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := atomic.LoadInt32(&reqsIfNoneMatchMiss), int32(0); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("got %d etag misses; want %d", got, want)
-	}
-
-}
-
-func TestExpandPublicKeyURL(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &conn{
-		info: &sshConnInfo{
-			uprof: tailcfg.UserProfile{
-				LoginName: "bar@baz.tld",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	if got, want := c.expandPublicKeyURL("foo"), "foo"; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("basic: got %q; want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := c.expandPublicKeyURL("https://example.com/$LOGINNAME_LOCALPART.keys"), "https://example.com/bar.keys"; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("localpart: got %q; want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	if got, want := c.expandPublicKeyURL("https://example.com/keys?email=$LOGINNAME_EMAIL"), "https://example.com/keys?email=bar@baz.tld"; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("email: got %q; want %q", got, want)
-	}
-	c.info = new(sshConnInfo)
-	if got, want := c.expandPublicKeyURL("https://example.com/keys?email=$LOGINNAME_EMAIL"), "https://example.com/keys?email="; got != want {
-		t.Errorf("on empty: got %q; want %q", got, want)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestAcceptEnvPair(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		in   string

tailcfg/tailcfg.go

@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ type CapabilityVersion int
 //   - 107: 2024-10-30: add App Connector to conffile (PR #13942)
 //   - 108: 2024-11-08: Client sends ServicesHash in Hostinfo, understands c2n GET /vip-services.
 //   - 109: 2024-11-18: Client supports filtertype.Match.SrcCaps (issue #12542)
-const CurrentCapabilityVersion CapabilityVersion = 109
+//   - 110: 2024-12-12: removed never-before-used Tailscale SSH public key support (#14373)
+const CurrentCapabilityVersion CapabilityVersion = 110
 
 type StableID string
 
@@ -2525,16 +2526,13 @@ type SSHPrincipal struct {
 	Any       bool         `json:"any,omitempty"`       // if true, match any connection
 	// TODO(bradfitz): add StableUserID, once that exists
 
-	// PubKeys, if non-empty, means that this SSHPrincipal only
-	// matches if one of these public keys is presented by the user.
+	// UnusedPubKeys was public key support. It never became an official product
+	// feature and so as of 2024-12-12 is being removed.
+	// This stub exists to remind us not to re-use the JSON field name "pubKeys"
+	// in the future if we bring it back with different semantics.
 	//
-	// As a special case, if len(PubKeys) == 1 and PubKeys[0] starts
-	// with "https://", then it's fetched (like https://github.com/username.keys).
-	// In that case, the following variable expansions are also supported
-	// in the URL:
-	//   * $LOGINNAME_EMAIL ("foo@bar.com" or "foo@github")
-	//   * $LOGINNAME_LOCALPART (the "foo" from either of the above)
-	PubKeys []string `json:"pubKeys,omitempty"`
+	// Deprecated: do not use. It does nothing.
+	UnusedPubKeys []string `json:"pubKeys,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // SSHAction is how to handle an incoming connection.

tailcfg/tailcfg_clone.go

@@ -556,17 +556,17 @@ func (src *SSHPrincipal) Clone() *SSHPrincipal {
 	}
 	dst := new(SSHPrincipal)
 	*dst = *src
-	dst.PubKeys = append(src.PubKeys[:0:0], src.PubKeys...)
+	dst.UnusedPubKeys = append(src.UnusedPubKeys[:0:0], src.UnusedPubKeys...)
 	return dst
 }
 
 // A compilation failure here means this code must be regenerated, with the command at the top of this file.
 var _SSHPrincipalCloneNeedsRegeneration = SSHPrincipal(struct {
-	Node      StableNodeID
-	NodeIP    string
-	UserLogin string
-	Any       bool
-	PubKeys   []string
+	Node          StableNodeID
+	NodeIP        string
+	UserLogin     string
+	Any           bool
+	UnusedPubKeys []string
 }{})
 
 // Clone makes a deep copy of ControlDialPlan.

tailcfg/tailcfg_view.go

@@ -1260,19 +1260,21 @@ func (v *SSHPrincipalView) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (v SSHPrincipalView) Node() StableNodeID           { return v.ж.Node }
-func (v SSHPrincipalView) NodeIP() string               { return v.ж.NodeIP }
-func (v SSHPrincipalView) UserLogin() string            { return v.ж.UserLogin }
-func (v SSHPrincipalView) Any() bool                    { return v.ж.Any }
-func (v SSHPrincipalView) PubKeys() views.Slice[string] { return views.SliceOf(v.ж.PubKeys) }
+func (v SSHPrincipalView) Node() StableNodeID { return v.ж.Node }
+func (v SSHPrincipalView) NodeIP() string     { return v.ж.NodeIP }
+func (v SSHPrincipalView) UserLogin() string  { return v.ж.UserLogin }
+func (v SSHPrincipalView) Any() bool          { return v.ж.Any }
+func (v SSHPrincipalView) UnusedPubKeys() views.Slice[string] {
+	return views.SliceOf(v.ж.UnusedPubKeys)
+}
 
 // A compilation failure here means this code must be regenerated, with the command at the top of this file.
 var _SSHPrincipalViewNeedsRegeneration = SSHPrincipal(struct {
-	Node      StableNodeID
-	NodeIP    string
-	UserLogin string
-	Any       bool
-	PubKeys   []string
+	Node          StableNodeID
+	NodeIP        string
+	UserLogin     string
+	Any           bool
+	UnusedPubKeys []string
 }{})
 
 // View returns a readonly view of ControlDialPlan.

tsnet/tsnet_test.go

@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/net/proxy"
 	"tailscale.com/client/tailscale"
 	"tailscale.com/cmd/testwrapper/flakytest"
-	"tailscale.com/health"
 	"tailscale.com/ipn"
 	"tailscale.com/ipn/store/mem"
 	"tailscale.com/net/netns"
@@ -822,16 +821,6 @@ func TestUDPConn(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// testWarnable is a Warnable that is used within this package for testing purposes only.
-var testWarnable = health.Register(&health.Warnable{
-	Code:     "test-warnable-tsnet",
-	Title:    "Test warnable",
-	Severity: health.SeverityLow,
-	Text: func(args health.Args) string {
-		return args[health.ArgError]
-	},
-})
-
 func parseMetrics(m []byte) (map[string]float64, error) {
 	metrics := make(map[string]float64)
 
@@ -905,9 +894,11 @@ func sendData(logf func(format string, args ...any), ctx context.Context, bytesC
 		for {
 			got := make([]byte, bytesCount)
 			n, err := conn.Read(got)
-			if n != bytesCount {
-				logf("read %d bytes, want %d", n, bytesCount)
+			if err != nil {
+				allReceived <- fmt.Errorf("failed reading packet, %s", err)
+				return
 			}
+			got = got[:n]
 
 			select {
 			case <-stopReceive:
@@ -915,13 +906,17 @@ func sendData(logf func(format string, args ...any), ctx context.Context, bytesC
 			default:
 			}
 
-			if err != nil {
-				allReceived <- fmt.Errorf("failed reading packet, %s", err)
-				return
-			}
-
 			total += n
 			logf("received %d/%d bytes, %.2f %%", total, bytesCount, (float64(total) / (float64(bytesCount)) * 100))
+
+			// Validate the received bytes to be the same as the sent bytes.
+			for _, b := range string(got) {
+				if b != 'A' {
+					allReceived <- fmt.Errorf("received unexpected byte: %c", b)
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
 			if total == bytesCount {
 				break
 			}
@@ -947,15 +942,135 @@ func sendData(logf func(format string, args ...any), ctx context.Context, bytesC
 	return nil
 }
 
-func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
-	flakytest.Mark(t, "https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/13420")
-	tstest.ResourceCheck(t)
+func TestUserMetricsByteCounters(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 120*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	controlURL, _ := startControl(t)
+	s1, s1ip, _ := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s1")
+	defer s1.Close()
+	s2, s2ip, _ := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s2")
+	defer s2.Close()
+
+	lc1, err := s1.LocalClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	lc2, err := s2.LocalClient()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Force an update to the netmap to ensure that the metrics are up-to-date.
+	s1.lb.DebugForceNetmapUpdate()
+	s2.lb.DebugForceNetmapUpdate()
+
+	// Wait for both nodes to have a peer in their netmap.
+	waitForCondition(t, "waiting for netmaps to contain peer", 90*time.Second, func() bool {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		status1, err := lc1.Status(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Logf("getting status: %s", err)
+			return false
+		}
+		status2, err := lc2.Status(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Logf("getting status: %s", err)
+			return false
+		}
+		return len(status1.Peers()) > 0 && len(status2.Peers()) > 0
+	})
+
+	// ping to make sure the connection is up.
+	res, err := lc2.Ping(ctx, s1ip, tailcfg.PingICMP)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("pinging: %s", err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("ping success: %#+v", res)
+
+	mustDirect(t, t.Logf, lc1, lc2)
+
+	// 1 megabytes
+	bytesToSend := 1 * 1024 * 1024
+
+	// This asserts generates some traffic, it is factored out
+	// of TestUDPConn.
+	start := time.Now()
+	err = sendData(t.Logf, ctx, bytesToSend, s1, s2, s1ip, s2ip)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to send packets: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Logf("Sent %d bytes from s1 to s2 in %s", bytesToSend, time.Since(start).String())
+
+	ctxLc, cancelLc := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancelLc()
+	metrics1, err := lc1.UserMetrics(ctxLc)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	parsedMetrics1, err := parseMetrics(metrics1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Allow the metrics for the bytes sent to be off by 15%.
+	bytesSentTolerance := 1.15
+
+	t.Logf("Metrics1:\n%s\n", metrics1)
+
+	// Verify that the amount of data recorded in bytes is higher or equal to the data sent
+	inboundBytes1 := parsedMetrics1[`tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}`]
+	if inboundBytes1 < float64(bytesToSend) {
+		t.Errorf(`metrics1, tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected higher (or equal) than %d, got: %f`, bytesToSend, inboundBytes1)
+	}
+
+	// But ensure that it is not too much higher than the data sent.
+	if inboundBytes1 > float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance {
+		t.Errorf(`metrics1, tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected lower than %f, got: %f`, float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance, inboundBytes1)
+	}
+
+	metrics2, err := lc2.UserMetrics(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	parsedMetrics2, err := parseMetrics(metrics2)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	t.Logf("Metrics2:\n%s\n", metrics2)
+
+	// Verify that the amount of data recorded in bytes is higher or equal than the data sent.
+	outboundBytes2 := parsedMetrics2[`tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}`]
+	if outboundBytes2 < float64(bytesToSend) {
+		t.Errorf(`metrics2, tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected higher (or equal) than %d, got: %f`, bytesToSend, outboundBytes2)
+	}
+
+	// But ensure that it is not too much higher than the data sent.
+	if outboundBytes2 > float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance {
+		t.Errorf(`metrics2, tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected lower than %f, got: %f`, float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance, outboundBytes2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUserMetricsRouteGauges(t *testing.T) {
+	// Windows does not seem to support or report back routes when running in
+	// userspace via tsnet. So, we skip this check on Windows.
+	// TODO(kradalby): Figure out if this is correct.
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		t.Skipf("skipping on windows")
+	}
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 120*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 
 	controlURL, c := startControl(t)
-	s1, s1ip, s1PubKey := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s1")
-	s2, s2ip, _ := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s2")
+	s1, _, s1PubKey := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s1")
+	defer s1.Close()
+	s2, _, _ := startServer(t, ctx, controlURL, "s2")
+	defer s2.Close()
 
 	s1.lb.EditPrefs(&ipn.MaskedPrefs{
 		Prefs: ipn.Prefs{
@@ -984,24 +1099,11 @@ func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	// ping to make sure the connection is up.
-	res, err := lc2.Ping(ctx, s1ip, tailcfg.PingICMP)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("pinging: %s", err)
-	}
-	t.Logf("ping success: %#+v", res)
-
-	ht := s1.lb.HealthTracker()
-	ht.SetUnhealthy(testWarnable, health.Args{"Text": "Hello world 1"})
-
 	// Force an update to the netmap to ensure that the metrics are up-to-date.
 	s1.lb.DebugForceNetmapUpdate()
 	s2.lb.DebugForceNetmapUpdate()
 
 	wantRoutes := float64(2)
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		wantRoutes = 0
-	}
 
 	// Wait for the routes to be propagated to node 1 to ensure
 	// that the metrics are up-to-date.
@@ -1013,31 +1115,11 @@ func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Logf("getting status: %s", err)
 			return false
 		}
-		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-			// Windows does not seem to support or report back routes when running in
-			// userspace via tsnet. So, we skip this check on Windows.
-			// TODO(kradalby): Figure out if this is correct.
-			return true
-		}
 		// Wait for the primary routes to reach our desired routes, which is wantRoutes + 1, because
 		// the PrimaryRoutes list will contain a exit node route, which the metric does not count.
 		return status1.Self.PrimaryRoutes != nil && status1.Self.PrimaryRoutes.Len() == int(wantRoutes)+1
 	})
 
-	mustDirect(t, t.Logf, lc1, lc2)
-
-	// 10 megabytes
-	bytesToSend := 10 * 1024 * 1024
-
-	// This asserts generates some traffic, it is factored out
-	// of TestUDPConn.
-	start := time.Now()
-	err = sendData(t.Logf, ctx, bytesToSend, s1, s2, s1ip, s2ip)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Failed to send packets: %v", err)
-	}
-	t.Logf("Sent %d bytes from s1 to s2 in %s", bytesToSend, time.Since(start).String())
-
 	ctxLc, cancelLc := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
 	defer cancelLc()
 	metrics1, err := lc1.UserMetrics(ctxLc)
@@ -1045,19 +1127,11 @@ func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	status1, err := lc1.Status(ctxLc)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	parsedMetrics1, err := parseMetrics(metrics1)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	// Allow the metrics for the bytes sent to be off by 15%.
-	bytesSentTolerance := 1.15
-
 	t.Logf("Metrics1:\n%s\n", metrics1)
 
 	// The node is advertising 4 routes:
@@ -1075,33 +1149,11 @@ func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("metrics1, tailscaled_approved_routes: got %v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
 
-	// Validate the health counter metric against the status of the node
-	if got, want := parsedMetrics1[`tailscaled_health_messages{type="warning"}`], float64(len(status1.Health)); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("metrics1, tailscaled_health_messages: got %v, want %v", got, want)
-	}
-
-	// Verify that the amount of data recorded in bytes is higher or equal to the
-	// 10 megabytes sent.
-	inboundBytes1 := parsedMetrics1[`tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}`]
-	if inboundBytes1 < float64(bytesToSend) {
-		t.Errorf(`metrics1, tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected higher (or equal) than %d, got: %f`, bytesToSend, inboundBytes1)
-	}
-
-	// But ensure that it is not too much higher than the 10 megabytes sent.
-	if inboundBytes1 > float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance {
-		t.Errorf(`metrics1, tailscaled_inbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected lower than %f, got: %f`, float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance, inboundBytes1)
-	}
-
 	metrics2, err := lc2.UserMetrics(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	status2, err := lc2.Status(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
 	parsedMetrics2, err := parseMetrics(metrics2)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -1118,23 +1170,6 @@ func TestUserMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 	if got, want := parsedMetrics2["tailscaled_approved_routes"], 0.0; got != want {
 		t.Errorf("metrics2, tailscaled_approved_routes: got %v, want %v", got, want)
 	}
-
-	// Validate the health counter metric against the status of the node
-	if got, want := parsedMetrics2[`tailscaled_health_messages{type="warning"}`], float64(len(status2.Health)); got != want {
-		t.Errorf("metrics2, tailscaled_health_messages: got %v, want %v", got, want)
-	}
-
-	// Verify that the amount of data recorded in bytes is higher or equal than the
-	// 10 megabytes sent.
-	outboundBytes2 := parsedMetrics2[`tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}`]
-	if outboundBytes2 < float64(bytesToSend) {
-		t.Errorf(`metrics2, tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected higher (or equal) than %d, got: %f`, bytesToSend, outboundBytes2)
-	}
-
-	// But ensure that it is not too much higher than the 10 megabytes sent.
-	if outboundBytes2 > float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance {
-		t.Errorf(`metrics2, tailscaled_outbound_bytes_total{path="direct_ipv4"}: expected lower than %f, got: %f`, float64(bytesToSend)*bytesSentTolerance, outboundBytes2)
-	}
 }
 
 func waitForCondition(t *testing.T, msg string, waitTime time.Duration, f func() bool) {

types/bools/bools.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+// Package bools contains the [Compare] and [Select] functions.
+package bools
+
+// Compare compares two boolean values as if false is ordered before true.
+func Compare[T ~bool](x, y T) int {
+	switch {
+	case x == false && y == true:
+		return -1
+	case x == true && y == false:
+		return +1
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+// IfElse is a ternary operator that returns trueVal if condExpr is true
+// otherwise it returns falseVal.
+// IfElse(c, a, b) is roughly equivalent to (c ? a : b) in languages like C.
+func IfElse[T any](condExpr bool, trueVal T, falseVal T) T {
+	if condExpr {
+		return trueVal
+	} else {
+		return falseVal
+	}
+}

types/bools/bools_test.go

@@ -19,3 +19,12 @@ func TestCompare(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Compare(true, true) = %v, want 0", got)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestIfElse(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := IfElse(true, 0, 1); got != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("IfElse(true, 0, 1) = %v, want 0", got)
+	}
+	if got := IfElse(false, 0, 1); got != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("IfElse(false, 0, 1) = %v, want 1", got)
+	}
+}

types/bools/compare.go

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
-
-// Package bools contains the bools.Compare function.
-package bools
-
-// Compare compares two boolean values as if false is ordered before true.
-func Compare[T ~bool](x, y T) int {
-	switch {
-	case x == false && y == true:
-		return -1
-	case x == true && y == false:
-		return +1
-	default:
-		return 0
-	}
-}

types/iox/io.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+// Package iox provides types to implement [io] functionality.
+package iox
+
+// TODO(https://go.dev/issue/21670): Deprecate or remove this functionality
+// once the Go language supports implementing an 1-method interface directly
+// using a function value of a matching signature.
+
+// ReaderFunc implements [io.Reader] using the underlying function value.
+type ReaderFunc func([]byte) (int, error)
+
+func (f ReaderFunc) Read(b []byte) (int, error) {
+	return f(b)
+}
+
+// WriterFunc implements [io.Writer] using the underlying function value.
+type WriterFunc func([]byte) (int, error)
+
+func (f WriterFunc) Write(b []byte) (int, error) {
+	return f(b)
+}

types/iox/io_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+package iox
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io"
+	"testing"
+	"testing/iotest"
+
+	"tailscale.com/util/must"
+)
+
+func TestCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	const testdata = "the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog"
+	src := testdata
+	bb := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	if got := must.Get(io.Copy(bb, ReaderFunc(func(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
+		n = copy(b[:min(len(b), 7)], src)
+		src = src[n:]
+		if len(src) == 0 {
+			err = io.EOF
+		}
+		return n, err
+	}))); int(got) != len(testdata) {
+		t.Errorf("copy = %d, want %d", got, len(testdata))
+	}
+	var dst []byte
+	if got := must.Get(io.Copy(WriterFunc(func(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
+		dst = append(dst, b...)
+		return len(b), nil
+	}), iotest.OneByteReader(bb))); int(got) != len(testdata) {
+		t.Errorf("copy = %d, want %d", got, len(testdata))
+	}
+	if string(dst) != testdata {
+		t.Errorf("copy = %q, want %q", dst, testdata)
+	}
+}

util/dnsname/dnsname.go

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 package dnsname
 
 import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+
+	"tailscale.com/util/vizerror"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func ToFQDN(s string) (FQDN, error) {
 		totalLen += 1 // account for missing dot
 	}
 	if totalLen > maxNameLength {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%q is too long to be a DNS name", s)
+		return "", vizerror.Errorf("%q is too long to be a DNS name", s)
 	}
 
 	st := 0
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func ToFQDN(s string) (FQDN, error) {
 		//
 		// See https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/2024 for more.
 		if len(label) == 0 || len(label) > maxLabelLength {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label", label)
+			return "", vizerror.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label", label)
 		}
 		st = i + 1
 	}
@@ -97,23 +97,23 @@ func (f FQDN) Contains(other FQDN) bool {
 // ValidLabel reports whether label is a valid DNS label.
 func ValidLabel(label string) error {
 	if len(label) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("empty DNS label")
+		return vizerror.New("empty DNS label")
 	}
 	if len(label) > maxLabelLength {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%q is too long, max length is %d bytes", label, maxLabelLength)
+		return vizerror.Errorf("%q is too long, max length is %d bytes", label, maxLabelLength)
 	}
 	if !isalphanum(label[0]) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: must start with a letter or number", label)
+		return vizerror.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: must start with a letter or number", label)
 	}
 	if !isalphanum(label[len(label)-1]) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: must end with a letter or number", label)
+		return vizerror.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: must end with a letter or number", label)
 	}
 	if len(label) < 2 {
 		return nil
 	}
 	for i := 1; i < len(label)-1; i++ {
 		if !isdnschar(label[i]) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: contains invalid character %q", label, label[i])
+			return vizerror.Errorf("%q is not a valid DNS label: contains invalid character %q", label, label[i])
 		}
 	}
 	return nil

util/multierr/multierr.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 package multierr
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
@@ -135,40 +134,3 @@ func Range(err error, fn func(error) bool) bool {
 	}
 	return true
 }
-
-// DeduplicateContextErrors returns a new slice of errors with at most one
-// occurrence of each [context.Canceled] or [context.DeadlineExceeded], if one
-// or more of them are present in the input slice.
-//
-// All other non-nil errors are returned as-is; nil errors are skipped.
-func DeduplicateContextErrors(errs []error) []error {
-	// preserve nil/non-nil distinction
-	if errs == nil {
-		return nil
-	} else if len(errs) == 0 {
-		return []error{}
-	}
-
-	var (
-		ret                      []error
-		sawCanceled, sawDeadline bool
-	)
-	for _, err := range errs {
-		if err == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
-			if sawCanceled {
-				continue
-			}
-			sawCanceled = true
-		} else if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
-			if sawDeadline {
-				continue
-			}
-			sawDeadline = true
-		}
-		ret = append(ret, err)
-	}
-	return ret
-}

util/multierr/multierr_test.go

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 package multierr_test
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -108,60 +107,6 @@ func TestRange(t *testing.T) {
 	})), want)
 }
 
-func TestDeduplicateContextErrors(t *testing.T) {
-	testError := errors.New("test error")
-
-	tests := []struct {
-		name  string
-		input []error
-		want  []error
-	}{
-		{name: "nil", input: nil, want: nil},
-		{name: "empty", input: []error{}, want: []error{}},
-		{name: "single", input: []error{testError}, want: []error{testError}},
-		{
-			name:  "duplicate_non_context",
-			input: []error{testError, testError},
-			want:  []error{testError, testError},
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "single_context",
-			input: []error{context.Canceled},
-			want:  []error{context.Canceled},
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "duplicate_context",
-			input: []error{testError, context.Canceled, context.Canceled},
-			want:  []error{testError, context.Canceled},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "duplicate_context_mixed",
-			input: []error{
-				testError,
-				context.Canceled,
-				context.Canceled,
-				testError,
-				context.DeadlineExceeded,
-				context.DeadlineExceeded,
-			},
-			want: []error{
-				testError,
-				context.Canceled,
-				testError,
-				context.DeadlineExceeded,
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got := multierr.DeduplicateContextErrors(tt.input)
-			if diff := cmp.Diff(tt.want, got, cmpopts.EquateErrors()); diff != "" {
-				t.Errorf("DeduplicateContextErrors() mismatch (-want +got):\n%s", diff)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 var sink error
 
 func BenchmarkEmpty(b *testing.B) {